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Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select IMPROVING ALL-PEOPLE-OWNED NATURAL RESOURCES SUPERVISION SYSTEM: REALITY, THEORETICAL LOGICS AND APPROACHES YUAN Shuai, CHENG Jinhua, WANG Zhengyan, LI Guang, CHEN Jiaohao, GUO Yongying Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 1-9.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250307.001 Abstract （66）      PDF（pc） （1439KB）（20）       Knowledge map    Save Improving all-people-owned natural resource supervision system is the core content of constructing entrusting mechanism of all-people-owned natural resources ownership, and a key regime guarantee to advance eco-civilization construction and to realize Chinese-featured modernization. This paper, based on a research framework of “reality-system evolution-issues summary-theoretical logistics-approaches”, reviews the evolution of China's natural resources supervision system from its reality, and summarizes the structural conflicts of current supervision system, and analyzes the theoretical logistics and optimization approaches. China's current administrative supervision system has structural conflicts between internal and external supervision, congress supervision and judicial supervision, weak social supervision mechanism, all unfavorable for preserving or increasing the values of natural resources, and for maintaining an ecological security border. Improving supervision system needs to be aiming at internal requests of entrusting mechanism and based on clarifying responsibilities ownerships to coordinate central and local financing powers, boundary of government and market, balancing supervision costs and efficiency, and resolve the puzzle of supervision through responsibilities and stimulation. Improving natural resources supervision system needs to construct a five-in-one of “administrative supervision-audit supervision-congress supervision-jurisdictional supervision-public supervision”. Internal supervision needs to be collaborative with administrative supervision by means of construction supervision network across departments and clarifying the responsibilities of natural resources authorities. Audit supervision needs multiple dimensional audit index system and a smart audit system to realize a deep coupling between natural resources B&L and audit supervision. External supervision shall enforce congress's legal efforts by determining its supervision process and responsibilities through specific legislation. Judicial supervision needs to increase its authority by improving a linking mechanism between public interests' lawsuit system of natural resources and law enforcement. Public supervision shall be boosted by setting up information platform and independent supervision agents turning it from “campaigning style” to “legalized style”. Improving natural resources supervision system can help the entrusting dilemma in natural resource assets management and provide supports for reaching ecological civilization objectives and driving a quality development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select INTEGRATING EFFECTS AND INDUCED MOTIVATION OF CHINA'S PROVINCIAL DIGITAL INDUSTRIES AND MANUFACTURING ZHOU Lingling Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 10-23.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250218.001 Abstract （61）      PDF（pc） （1276KB）（10）       Knowledge map    Save Integration of China regional digital industries and manufacturing is a critical pivot for accelerating China's regional industrial upgrading, forming new developing pattern and realizing quality economy. This paper, viewing from perspective of new developing pattern, uses China's regional input output table in 2017 to construct an index of direct integration, entire integration and integration interaction from supply side which is used to measure their integrating effects of digital industries and manufacturing in China's provinces. From demand side, this paper establishes the direct & indirect induction of China's provincial digital industries to explore their induced motivation. Technical density of digital industries is positively related to manufacturing, the higher technologies of the manufacturing, the stronger demand it for digital products viewing from technical manufacturing. By provinces, their direct integration shows a gap with entire integration, higher integration in eastern coastal provinces, lower in central and western province, as a geographic pattern of “east-high-west-low”, driving of digital industries to manufacturing varies with provinces. From induced motivation, investment and exports work more on communication equipment, computers and other electronic devices, and consumption and investment more on “information transmission, software and information technical services”. This paper presents suggestions on boosting a deep integration of digital industries, diminishing “digital economic gap”, accelerating digital infrastructural construction, and advancing regional data elements flow, which drives China's provincial integration of digital economy with manufacturing to power development of new quality productivity. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select DIGITAL ECONOMY, INNOVATION ELEMENTS FLOWING AND REGIONAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT YIN Jingyu, FANG Lin, WANG Xinxin Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 24-33.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250126.001 Abstract （61）      PDF（pc） （1256KB）（7）       Knowledge map    Save This paper, based on digital economy and integrated development theory and provincial data, uses relative pricing method and multiple weighted evaluation to estimate 2007 to 2022 digital economic index and integrated development index, and applies spatial Dubin, threshold effect and mechanism effect models to verify the impacts and mechanism of digital economy on regional integrated development. Mechanism mode displays digital economy can promote regional integrated development through “innovation elements flowing”. Spatial accounting model shows digital economy plays a larger promoting role on regional integrated development in eastern and central areas than the siphon effect of central cities, but central cities in northeastern and western play siphon effect on their surrounding cities. Threshold effect model indicates that digital economy plays a different role on regional integrated development from synergy between “innovative materials flowing” and “innovative talents flowing” when digital economy serves as threshold variable. Digital economy has dual threshold effects; its synergy with innovative capital flowing plays a declining role on regional integrated development as digital economy is advancing under innovative capital flowing. Digital economy has a single threshold effect; its synergy with innovative talent flowing will limit regional integrated development if digital economy is at low intensity under innovative talent flowing, but it will be a promotion if digital economy is at high intensity. