红线控制下高质量水资源优化配置——以南京市为例

doi:10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20221012.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水资源高质量利用是可持续发展理念下解决水危机的重要方式。开展水资源配置研究，不仅可以提供缓解水资源供需矛盾的方法，推动水资源长效利用；同时也可以为社会经济发展保驾护航，支撑经济社会高质量发展。本文构建“三条红线”控制下多目标区域水资源优化配置模型，并以南京市为例分析其当前水资源供需情况，同时采用多目标粒子群算法对模型求解，获得规划年的水资源优化配置方案。在2030年，在三条红线约束下南京市可供水量为34.41亿m³，缺水率约为8.22%。工业、农业以及生活用水仍占据水资源配置主流，环境用水配置增长较快。COD和氨氮得到较好控制，较为理想的实现了经济效益目标、社会效益目标、环境效益目标的三者均衡发展。根据南京市水资源优化配置结果，笔者提出供需协调、优化产业结构、“护”“治”结合以促进水资源高质量发展的优化建议。

关键词: 三条红线, 高质量发展, 水资源配置

Abstract: Quality use of water resource is a vital way to deal with water crisis under the concept of sustainable development. Study on water resource allocation can not only provide solutions to water resource supply-demand conflict, but also boost a sustainable use of water resource, and also guarantee a quality social & economic development. This paper, based on a case study on Nanjing city, establishes a water resource optimized allocation model of multiple target areas under three red lines control, which is given solutions by applying multiple particle swarm algorithm in obtaining water resource optimized allocation plans for planning years. Results show Nanjing will have a water supply of 3.441 billion cubic meters in 2030 under three Red Lines control with a water shortage rate up to 8.22%. Industrial, agricultural and living water is the major uses with a fast-growing environmental water use. COD and Ammonia-Nitrogen are under good control, reaching a balanced development among economic, social and environmental benefit objectives. This paper presents suggestions on coordinating water supply-demand, optimizing industrial structure and combining protection with governance in order to promote a water resource quality development.

Key words: three red lines, quality development, water resource allocation

中图分类号:

F205
TV213

许纪校, 王尧, 唐勇军. 红线控制下高质量水资源优化配置——以南京市为例[J]. 资源与产业, 2022, 24(5): 70-80.

XU Jixiao, WANG Yao, TANG Yongjun. A CASE STUDY ON NANJING: OPTIMIZED ALLOCATION OF QUALITY WATER RESOURCE UNDER RED LINE CONTROL[J]. Resources & Industries, 2022, 24(5): 70-80.

