基于PSR模型的湖泊环境治理绩效评价及其应用

doi:10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅于2018年1月4日印发了《关于在湖泊实施湖长制的指导意见》的通知，然而湖长制自推行以来，政策落实不到位且湖泊环境治理效果也不乐观。在此背景下，为进一步定量评价湖泊环境治理的绩效，论文在环境、经济、社会三维价值取向的指引下，基于PSR（pressure state response）模型，从压力、状态、响应3个维度构建湖泊环境治理绩效评价指标体系，运用层次分析法确定各级指标权重，并结合模糊综合评价法对安徽省天长市高邮湖的环境治理绩效展开评价应用。评价结果显示：高邮湖环境治理绩效总体得分为0.529 8，环境治理绩效处于“警戒”状态；二级指标中的“污染物排放”“富营养化”“水质控制”的得分都只有0.3，环境治理绩效处于“较差”水平，这表明高邮湖环境治理中的短板就是污染物排放问题、富营养化问题和水质控制问题；三级指标中的“固体废物排放强度”“水土流失率”“人口密度”“人口城市化水平”“综合营养状态指数”“固体废物处理率”“重要饮用水水源地水质达标度”得分均低于0.5，进一步说明了高邮湖目前存在的具体问题，即高邮湖在长期周边人类活动的影响下对于固体废物排放控制和处理不到位，导致水土流失面积较大，湖泊整体处于富营养化状态且重要饮用水水源地水质不达标。基于以上结论，提出从源头控制污染物和水土流失、重视富营养化问题、建立信息化管控平台、促进人口与环境协调发展、强化湖泊环境绩效评价结果与问责运用、建立高邮湖各水域湖长统一管理体制等建议，以期提升高邮湖环境治理绩效。

关键词: 湖泊环境治理绩效, 指标体系, 绩效评价, PSR模型

Abstract: Since “Guidelines for Implementing Lake Chief System” was issued on 1/4/2018, this policy has not been well implemented, and neither the lake environment well governed. This paper, aiming at quantitatively evaluating lake environment governance performance, uses pressure-state-response (PSR) model to establish an index system to evaluate the lake environmental governance performance from environment, economy and society, and applies analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of indicators, and combines with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to evaluate Gaoyou lake's environmental governance performance, Tianchang city, Anhui province. The results show its performance has a total score at 0.529 8, at a “alarming” status, and its pollution emission, eutrophication and water quality control in tier 2 indicators have scores at 0.3, such a poor level indicating the three are the root causes. In tier 3 indicators, solid waste discharge intensity, water-soil erosion rate, population density, population urbanization level, comprehensive nutrition index, solid waste processing rate, key potable water sources quality qualification are below 0.5, suggesting a poor handling of solid wastes which leads to a larger water-soil erosion, a eutrophicating state and a unqualified water quality. This paper presents suggestions on controlling pollution at the source and water-soil erosion, focusing on eutrophication, setting up information controlling platform, promoting a coordinated development of population and environment, boosting a combination of lake performance results with responsibilities, and establishing a unified Gaoyou lake chiefs system to improve lake environmental governance performance.

Key words: lake environmental governance performance, index system, performance evaluation, PSR model

中图分类号:

F205
X52

杜晓荣, 刘远航. 基于PSR模型的湖泊环境治理绩效评价及其应用[J]. 资源与产业, 2022, 24(3): 146-158.

DU Xiaorong, LIU Yuanhang. EVALUATION AND APPLICATION OF LAKE ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE BASED ON PSR MODEL[J]. Resources & Industries, 2022, 24(3): 146-158.

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