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select COUPLING COORDINATION BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL CONGLOMERATION AND NEW URBANIZATION IN ZHONGYUAN CITY CLUSTER MA Li, ZHANG Linyuan, LI Na Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 34-43.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250225.001 Abstract （47）      PDF（pc） （3725KB）（16）       Knowledge map    Save Zhongyuan City Cluster is located in the heartland of China's inland with industrial conglomeration advantages, which is one of key new national urbanization and is facing a key task how to realize “industries-drive-city & city-drive-industries”. This paper, taking Zhongyuan City Cluster of 29 prefectures as a case, establishes a coupling coordination evaluation system between industrial conglomeration and new urbanization of Zhongyuan City Cluster, and uses their 2001 to 2022 panel data and entropy method to evaluate their comprehensive development of industrial conglomeration and new urbanization. Coupling coordination model is applied to quantify their temporal-spatial evolution of coupling coordination, and obstacle model is employed to study the constraints impacting industry-city coupling coordination. During the study period, Zhongyuan City Cluster is developing well in its industrial conglomeration and new urbanization, but varying in provinces. In a time scale, their coupling coordination shows a swift from “lightly disordered” to “initial ordered”. Zhengzhou and Luoyang are leading in coupling coordination. Geographically, coupling coordination largely varies, showing a distribution pattern of “west-high-east-low & north-high-south-low”. Obstacles against their coupling coordination vary in a time scale include industrial density and structures which have been always a constraint, and spatial urbanization has been same constraint except the year of 2001. This paper presents suggestions on increasing comprehensive strength, intensifying regional competitiveness, boosting industrial upgrades led by central cities and optimizing urban layout, which can provide theoretical reference for an effective resources use and sustainable economy of Zhongyuan City Cluster.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select CARBON EMISSION FACTORS AND SCENARIO FORECASTS OF GUANGDONG-HONGKONG-MACAO BAY AREA YAO Xiaojian, WU Yuyuan Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 44-53.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250217.002 Abstract （45）      PDF（pc） （10368KB）（11）       Knowledge map    Save It is of significance for realizing the target of China's “Dual Carbon” to reveal the carbon emission factors and to precisely forecast carbon emission peak value and time. This paper selects 2010 to 2022 NPP-VIIRS night lighting data in Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Bay area (GHMB) to estimate their carbon emission of 11 cities, and uses Moran index to measure their temporal-spatial heterogeneities, and constructs a expanded STIRPAT model to study their carbon emission factors, and forecasts the 2022 to 2050 carbon emissions under 3 scenarios. GHMB generally shows a fluctuated rising trend in its carbon emission, but a declining in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, a fast growing trend in Huizhou and Jiangmen cities, suggesting different industrial developing modes and carbon emission controls. Carbon emission shows an obvious spatial concentrating, high in Guangzhou, low in Macao, from not outstanding to high in Huizhou. Population, urbanization and research & development investment are positive factors carbon emission, while GDP per capita, industrial structure and openness are negative ones. Carbon emission in developing and developed areas varies with GDP per capita and industrial structures. Carbon emission can not be effectively controlled under benchmark or fast growing scenarios, but effectively under carbon peaking scenario. This paper presents suggestions on switching to low-carbon industrial transformation in Huizhou and Jiangmen, on establishing carbon emission cooperation, on boosting research & development investments in clean energy and green technologies, making adaptive low carbon strategy and differentiated policies in coordinating population, economy and industrial structures so as to keep economic growth same pace with carbon emission reduction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select QUALITY DEVELOPMENT MEASUREMENT AND SPATIAL NETWORK EFFECTS OF MANUFACTURING IN WESTERN CHINA AOBULI Talipu, ZHAO Guangming, WUSIMAN Niyazi Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 54-65.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250220.001 Abstract （33）      PDF（pc） （10681KB）（7）       Knowledge map    Save This paper, based on 2015—2022 manufacturing data of 11 provinces in western China, uses Moran index and social network method to establish a manufacturing quality development correlated network combined with corrected gravity model, which is applied to analyze spatial network structures and evolution of western China's manufacturing. Moran index indicates outstandingly positive with quality development of western China's manufacturing, and stably. Sichuan and Chongqing shed strong radiation around their surrounding areas, Xinjiang trends to be independent, and Ningxia had long been at the marginal network before 2022. Corrected gravity model shows a rising density and overall efficiency of quality development spatial correlated network in western China. Increasing degree centrality, highly frequent inter-provincial communications, rising mediation centrality, and a balanced network structure suggest the quality development in western China's manufacturing be of vast spatial differentiation and imbalance with a shrinking gap. The overall strength of southwestern is stronger than northwestern due to its better economy and infrastructures which attract lots of productive elements driving the manufacturing. Sichuan and Chongqing as the engines for regional development play a strong leading role to their surrounding areas, and Shaanxi is also improving its influence, Xinjiang and Ningxia, underdeveloped, are gradually improving in regional cooperation and industrial transfer. Shanxi pushes its industrial upgrade through innovation, Ningxia accelerates new/old engines conversion via industrial upgrade, and Xinjiang advances in manufacturing, all grow with locally featured industries. Such strategies and practices provide solid supports for quality development of western China's manufacturing. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select PORT-CITY EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN LIAONING COASTAL ECONOMIC ZONE BASED ON NETWORK SBM-DEA ZHOU Baogang, YAN Yuqing, FENG Xinyu Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 66-76.