资源与产业 ›› 2016, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 61-66.DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20160315.007

• 资源环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

盐城自然保护区景观演变特征及驱动机制研究

沈洁瑜,张娇,陆大培,张华兵   

  1. (盐城师范学院城市与规划学院,山东盐城224051)
  • 出版日期:2016-04-20 发布日期:2016-04-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410324010);江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划重点项目(201410324010Z);江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(13KJB170021)

SCENIC EVOLUTION AND DRIVING MECHANISM OF YANCHENG NATURAL RESERVE

SHEN Jieyu, ZHANG Jiao, LU Da-pei, ZHANG Hua-bing   

  1. (School of City and Planning,Yancheng Normal University, Yancheng 224051, China)
  • Online:2016-04-20 Published:2016-04-20

摘要: 盐城自然保护区是西太平洋海岸重要湿地自然保护区之一,对维护生物多样性和区域生态安全有着重要的作用。以盐城自然保护区核心区为研究对象,以1983年、1992年、2000年、2012年4个不同时期的遥感影像为基础,运用以GIS\\RS技术,结合景观生态学方法,分析江苏盐城国家级自然保护区景观演变特征及驱动力机制。结果表明:1)1983—2012年,保护区景观结构变化主要表现为米草沼泽和芦苇沼泽面积不断扩张,光滩和碱蓬沼泽面积明显萎缩。其中,芦苇沼泽和米草沼泽面积分别增加了8582%、51561%,碱蓬沼泽和光滩面积分别减少了8062%、6332%。2)1983—2012年,景观分维数从1052 3下降到1033 2,景观多样性指数从1291 7上升到1681 9,优势度由0654 2下降到0264 0,均匀度则由0663 8上升到0864 0,表明景观受到人为干扰逐渐增大,景观的斑块形状有着向规则化发展的趋势,景观多样化呈上升趋势。3)1983—2012年,保护区景观演替主要表现为光滩转变为米草沼泽,碱蓬沼泽转变为芦苇沼泽和米草沼泽。其中39 320 hm2的光滩转变为米草沼泽,12 447 hm2碱蓬沼泽转变为芦苇沼泽和米草沼泽。4)保护区景观演变受到自然的和人为双重因素作用。自然因素主要是海岸地貌过程、植被的自然演替以及互花米草的引入,人为因素包括人工恢复芦苇沼泽、拦水堤坝和中路港的修建以及政策导向。

关键词: 盐城自然保护区, 景观演变, 驱动机制, GIS\\RS

Abstract: Yancheng natural reserve, as one of wet lands of western Pacific, plays a key role in maintaining the biological diversity and regional ecology. This paper, based on the remote sensing images of 1983, 1992, 2000 and 2012, uses GIS/RS, and combined with scenic ecology to study the scenic evolution and mechanism of Yancheng natural reserve. The scenic structure changed by rising Reed marsh and Spartina marsh, up 85.82% and 515.61%, while by reducing Suaeda marsh and mudflat, down 80.62% and 63.32%, from 1983 to 2012. Fractal dimensions decreased from 1.052 3 to 1.033 2, scenic diversity rose from 1.291 7 to 1.681 9, dominance fell from 0.645 2 to 0.264 0, evenness rose from 0.663 8 to 0.864, indicating a rising human disturbance, a regulated developing patch shape and an increasing scenic diversity. Scenic evolution changes to Spartina marsh from mudflat by an area of 39 320 hm2, Reed marsh and Spartina marsh from Suaeda marsh by 12 447 hm2. Scenic evolution has been influenced by natural and human factors. Natural factors include coastal geomorphological process, succession of vegetation and involvement of Spartina, while human factors include artificial restoration of Reed marsh, dams, construction of ports and policies.

Key words: Yancheng natural reserve, scenic evolution, driving mechanism, GIS\RS

中图分类号: