Abstract: America and Russia are two energy giants, both are mature but featured in their energy strategies. This paper compares the two nations in their energy strategic structures from energy framework,locality politics and laws, discusses three points in reference to China,optimizing energy structure and actively involvement in global cooperation in energy pattern, and opening new energy markets, avoiding military diplomacy and taking union with fighting in locality politics, and paying attention on new energy legislation and expanding legislation range in energy framework.

Key words: energy strategy, energy pattern, locality politics, laws framework, America, Russia

摘要： 美国和俄罗斯是世界主要的能源大国，两国在能源战略制定上相对成熟又各具特色。采取对比分析法，分别从能源格局、能源的地缘政治和能源的法律框架3个角度对比分析了美国、俄罗斯两国的能源战略结构。探讨出对中国能源战略制定的3点启示：1）能源格局上，优化原有能源结构、积极参与国际合作；2）地缘政治上，积极开拓能源新市场、避免军事外交、采取既联合又斗争的策略；3）能源框架上，关注新能源立法、扩大能源立法范围。

关键词: 能源战略, 能源格局, 地缘政治, 法律框架, 美国, 俄罗斯