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250217.001 Abstract （27）      PDF（pc） （1611KB）（5）       Knowledge map    Save To stress the importance of continuity of ports and cities' operation on their sustainability, this paper establishes a comprehensive compound system of port city, and uses SBM-DEA model which takes green GDP as desired output, environmental protection costs as green inputs, carbon dioxide emission as non-desired output to systematically evaluate productivity of port-city compound system of port cities in Liaoning province, and discusses its sustainability. Phased productivities of the overall Liaoning port city show that urban inputs/outputs conversion rate is largely higher than port. Productivities of port cities show a waving trend in a time range, suggesting a complexity and dynamic of port-city operation. SBM-DEA model suggests an insufficient “port-city” internal coordination. Dalian is a city of sustainability, Yingkou and Jinzhou of port sustainability, Panjin and Huludao of average sustainability, and Dandong of poor sustainability. This paper presents suggestions for each port city with the purpose of promoting a balanced, green and sustainable path in Liaoning's port cities. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select CLIMATIC CHANGE RISKS AND CHINESE ENTERPRISES' INVESTMENT EFFICIENCY YOU Di, YU Haozhen, HUANG Yong, DAI Guilin, YANG Chengye Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 77-96.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250303.001 Abstract （36）      PDF（pc） （1522KB）（5）       Knowledge map    Save As climate changes abruptly, climatic risks increasingly affect Chinese enterprises' investment efficiency. This paper uses Chinese A-listed companies' 2007 to 2022 data to establish an enterprise climatic risks index, and applies bi-directional fixed effect model to systematically study the impacts and mechanism of climatic risks on enterprises' investment efficiency. Climatic risks largely decrease enterprises' investment efficiency, still valid after stability tests and endogeneity tests, through accelerating agenting conflicts, operational risks, financing constraints and decreasing productivity which lead to over investment or insufficient investment indicated by mechanism analysis. Transformation risks negatively impact investment efficiency largely, but severe risks and slow risks impact a little. Economic aftermath shows that decreasing investment efficiency resulted by climatic risks further accumulate the risks of stock prices collapse. Digital transformation, green upgrades, media attention, and constraining executives may help mitigate the negative impacts of climatic risks on investment efficiency. This paper presents suggestions on incorporating climatic risks management into strategies to increase capabilities against risks, on optimizing internal structures to mitigate agenting conflicts and financing constraints, on boosting green and digital transformation to raise enterprises' climatic resilience so as to reach a sustainability. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select CARBON EMISSION REDUCTION AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF PHOTOVOLTAIC STORAGE CHARGING STATIONS IN CONSIDERATION OF GEOGRAPHIC VARIANCE ZHONG Zewei, ZHANG Rongda, ZHAO Xiaoli Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 97-114.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250226.001 Abstract （58）      PDF（pc） （4454KB）（6）       Knowledge map    Save Popular electric vehicles are becoming a meaningful way for low carbon transportation. China's electric production of fossil fuels is mostly from coal, and carbon emission per kilometer of electric vehicles amounts to 54% to 73% of the traditional gasoline vehicles. As distributed photovoltaic electricity develops, photovoltaic storage charging stations can reduce carbon mission for charging vehicles. However, their roles in reducing carbon emission vary across the country, which lacks a systematic evaluation and comparison. This paper uses GIS and capacities of photovoltaic storage charging stations to study their carbon emission reduction and economic benefits in consideration of carbon emission social costs. Photovoltaic storage charging stations can reduce carbon emission in charging vehicles with no added economic costs in most provinces, down by 22.9% compared with traditional charging from grid, up to 7460 kt of carbon dioxide given at the current electric vehicles amounts, and down by 6.6% in charging costs. Liaoning is doing a good job in carbon emission reduction through photovoltaic storage charging stations, and Tianjin obtains the best economic benefits. Carbon emission reduction can be further boosted if carbon emission social costs are considered only with slightly weakening its economic benefits. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select OVERVIEWS AND CONSOLIDATED FRAMEWORKS OF GREEN INNOVATION PAPERS BASED ON QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS WU Suming, CHENG Jiahao, DING Xiuhao Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 115-135.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250322.001 Abstract （96）      PDF（pc） （5341KB）（2）       Knowledge map    Save To overview the research advancements on green innovation in China, this paper, based on 1566 pieces of papers of CNKI database during 1998 to 2024, uses paper counts to analyze the developing trend of China's green innovation research, and clarifies its concept, methods and design under different perspectives, and establishes a consolidated framework of green innovation research according to a logic mode of “factors-mechanism-results”, and presents suggestions on deepening green innovation concept, developing a mature measuring way, and diversifying research approaches, and expanding mechanisms and marginal conditions under different viewing perspectives. Published paper counts on China's green innovation research have been climbing due to impacts of economy and policies with uneven distribution, bearing features of across-subjects. Major authors and organizations show a “core-scattering” distribution, less multiple researcher groups and across-regional cooperating organizations characterized by regions. Research hotspots cover its concept, causes, mechanisms and consequences and objectives, with subjects showing diversified scattering and of three evolutionary phases. 1998 to 2009 as concept forming period focusing on concept analysis and theoretical establishment of green innovation, 2010 to 2015 as policy-driven period on factors and consequences, and 2016 to present as diversified integrating period on diversifying research contents marked with 3 features in policy tools innovation, mechanism deepening analysis and technical-economic integration. Concepts of green innovation are defined from objectives, responsibilities, ranges and urgencies, showing compound values, penetrating responsibilities, multiple-dimensional structures and dynamic adaptation. Research approaches and designs involve cases, empirical and simulated analysis. The knowledge framework of green innovation is mainly composed of causes, processes and consequences, of which causes including external environment, individual and organizational levels, processes including mediating and adjusting effects, and consequences including ecological, economic and comprehensive benefits. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select TEXT MINING AND QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION POLICIES OF YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE: BASED ON TOPSIS-PMC INDEX MODEL ZHANG Hua, LIU Ning, LI Huajiao Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 136-148.