考虑地区差异的光储充电站碳减排作用及经济效益分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 电动汽车的普及为交通低碳化转型提供了一种重要方式。然而，由于中国的化石燃料发电以燃煤发电为主，电动汽车行驶所带来的每公里碳排放仍相当于传统汽油车的54%-73%。随着分布式光伏的发展，光储充电站的用能模式被提出。光储充电站通过就地消纳分布式光伏发电，可以达到降低充电碳排放的效果。然而，中国各地区中光储充电站的碳减排作用有所不同，且目前仍缺乏系统性的评估和比较。本文结合了地理信息系统及光储充电站容量配置模型，分析了中国多地区光储充电站的碳减排作用及经济效益，并考虑了计入碳排放社会成本后的情况。结果显示，光储充电站可以在大部分省份减少电动汽车充电的碳排放且不增加经济成本。从全国平均水平看，光储充电站相比于仅从电网购电的普通充电站的碳排放少22.9%，在当前电动汽车保有量下每年最多可减少碳排放746万吨。同时，光储充电站还可以使充电的经济成本减少6.6%。在各地区中，光储充电站在在辽宁省的碳减排作用最好，在天津市的经济效益最好。此外，在配置光储充电站时计入碳排放社会成本可以进一步加强其碳减排作用，且仅轻微削弱其经济效益。

关键词: 电动汽车, 光伏发电, 光储充电站, 经济效益, 碳减排

Abstract: The popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) provides an important way for the low-carbon transformation of transportation. However, as China's fossil fuel power generation is mainly coal-fired, the carbon dioxide emissions per kilometer caused by electric vehicles are still equivalent to 54%-73% of conventional gasoline vehicles. With the development of distributed photovoltaics, the energy use model of photovoltaic-storage charging stations has been proposed. Photovoltaic-storage charging stations can reduce the carbon emissions of EV charging by consuming distributed photovoltaic power generation on the demand side. However, the carbon emission reduction effect of photovoltaic-storage charging stations varies across China, and there is still a lack of systematic evaluation and comparison. This paper combines geographic information systems and capacity allocation model of photovoltaic-storage charging station to analyze the economic benefits and carbon emission reduction effects of photovoltaic-storage charging stations in various regions of China and considers the influence of including the social cost of carbon emissions. The results show that photovoltaic-storage charging stations can reduce the carbon emissions of EV charging in most provinces without increasing economic costs. According to the national average, photovoltaic-storage charging stations have 22.9% less carbon than ordinary charging stations that only purchase electricity from the power grid. Up to 7.46 million tons of carbon emissions can be reduced under the current number of EVs. At the same time, the photovoltaic-storage charging stations can also reduce the economic cost of EV charging by 6.6%. Among the regions, the photovoltaic-storage charging stations have the greatest carbon emission reduction effect in Liaoning and the greatest economic benefit in Tianjin. In addition, taking into account the social cost of carbon emissions when building photovoltaic-storage charging stations can further enhance their carbon reduction effects while only slightly weakening their economic benefits.

Key words: electric vehicle, photovoltaic power, photovoltaic-storage charging station, Economic benefits, Carbon emission reduction

钟泽伟张荣达赵晓丽. 考虑地区差异的光储充电站碳减排作用及经济效益分析[J]. 资源与产业.

ZHONG Zewei, ZHANG Rongda, ZHAO Xiaoli. Carbon emission reduction and economic benefit analysis of photovoltaic-storage charging stations considering regional differences[J]. Resources & Industries.

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考虑地区差异的光储充电站碳减排作用及经济效益分析

Carbon emission reduction and economic benefit analysis of photovoltaic-storage charging stations considering regional differences

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