参考文献

包志炎, 郑高安, 王萱, 等, 2020. 基于模糊数据挖掘的灌区水资源配置研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 51（8）: 270-277.〔BAO Z Y, ZHENG G A, WANG X, et al, 2020. Water resources allocation of irrigation district based on fuzzy data mining [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 51（8）: 270-277.〕
陈莎, 吕鹤, 李素梅, 等, 2021. 面向水资源可持续利用的综合水足迹评价方法[J]. 水资源保护, 37（4）: 22-28.〔CHEN S,
LÜ H, LI S M, et al, 2021. Methods of comprehensive water footprint assessment for sustainable utilization of water resources [J]. Water Resources Protection, 37（4）: 22-28.〕
方国华, 郭玉雪, 闻昕, 等, 2018. 改进的多目标量子遗传算法在南水北调东线工程江苏段水资源优化调度中的应用[J]. 水资源保护, 34（2）: 34-41.〔FANG G H, GUO Y X, WEN X, et al, 2018. Application of improved multi-objective quantum genetic algorithm on water resources optimal operation of Jiangsu Section of South-to-North Water Transfer East Route Project [J]. Water Resources Protection, 34（2）: 34-41.〕
丰景春, 马佳佳, 冯同祖, 等, 2021. 水利建设市场主体信用评价指标体系研究[J]. 水利经济, 39（4）: 54-60, 79. 〔FENG J C, MA J J, FENG T Z, et al, 2021. Credit evaluation index system for subject of water conservancy construction market [J]. Journal of Economics of Water Resources, 39（4）: 54-60, 79.〕
高波, 郭菊娥, 薛欣喜, 2013. 沿海城市多水源多用户供水优化配置研究[J]. 中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版)（2）: 19-24.〔GAO B, GUO J E, XUE X X, 2013. A study of the optimization of water supply based on various water sources and consumers in coastal cities[J]. Journal of Ocean University of China (Social Sciences)（2）: 19-24.〕
高吉喜, 李广宇, 张怡, 等, 2021. “十四五”生态环境保护目标、任务与实现路径分析[J]. 环境保护, 49（2）: 45-51.〔GAO J X, LI G Y, ZHANG Y, et al, 2021. Analysis on goals, tasks and realization path of China's 14th Five-Year Plan for ecological and environmental protection[J]. Environmental Protection, 49（2）: 45-51.〕
谷文林, 刘枫, 井沛然, 2021. 江西省水资源生态足迹时空格局[J]. 水利经济, 39（1）: 58-64, 82.〔GU W L, LIU F, JING P R, 2021. Spatial and temporal patterns of ecological footprint of water resources in Jiangxi Province[J]. Journal of Economics of Water Resources, 39（1）: 58-64, 82.〕
黄强, 2013. 陕西省南水北调受水区水资源优化配置研究[J]. 中国水利 (22): 21-22.〔HUANG Q, 2013. Study on optimization allocation of water resources in South-to-North Water Diversion Project in Shaanxi Province[J]. China Water Resources (22): 21-22.〕
何昭丽, 王瑞方, 2021. 干旱区旅游业用水供需适配性评价模型及应用: 以中国新疆为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 36（12）: 3215-3231.〔HE Z L, WANG R F, 2021. Evaluation model and application of water supply and demand suitability for tourism in arid areas: a case study of Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 36（12）: 3215-3231.〕
梁学玉, 2010. 基于粒子群算法的榆林市水资源优化配置的研究[D]. 咸阳: 西北农林科技大学.〔LIANG X Y, 2010. Study on optimal allocation of Yulin water resources based on particle swarm optimization (PSO)[D]. Xianyang: Northwest A&F University.〕
刘美钰, 张雷, 栾清华, 等, 2021. 人工鱼群算法在河间市水资源优化配置中的应用[J]. 水利水运工程学报 (3): 74-83.〔LIU M Y, ZHANG L, LUAN Q H, et al, 2021. Application of artificial fish swarm algorithm in optimal allocation of water resources in Hejian County, China [J]. Hydro-Science and Engineering (3): 74-83.〕
秦腾, 章恒全, 佟金萍, 等, 2017. 城镇化进程中用水量增长的门槛效应与动态作用机制分析[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 27（5）: 45-53.〔QIN T, ZHANG H Q, TONG J P, et al, 2017. Analysis on threshold effects and dynamic mechanism of water consumption [J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 27（5）: 45-53. 〕
沙金霞, 2018. 改进鲸鱼算法在多目标水资源优化配置中的应用[J]. 水利水电技术, 49（4）: 18-26.〔SHA J X, 2018. Application of ameliorative whale optimization algorithm to optimal allocation of multiobjective water resources[J]. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 49（4）: 18-26.〕
孙冬营, 佘靖雯, 褚钰, 等, 2019. 水资源配置方案综合评价中的信息损失测度研究[J]. 运筹与管理, 28（12）: 124-129.〔SUN D Y, SHE J W, CHU Y, et al, 2019. Research on the measure of information loss in composite evaluation[J]. Operations Research and Management Science, 28（12）: 124-129.〕
孙静思, 2021. 基于居民幸福感的水资源配置优化研究: 以洛阳市为例[J]. 资源与产业, 23（3）: 88-94.〔SUN J S, 2021. A case study on Luoyang city: optimization of water resource allocation based on residents euphoria [J]. Resources & Industries, 23（3）: 88-94.〕
孙雪涛, 2011. 贯彻落实中央一号文件, 实行最严格水资源管理制度[J]. 中国水利（6）: 33-34.〔SUN X T, 2011. We should implement the no.1 document of the central government and implement the strictest water resources management system[J]. China Water Resources（6）: 33-34.〕
王妍, 2018. 基于半结构可变模糊集的跨流域调水工程后评价[J]. 人民长江, 49（19）: 108-113.〔WANG Y, 2018. Post evaluation of trans-basin water transfer project based on semi-structured variable fuzzy set theory[J]. Yangtze River, 49（19）: 108-113.〕
王宗志, 叶爱玲, 刘克琳, 等, 2021. 流域水资源供需双侧调控模型及应用[J]. 水利学报, 52（3）: 265-276.〔WANG Z Z, YE A L, LIU K L, et al, 2021. Modeling of bilateral joint regulation of basinwide water resources supply and demand [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 52（3）: 265-276.〕
向龙, 范云柱, 刘蔚, 等, 2016. 基于节水优先的水资源配置模式[J]. 水资源保护, 32（2）: 9-13, 25.〔XIANG L, FAN Y Z, LIU W, et al, 2016. Model of water resources allocation based on idea of giving priority to water-saving [J]. Water Resources Protection, 32（2）: 9-13, 25.〕
杨丹, 张昊, 管西柯, 等, 2013. 区域最严格水资源管理“三条红线”评价指标体系的构建[J]. 水电能源科学, 31（12）: 182-185.〔YANG D, ZHANG H, GUAN X K, et al, 2013. Establishment of evaluation indicator system of“Three Red Lines” for the most strict regional water resources management[J]. Water Resources and Power, 31（12）: 182-185.〕
闫堃, 钟平安, 万新宇, 2016. 滨海地区水资源多目标优化调度模型研究[J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 14（1）: 59-66.〔YAN K, ZHONG P A, WAN X Y, 2016. An optimal operation model for multiobjective water resources schedule in coastal area[J]. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology, 14（1）: 59-66.〕
周露明, 谢兴华, 余丽, 等, 2019. 水资源管理中的水—能源—经济耦合关系[J]. 水电能源科学, 37（4）: 144-147+166.〔ZHOU L M, XIE X H, YU L, et al, 2019. WaterEnergyEconomy coupling relationship in water resources management [J]. Water Resources and Power, 37（4）: 144-147+166.〕
张帆, 蔡宴朋, 郭萍, 等, 2021. 灌区干支渠渗漏估算方法及其在水资源优化配置中的应用[J]. 农业工程学报, 37（4）: 140-147.〔ZHANG F, CAI Y P, GUO P, et al, 2021. Method for estimating trunk and branch canal leakage in irrigation districts and its application in optimal allocation of water resources[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 37（4）: 140-147.〕
CHEN C, GUO J J, SHEN D J, 2021. Water resources allocation and re-allocation of the Yellow River Basin [J]. Resources Science, 43（4）: 799-812.
YANG M J, QIN T L, YANG Z Y, et al, 2015. Research progress of urban water source allocation and solution assessment [J]. South--to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology, 13（2）: 382-386.