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250225.002 Abstract （28）      PDF（pc） （2379KB）（5）       Knowledge map    Save As a presentative of large river ecological harness and quality development, eco-environmental protection of Yangtze River economic zone has received governmental much attention and has obtained achievements under policies with Xi's concept of “big-protection-not-big-development”, which need to be further studied their rationality and coverages. This paper uses 8 pieces of ecological protection policies of Yangtze River Economic Zone issued during 2016 to 2021, which are quantitatively assessed by means of text mining and TOPSIS-PMC index model and combined with PMC index and PMC curve. Macroscopically, PMC index of 8 pieces of sample policies has an average value at 7.11, above the excellent level, suggesting these policies are appropriate. Microscopically, the detailed indices of policies vary at their scores, some low suggesting there are issues, including lacks of coalition, lacks of unified protection of hill-water-forest-farmland-lake-grass-sand, lacks of protection codes and lacks of summary. This paper presents suggestions on diversifying ecological protection and harness responsibilities to establish a coordinated system for eco-environmental protection in Yangtze River Economic Zone, on constructing a comprehensive harness system across administrative divisions, and on erecting an exhibition platform for data openness and achievements of ecological protection in Yangtze River Economic Zone. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCES POLICIES OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE LIU Chennan, WANG Chao, LI Wenlong, YANG Shuwang, MA Tianyu Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 149-159.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250103.001 Abstract （28）      PDF（pc） （1670KB）（7）       Knowledge map    Save Mineral resources as a vital support to Heilongjiang's economy plays a critical role in local industrial and economic growth. To ensure their sustainability, Heilongjiang authorities have recently issued a series of mineral resource policies, which lacks a systematic assessment on their performances during execution. This paper uses multiple-dimensional data method to discuss the performance of mineral resources policies of Heilongjiang province. This study designed and dispatched questionnaires for different stakeholders, including mineral resource authorities, exploration units and mine entities with 489 pieces of valid returns. Questionnaires had been first validated with their reliabilities and effectiveness through confidence analysis which ensures their internal consistency, and through effectiveness analysis which verifies the accuracy and relativeness. This paper uses fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) and importance-performance analysis (IPA) to process data for a better understanding of executing performances of different policies. Heilongjiang's mineral resource policies acquire a higher rate in their performance, particularly on policy framework stability, supervision and appropriate mineral resources development. However, some perform poorly, i.e., overlapped issuing mineral rights management on same mineral leads to a low execution efficiency. Regulations regarding “net ore” issue lacks a determined operation standard, increasing complexities and uncertainties in mineral resources management. This paper presents suggestions for Heilongjiang's further mineral resources policies, which provides references in coordinated development among mineral resources management reform, mineral resources development and eco-environmental protection. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND MEASURES OF SCATTERING ABANDONED COAL MINES: A CASE STUDY ON WANGCANG'S YANZI TOWN COAL MINE GU Caiyu, YANG Yu, LIU Tao, YANG Hong, CAO Lu Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (3): 160-170.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241219.001 Abstract （35）      PDF（pc） （7838KB）（29）       Knowledge map    Save As economy grows, vast mining activities will inevitably destroy the local soil and eco-system during or after mining, and lead to occupation of farmlands and forests, and geological environmental issues like polluted air and waters, which threatens people's health and adversely affects eco-environment, attracting a high public attention. This paper, based on a case study on scattering abandoned coal mines in Wangcang county, discusses its geological environmental issues after coal mining, including destroyed forest, geological disasters, solid and water waste pollution. This paper also presents measures for the above issues with gaining practical benefits. The initial terrains holding abandoned wastes can be classified as planar, slope, concave and convex, of which gentle slope accumulation is the most. Slopes with abandoned wastes can be restored by hydraulic sprinkling, 3-dimensional vegetation net sprinkling, cutting, backfilling and consolidating. Geological disasters can be harnessed by “prevention-drainage-maintenance”. Water pollution can be resolved by physical & chemical processing, and ecological restoration. Waste gushing can be handled by clearing accumulates, building walls and drainages. Ecological restoration uses a combination of arbors (high plus low) plus vines plus grasses which technically increases stability and restoring capabilities of eco-system. Performance shows that the measures have largely improved the ecological environment in the mining area, with newly-increased farmland by 8.7 hm2, and forest by 480 hm2, vegetation restoring rate up to 70% from 30%, soil erosion rate down to 5% from 15%, multiple increase of environmental, social and economic benefits. Scientific management and technical innovation effectively mitigate the risks of geological disasters. This paper provides references for further harnessing abandoned mines for a concept of “green-water-blue-mountain-is-gold-silver-mountain”. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select GLOBAL REES RESOURCES AND GLOBAL REES MARKETS LI Yuwei Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 1-19.