Abstract: 27 Chinese provinces' panel data from 2009 to 2018 are used study the supply efficiency and its changes of farmland water facilities by using SBM-Malmquist and Tobit model is applied to analyze the factors, with results showing an overall declining trend of supply efficiency, from 0.707 to 0.704, varying with geographical regions, northern, northeastern, eastern, central south, northwestern and southeastern in a decreasing order. The efficiencies reach up to 1 in northern and northeastern at the end of the study period. China's average total factor productivity of farmland water conservancy facilities supply is falling in a fluctuated way, mostly contributed by lagging technical advances. Regional economy and farmland water conservancy facilities investing structures cast a positive influence on the supply efficiencies with regression coefficients of 3.02 and 2.19 respectively. The better economy and the larger investment ratio on farmland water facilities, the higher supply efficiencies.The efficiencies are adversely affected by the proportion of farmers income from salary and rural illiteracy rate. Areas with higher proportion of farmers income from salary and higher illiteracy rate have accordingly low farmland water conservancy facilities supply efficiencies due to farmers' low will in investment. Regression results which have been verified by replacing dependent variables, supplementing missing variables, sub-samples regression and lagging variables regression are of good robustness. This paper presents suggestions on increasing farmland water conservancy facilities investment, boosting water conservancy facilities supply, optimizing rural administrative organizations and encouraging farmers' participation, aiming at improving China's farmland water conservancy facilities supply efficiencies and accelerating agricultural modernization.

Key words: farmland water conservancy facilities, supply efficiency, SBM-Malmquist, Tobit model

摘要： 基于2009—2018年我国27个省（市、自治区）的面板数据，运用SBM-Malmquist方法评价各省份农田水利基础设施的供给效率及其变化情况，并通过Tobit模型分析其影响因素。实证研究表明：1）研究期内全国农田水利设施的供给效率整体呈下降趋势，从0.707下降至0.704，且区域间存在差异，华北>东北>华东>中南>西北>西南，研究期末仅华北和东北地区的效率值为1。2）我国农田水利设施供给的平均全要素生产率呈波动下降趋势，技术进步缓慢是全要素生产率下降的关键原因。3）地区经济状况和农田水利投资结构对农田水利设施供给效率有正向影响，回归系数分别为3.02和2.19，地区经济发展越好，农民对农田水利设施的投入比例越大，农田水利设施的供给效率越高；农民工资性收入比例和农村居民文盲率对农田水利设施供给效率有负向影响，农民的工资性收入比例高、文盲率高的地区，农民对农田水利设施供给的投入意愿低，农田水利设施的供给效率也相应较低。通过替换因变量、补充遗漏变量、子样本回归和滞后变量回归对回归结果进行检验，认为回归结果具有较好的稳健性。基于研究结论，提出了增大农田水利设施财政投资力度、提高农田水利设施供给的针对性、优化农村基层组织、鼓励农民参与等建议，以期提高我国农田水利设施的供给效率，加快推进农业农村现代化。

关键词: 农田水利设施, 供给效率, SBM-Malmquist, Tobit模型