资源与产业 ›› 2013, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (5): 100-107.

• 资源环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

矿产资源开采土地损毁及复垦潜力分析

周 妍1,2,3,*,周 伟1,3,白中科1,3   

  1. (1 中国地质大学 土地科学技术学院,北京 100083; 2 国土资源部土地整治中心,北京 100035; 3 国土资源部土地整治重点实验室,北京 100035)
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-16 修回日期:2013-07-01 出版日期:2013-10-20 发布日期:2013-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 周妍(E-mail:zhouyan053991@163.com)
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41071349)

THE DAMAGED LANDS AND THEIR RECLAMATION POTENTIAL IN MINING DISTRICTS

ZHOU Yan1,2,3,*,ZHOU Wei1,3,BAI Zhong-ke1,3   

  1. (1School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; 2Land Consolidation Center, MLR, Beijing 100035, China; 3Key Laboratory of Land Recosolidation and Rehabilitation, MLR, Beijing 100035, China)
  • Received:2013-05-16 Revised:2013-07-01 Online:2013-10-20 Published:2013-10-20

摘要:

基于数理统计、典型调研、文献分析、专家咨询、趋势外推和区域类比等方法,测算了我国矿山开采损毁土地系数、可复垦率和复垦利用比例等参数,在此基础上测算和预测了2020年前我国矿山开采损毁土地的面积、待复垦损毁土地的面积以及土地复垦潜力。结果表明:1)我国井工煤矿开采平均土地损毁系数为0.31hm2/万t,露天煤矿开采土地损毁系数为0.10hm^2/万t,铁矿损毁土地系数0.30hm2/万t,每亿块砖损毁土地面积13.33hm2;2)至2020年我国矿产资源开采损毁土地面积预计达到806.60×104hm2,其中煤炭开采损毁土地面积最多,为233.93×10^4hm2,待复垦面积为120.20×104hm2,煤炭开采损毁土地可复垦为耕地、林草地、建设用地的面积分别为52.99×104 hm2、55.19×104 hm 2和12.20×104hm2;3)我国矿山开采损毁土地待复垦面积潜力较大,2020年前可复垦土地面积308.78×104hm2,其中可复垦为耕地面积148.83×104hm2,林草地面积125.31×104hm2,建设用地面积34.64×104hm2,煤炭开采损毁土地是农用地重点复垦潜力区。

关键词: 矿产资源开采, 土地损毁, 损毁面积, 复垦潜力

Abstract:

This paper, by means of employing statistics, cases, references, expert query, tendency extrapolation and regional analogy, estimates Chinas mine damaged land coefficient, restorable ratio and reclamation use proportion, and forecasts the damaged mine lands, lands pending for reclamation and reclamation potential. The results show: 1) the damaged land coefficient is 0.31hm^2/10^4t in underground coal mines, 0.10hm^2/10^4t in opencast coal mines,0.30hm^2/10^4t at iron mines, the damaged land area is 13.33hm^2 per 100million bricks; 2) Until 2020, the damaged mine land is estimated to amount to 806.60×10^4hm^2, of which the coal mines possess the most, up to 233.93×10^4hm^2,120.20×10^4hm^2 to be restored. The damaged coal mine land can be restored to farmland, grassland and construction, 52.99×10^4hm^2, 55.19×10^4hm^2, and 12.20×10^4hm^2, respectively; 3) Reclamation potential is big that a sum of 308.78×10^4hm^2 can be restored, of which 148.83×10^4hm^2 to farmland, 125.31×10^4hm^2 to grass or woods land, 34.64×10^4hm^2 to construction land. The damaged coal mine land is key to be restored to farmland.

Key words: mining, damaged land, damaged area, reclamation potential