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250306.006 Abstract （59）      PDF（pc） （9687KB）（101）       Knowledge map    Save REEs resources are not only ranking atop in the global key minerals list, but also one of China's dominant minerals in the world.For a purpose of boosting China's REEs industry, this paper uses global REEs data to analyze their global resources and global markets.REEs are not rare.The major REEs deposit types, characterized by low mineralization and whole rock mineralization, are distribution globally with their reserves up to 110 million metric tonnes on land, more in the oceans.Exploration, production, process and trading of REEs resources shall be determined by pricing rules, rather that by geopolitics.The only direction to make a stronger global REEs industry is focus on globalization and marketization.Separation of REES has always been China's core technologies, making China's REEs concentrates dominate the most global market share.China may cancel refining restriction policies of imported REEs products when appropriate in the future, which cannot indirectly limit our competitors, but also maintain China's leading role in REEs separation technologies in the global REEs industry.China has huge amounts of scrapped vehicles, wind turbines, computers and cell phones containing REEs each year.In order to strengthen the recycling and reuse of mineral resources and promote high-quality economic and social development, China can adopt measures such as tax reduction and exemption for waste refining and recycling enterprises, and increase investment in research of waste refining and recycling technology, so as to achieve the purpose of continuously improving the secondary recycling rate of China's REEs resources.To catch up with the developing opportunities of the fourth industrial revolution and to continue China's dominance on global REEs industry, this paper puts forward suggestions on developing new REEs products as one growing approach to enlarging China's REEs industrial scale, developing new rare earth functional materials as a strong driving force to enhance the strength of China's REEs industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND DPSIR MODEL EVALUATION OF RESOURCE BASED CITIES BASED ON A CASE STUDY OF XUZHOU CONSTRUCTING NATIONAL  SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA INNOVATION DEMONSTRATION ZONE LIU Zezhao, ZHAI Yunjing Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 20-31.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250306.004 Abstract （42）      PDF（pc） （1283KB）（16）       Knowledge map    Save To study how to push sustainable development of resource-based cities, this paper uses DPSIR model with 17 UN-issued SDGs as evaluation indicators to establish an evaluation index system of sustainable development of resource-based cities, which is applied to study the sustainable development of resource-based cities and the evaluation of DPSIR model based on a case study of Xuzhou constructing national sustainable development agenda innovation demonstration zone, and to study their coupling coordination among five sub-systems in DPSIR model.During constructing national sustainable development agenda innovation demonstration zone, Xuzhou boosts a green industrial upgrading, actively implements expansion of new industries and increment of traditional industries under a dual-powered strategy of advanced manufacturing and modern servicing, which escalates Xuzhou's new industrial system and enhances its industrial competitiveness.Sustainable development of resource-based cities is a compound system composed of interrelated economy, society and environment, and requires a good coupling coordination between the sub-systems and their indicators of the DPSIR model.In the driving force subsystem (D) and pressure subsystem (P) of DPSIR model, the evaluation indexes of output energy consumption and unemployment rate have a negative effect on the sustainable development of Xuzhou city, which can be offset by reducing unit energy consumption and increasing employment in Xuzhou. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, GREEN INNOVATION AND HEAVILY POLLUTING ENTERPRISES' GREEN TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ZHANG Qian, XING Zhihua Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 32-45.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.2025031 Abstract （46）      PDF（pc） （1127KB）（37）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the relationship between digital transformation, green innovation and green total factor productivity of heavily polluting enterprises, as well as the moderating role of corporate governance among the three, this paper, based on the 2010-2022 data of China's A-listed heavily polluting enterprises, uses SBM-Malmquist index to estimate green total factor productivity of enterprises, and establishes a quantitative model to study the impacts of digital transformation on green total factor productivity of enterprises.A mediation test model and an adjustment test model are constructed to explore the mediating role of green innovation level between digital transformation level and green total factor productivity of enterprises, and the moderating effect of corporate governance level between digital transformation level, green innovation level and green total factor productivity of enterprises.This paper also verifies heterogeneity in enterprises' ownership, financing constraints and sectors.A positive correlation exists between digital transformation and green total factor productivity of enterprises, suggesting digital transformation can largely improve green total factor productivity of heavily polluting enterprises.Digital transformation can improve the green innovation level of enterprises, and the green innovation level plays a partial mediation role between the digital transformation level and the green total factor productivity of enterprises.The level of corporate governance plays a positive moderating effect between the level of digital transformation and the level of green innovation, that is, improving the level of corporate governance can strengthen the role of digital transformation in improving the level of green innovation, which can also improve the green total factor productivity of heavily polluting enterprises.The digital transformation of state-owned heavily polluting enterprises will play a greater role in improving green total factor productivity of enterprises than that of non-state-owned heavily polluting enterprises, and the digital transformation of heavily polluting enterprises with low financing constraints will play a greater role in improving green total factor productivity of enterprises than that of heavily polluting enterprises with high financing constraints.The digital transformation of non-manufacturing heavily polluting enterprises will play a greater role in improving the green total factor productivity of enterprises than that of manufacturing heavily polluting enterprises. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ENTERPRISE GREEN INNOVATION ZHANG Qian, XING Zhihua Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 46-59.