Abstract: Water resource, energy and food are vital for human, and their tie (WEF-Nexus) is mutual, interactive, sensitive and vulnerable, so WEF-Nexus is one of popular research topics. This paper overviews the research advances and provides references from concepts, theories and models. There is no theory that is widely accepted. Theories chiefly include systematology, method theory and co-integration theory. The models include tie-specific models and general models, research tools have two, quantitative and qualitative. Research advances are summarized based on co-integration, security, risks and optimization with results showing a subjective WEF-Nexus co-integration index. Its security tie is focused on security assessment, lacks security controls. No references are found on WEF-Nexus risk determination and alerting. It is difficult to construct an optimized WEF system model due to the complexity of WEF coupling system; the related references are mainly on regional or stream WEF systems, few on cities or families. This paper presents outlooks for future study, including green co-integrated development theory, interactive and evolutionary mechanism, data-based comprehensive decision platform and risks determination and alerting.

Key words: water-energy-food nexus, general theory, multi-viewing angle, references survey

摘要： 水资源、能源和粮食在人类生产生活中发挥着极其重要的作用，三者之间相互影响、相互作用，逐渐形成了一种极具敏感性和脆弱性的关联关系，即水-能源-粮食纽带关系（WEF-Nexus）。目前有关WEF-Nexus的研究已成为国内外众多学者研究的热点话题之一，本研究对当前国内外WEF-Nexus的相关研究内容进行综述，从而为未来其他学者开展WEF-Nexus研究提供参考和借鉴价值。通过文献调查法，综合分析国内外相关研究文献，从概念内涵、相关理论及模型方法3个维度总结归纳WEF-Nexus概念及理论方法研究进展。研究发现在概念界定方面，目前还未形成被广泛认可的说法；在相关理论方面，国内外学者主要采用系统论、方法论、协同论等不同理论方法研究WEF-Nexus；在模型方法方面，目前主要有针对纽带关系的专用模型和适用于纽带关系的通用模型，研究工具主要分为定性研究工具和定量研究工具。此外，基于协同、安全、风险及优化等视角梳理WEF-Nexus的相关研究进展，结果表明目前WEF-Nexus协同发展评价指标主观性较强，WEF安全纽带关系研究主要集中在安全评价方面，有关安全管控等方面的研究稍欠缺，WEF-Nexus风险诊断及预警研究仍处于空白阶段。由于WEF耦合系统的复杂性，构建WEF系统优化模型具有一定的难度，且现有文献多以研究区域或流域WEF系统的优化为主，鲜有城市或家庭层面的优化研究，因此，提出未来WEF-Nexus研究的发展方向，即绿色发展下WEF-Nexus协同发展理论研究、WEF-Nexus互馈及演化机理、基于大数据技术的WEF综合决策分析平台以及重大突发事件下WEF-Nexus风险诊断预警等是未来WEF-Nexus的研究重点。

关键词: 水-能源-粮食纽带关系, 基础理论, 多维视角, 文献调查法