[1]	柯文岚, 李文慧, 闫晶晶. 京津冀城市群高质量发展测度及时空分异特征研究[J]. 资源与产业, 2024, 26(1): 1-14.
[2]	王理想, 王建民. 碳中和目标下长三角地区能源结构调整的经济影响及其差异性[J]. 资源与产业, 2024, 26(1): 25-34.
[3]	尹庆民, 林茵茵. 基于GTWR模型的数字经济对经济高质量发展的时空效应研究[J]. 资源与产业, 2024, 26(1): 86-99.
[4]	丁雄军, 王莉, 魏源, 等. 构建“山水林土河微”生命共同体促进酿酒行业高质量发展的思考与实践[J]. 资源与产业, 2024, 26(1): 124-132.
[5]	张婕, 任雨菲, 胡周汉. 南水北调平原水库服务价值与区域高质量发展耦合协调研究——以山东省德州市大屯水库为例[J]. 资源与产业, 2023, 25(4): 41-54.
[6]	王济干, 包婷婷, 邢贞成. 基于包容性全要素生产率的长三角经济高质量发展测度研究[J]. 资源与产业, 2023, 25(3): 82-91.
[7]	姜翔程, 刘佳慧. 黄河流域水资源利用效率与经济高质量发展的脱钩分析[J]. 资源与产业, 2023, 25(2): 65-75.
[8]	田泽, 肖玲颖, 梁伟, 等. 黄河流域工业绿色低碳转型与经济高质量发展耦合协调研究[J]. 资源与产业, 2023, 25(1): 14-26.
[9]	马瑞. 新发展理念视角下黄河流域9省高质量发展评价与空间分布研究[J]. 资源与产业, 2022, 24(1): 160-171.
[10]	朱学义. 煤炭资源资本化高质量发展理论框架的构建——基于凝聚子群分析法的应用[J]. 资源与产业, 2021, 23(6): 31-37.
[11]	东梅, 王妍璎, 于松, 等. 生态福利绩效视角下西部地区高质量发展路径研究——基于两阶段DEA与Tobit模型[J]. 资源与产业, 2021, 23(5): 61-71.
[12]	张梦瑶，沙景华，钟帅. 京津冀地区不同水资源配置方式的影响比较:基于社会核算矩阵[J]. 资源与产业, 2016, 18(4): 30-37.