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250306.005 Abstract （48）      PDF（pc） （1156KB）（145）       Knowledge map    Save To study the impacts of environmental regulation on enterprise green innovation and roles/mechanism of artificial intelligence between environmental regulation and enterprise green innovation, this paper, based on 2000 to 2019 data of China's A-listed manufacturers, uses bi-directional fixed effect model to their relation among environmental regulation, artificial intelligence and enterprise green innovation.Environmental regulation can dramatically improve enterprise green innovation, which also can be boosted by applying artificial intelligence through mitigating enterprise financing constraints, increasing whole element productivity and saving laboring costs.Environmental regulation cannot improve the green innovation level of state-owned enterprises, but the application of artificial intelligence can enhance the role of environmental regulation in improving the green innovation level of state-owned enterprises.Environmental regulation can improve the green innovation level of non-state-owned enterprises, and the application of artificial intelligence can enhance the role of environmental regulation in improving the green innovation level of non-state-owned enterprises.Environmental regulation cannot improve the green innovation level of small-scale enterprises, and the application of artificial intelligence cannot enhance the role of environmental regulation in improving the green innovation level of small-scale enterprises.Environmental regulation can improve the green innovation level of large-scale enterprises, and the application of artificial intelligence can enhance the role of environmental regulation in improving the green innovation level of large-scale enterprises.Environmental regulation cannot improve the level of green innovation of labor-intensive enterprises, and the application of artificial intelligence cannot enhance the role of environmental regulation in improving the green innovation level of labor-intensive enterprises.Environmental regulation can improve the green innovation level of capital-intensive enterprises, and the application of artificial intelligence can enhance the role of environmental regulation in improving the green innovation level of capital-intensive enterprises.Environmental regulation cannot improve the green innovation level of technology-intensive enterprises, but the application of artificial intelligence can enhance the role of environmental regulation in improving the green innovation level of technology-intensive enterprises. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select URBAN SIZE AND VALUE CHAIN RESILIENCE OF INTEGRATED CIRCUIT INDUSTRY BASED ON A CASE STUDY OF THE BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI URBAN AGGLOMERATION LIU Jianzhao, LU Haixin Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 60-68.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250306.001 Abstract （26）      PDF（pc） （1229KB）（7）       Knowledge map    Save Cities‘ roles on value chain resilience of integrated circuit industry vary with their sizes.To understand their relationship, this paper establishes a linkage between urban size and value chain resilience of integrated circuit industry, based on a case study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, and uses fixed effect least squares estimation model to deeply elucidate impacts of urban size on value chain resilience of integrated circuit industry.Impact coefficients of urban size on  value chain resilience of integrated circuit industry are at 0.278 4 in ultra-large cities, 0.243 7 in large cities, and 0.146 0 in type I cities, significant at the 5% or 10% level, suggesting a larger urban size can increase value chain resilience of integrated circuit industry.Impact coefficients of enterprise scale, profitability and operational capabilities are at 0139 5, 0.074 3 and 0.043 1, respectively, significant at the 1% or 10% level, indicating they all play a positive impacting role on the value chain resilience of the integrated circuit industry.Ultra-large cities’ interaction with enterprise scale produces a positive role with coefficient at 0.144 1 on value chain resilience of integrated circuit industry, while large cities and type I cities are at 0.193 5 and 0.215 2,  it is indicated that the positive impact of the interaction term between the urban size and the enterprise scale on the resilience of the value chain of the integrated circuit industry will gradually weaken as the urban size expands. Ultra-large cities‘ interaction with enterprise profitability plays a positive role at 0.145 6 on value chain resilience of integrated circuit industry, while large cities and type I cities are at -0.214 5 and -0.287 3,  it shows that the positive impact of the interaction term between the urban size and the profitability of enterprises on the resilience of the value chain of  the integrated circuit industry will gradually increase as the urban scale expands. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select EVALUATION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF LOW CARBON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT LI Yu, BI Lanxia Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 69-76.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250306.003 Abstract （32）      PDF（pc） （1101KB）（6）       Knowledge map    Save The Yangtze River Economic Belt, as one of China‘s vital agricultural producing bases, impacts the performances of China’s “dual carbon” strategy by its low carbon agricultural development.To study the developing status and issues of low carbon agriculture in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt so as to provide references for China‘s low carbon agriculture, this paper establishes an evaluation system index and uses entropy method to estimate its low carbon agricultural development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and applies fixed effect model to reveal the influencing factors.Low carbon agricultural development level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows a fluctuating rising trend from 2012 to 2021, with continuously climbing carbon index gaining a highest score among three tier 1 indicators, suggesting a good control over carbon emission from agriculture.The Yangtze River Economic Belt has gained a relatively low output index from 2012 to 2021, still in rising trend, meaning a growing agricultural producing efficiency and outputs.Its energy index gained a declining trend from 2012 to 2021, indicating that fossil energy consumption has been rising, renewable energy has been used less, leading to a negative impact on low carbon agricultural development.Among all factors impacting low carbon agricultural development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, economic development, planting productive structure, scientific and technological innovation input, agricultural producing efficiency and urbanization play a positive role, but agricultural staffing amount plays negatively. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select COUPLING TEMPORAL-SPATIAL EVOLUTION BETWEEN ECOLOGICAL SECURITY AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA（CHONGQING SECTION） PENG Guochuan, CAO Jiameng, SHEN Na, GUAN Dongjie Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 77-91.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250306.002 Abstract （45）      PDF（pc） （10107KB）（5）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the coupling relationship between ecological security and food security, this paper, taking the Three Gorges Reservoir Area（Chongqing Section）as a case, establishes an evaluation index system of coupling coordination between ecological security and food security and an evaluation model, which is used to estimate ecological security index and food security index and to study their temporal-spatial evolution.A driving factor model is built to measure gray correlation of indicators in ecological security system and food security system, and to analyze their impacts in their systems.A coupling coordination model and relative development model are constructed to study the temporal-spatial evolution and relative development of coupling coordination between ecological security system and food security system.Ecological security level in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area（Chongqing Section）shows a fluctuating declining trend from 2000 to 2020, with its index dropping to 0.379 in 2020 from 0.411 in 2000, suggesting a growing pressure on its ecological security.The food security index also dropped from 0.363 in 2000 to 0.314 in 2020, indicating food security in an unfavorable status.Among evaluation indicators of ecological security system, farmland per capita and urbanization rate largely impact ecological security, GDP per capita and agricultural/forests/water expenditure play a secondary role.Among evaluation indicators of food security system, GDP of the first industry and gross crops production greatly affect food security, unit farmland pesticide use and unit food farmland consumption are the secondary factors.Their coupling coordination degree between ecological security system and food security system in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area（Chongqing Section） shows a fluctuating decreasing trend from 2000 to 2020, from 0.419 in 2000 to 0.405 in 2020 with the development stages of coupling coordination are grinding-in stage >in confliction state >in coordinated stage.The relative development types of ecological security system and food security system of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area（Chongqing Section） have five categories from 2000 to 2020, low coordination, low grinding-in, high coordination, high confliction, and high grinding-in, and relative development is characterized by ecological security synchronous with, behind or preceding food security. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select SPATIAL CORRELATION NETWORK EVOLUTION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY IN THE YANGTZE RIVER DELTA AREA WANG Meng, ZHANG Xinlin Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 92-105.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250310.001 Abstract （27）      PDF（pc） （6534KB）（4）       Knowledge map    Save To study the spatial correlation network of ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Area, this paper, based on 2010 to 2021 spatial panel data of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta Area, uses Super-EBM model to measure their ecological efficiency from 2010 to 2021, and analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Area in 2010, 2015 and 2021, and applies calibrated gravity model to estimate cities' eco-efficiency correlating strength in the Yangtze River Delta Area, not only analyzes the evolution characteristics of the spatial correlation network of eco-efficiency in this area, but also explores the structural characteristics of the correlation network of the whole space and the individual space of eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Area by using social network analysis method.This paper also uses QAP regression analysis to study the factors that affect the spatial correlation network of eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Area.Temporal-spatial evolution of ecological efficiency shows that ecological efficiency value of the Yangtze River Delta Area cities did not reach the effective status in 2010 with a diminishing distribution from margin to inner geographically.It climbs a bit in most cities in 2015, but still leaving a gap to effectiveness, geographically distributing east-high-west-low, north-high-south-low.Ecological efficiency value had commonly been increased in the Yangtze River Delta Area cities in 2021, in terms of space, the cities with high ecological efficiency value are converging to Shanghai and Nanjing.From 2010 to 2021, the spatial correlation intensity of ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Area has been improved to a certain extent, and the spatial correlation network of ecological efficiency has shown a trend of change from non-equilibrium to equilibrium development on the whole, and formed a spatial correlation network pattern with cities in southern Jiangsu as the core.Degree centrality value of southern Jiangsu cities has always been high in 2010 and in 2021, but low in northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu, and southwestern Zhejiang cities.Closeness centrality value centralities of southern and central Jiangsu cities have been high in 2010 and in 2021, but low in northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu and eastern Zhejiang cities.Betweenness centrality value of southern Jiangsu and southern Anhui cities have always been high in 2010 and in 2021, but low in northern and southern Yangtze River Delta cities. Geographic proximity and urbanization positively affect the spatial correlation network of ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Area, but economic development level, technological innovation level play a negative role, and local financial expenditures have no impacts. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select HIDDEN ELECTRICITY TRANSFER IN INDUSTRIAL SECTORS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER DELTA AREA:AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON IOA AND SPA METHODS ZHAO Weibo, ZHOU Yin, WANG Yang, WEI Yusi, LUO Zhiwei, QIU Min, JI Ling Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 106-117.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250310.003 Abstract （23）      PDF（pc） （6991KB）（5）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the hidden electricity transfer in industrial sectors in the Yangtze River Delta Area, this paper uses the electrical consumption data in the Yangtze River Delta Area to establish a multiple-regional input-output table in 2017, and applies input-output and structural path analysis methods to study the hidden electricity transfer in provinces and in industrial sectors, and hierarchical path decomposition of the industrial chain of hidden electricity transfer.In 2017, Jiangsu is the major province both receiving and outputting hidden electricity, ranking it at the core in the hidden electricity network in the Yangtze River Delta Area playing a crucial role in allocating and transferring electricity. In 2017, Anhui is the main output province of hidden electricity in the Yangtze River Delta Area，Zhejiang is the input province of hidden electricity in the Yangtze River Delta Area. In 2017, Shanghai is the transfer station of hidden electricity in the Yangtze River Delta Area, and its output and input of hidden electricity are basically equal.In 2017, the most important hidden electricity transfer path between provinces in the Yangtze River Delta Area was from Jiangsu to Zhejiang, with an electrical transfer volume of 3.724 17 billion kW·h，next is from Anhui to Jiangsu, with an electrical transfer volume of 2.285 51 billion kW·h.In 2017, among industrial sectors, construction is the largest hidden electricity consuming sector in the Yangtze River Delta Area with a hidden electrical consumption up to 111.954 billion kW·h, followed by manufacturing with 88.576 billion kW·h.The hidden electrical input-output across the four provinces forms a complementary relation that supports the economy with hidden electricity, and helps their industrial division and cooperation, favorable for driving an industrial synergy among the four provinces in the Yangtze River Delta Area and reducing the economic gaps, and further for boosting regional economic integration.In 2017, the ultimate demand for hidden electricity in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui was gross fixed capital formation, but Shanghai was urban residents' consumption. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION MEASURES AND COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ABANDONED MINES BASED ON A CASE STUDY OF XINGRONG SHALE MINE IN WANGCANG COUNTY GU Caiyu, YANG Yu, LIU Tao, LONG Yanmei Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 118-124.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250306.007 Abstract （29）      PDF（pc） （3548KB）（5）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the ecological restoration measures and comprehensive development of China's abandoned mines, this paper, based on a case study of Xingrong shale mine, in Wangcang county, Guangyuan city, Sichuan province, studies its ecological restoration and comprehensive development.The mine had been ecologically restored in a way of “site harness+slope hazards harness+vegetation” that not only cleared the piled wastes, but also conducted geological hazards prevention on slopes with anchored nesting, beaming and slope draining, and vegetation had also been restored via slope backfilling and hole filling.Now the mine has a restored mine area up to 25.05 hm2, basically reaching the restoration objectives.The abandoned brick kiln within the mine had been transformed into an industrial heritage resort with cultural exhibition & innovation, featured foods and entertainments，which not only boosts the growth of industrial heritage tourism, but also drives the picking events in Hongya village's Xianju bayberry industrial park in every June.Its abandoned factory buildings located at mine slope had been converted into 12 bayberry frozen-storage warehouses with an area of 420 square meters.The mine heritage site now has become a comprehensive servicing center of bayberry whole industrial chain with freezing logistics, featured foods, bayberry products exhibition and cultural innovation, which largely powers the growth of Hongya village's bayberry industry.The case of Xingrong shale mine's ecological restoration and comprehensive development which combines industrial heritage tourism with featured agricultural planting forms a localized cultural resort with touring, picking and cultural innovation, and dramatically improves Wangcang county's tourism attraction and reputation as well, a showcase of interaction between ecological construction and economical development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select MULTIPLE DIMENSIONAL FEATURES QUANTITATIVE IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CAPABILITIES OF POWER GRID ENTERPRISES UNDER B/S STRUCTURE YANG Xuesong, YU Haifeng, XIA Liang, WANG Fei, YAN Ronghua Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 125-134.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250310.002 Abstract （25）      PDF（pc） （1237KB）（3）       Knowledge map    Save A combination of B/S structure with quantitative identification of multiple dimensional features can not only effectively quantify multiple dimensional features of environmental protection capabilities of power grid enterprises, but also improve their constituting elements.This paper uses B/S structure to construct a technical framework for power grid enterprises in quantitative identification of environmental protection capabilities and a multiple dimensional features system, and studies the multiple dimensional features quantitative  identification method for power grid enterprises' environmental protection capabilities, whose feasibility is validated through a case study of Fujian Power Company. This method can not only clearly show the using status of multiple dimensional features data of power grid enterprises' environmental protection capabilities, but also let users download, rename or delete data, proving that the research method created in this paper can effectively manage multiple dimensional features data of environmental protection capabilities of power grid enterprises.In this paper, fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to construct a multiple dimensional features system of power grid enterprises' environmental protection capabilities.Through multiple dimensional features cluster analysis, it is tested that the system has a good advantage in the comprehensiveness of the definition of the feature indicators of power grid enterprises' environmental protection capabilities, and a good construction effect is obtained.Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be used to measure the weights of each feature of the environmental protection capabilities of power grid enterprises.Then, after combining the weight of each feature with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, through the environmental protection capabilities identification unit of the application layer of the power grid enterprises' environmental protection capabilities identification technology framework constructed in this paper, this method can not only divide the quantitative identification level of multiple dimensional features of the environmental protection capabilities of power grid enterprises, but also identify the multiple dimensional features quantitatively.This paper takes State Grid Fujian Power Company as an example to carry out the verification of the B/S feature quantitative identification method created.Its four tier 1 features, environmental protection investing capability, profitability, developing capability and managing capability, reach the premium level by their quantitative scores, suggesting that Fujian Power Company has a high capability in environmental protection, and validating the method's effectiveness and practicability as well. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select VIEWS AND SUGGESTIONS ON USES OF PROVINCIAL EXPLORATION FUNDS IN CHINA ZHEN Yi Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (2): 135-142.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20250311.001 Abstract （22）      PDF（pc） （1306KB）（3）       Knowledge map    Save China's provincial geological exploration funds were established by provinces aiming at exploration discoveries with focusing on key minerals and in major metallogenetic zones at their initial exploitation.Since their establishment in 2004, provincial geological exploration funds have been focused on guaranteeing national minerals security, dramatically financially aided geological exploration works on key minerals and in major metallogenetic zones, which plays a critical role in China's exploration discoveries and increasing resources. This paper takes the provincial geological exploration funds in China as the starting point, sorts out and studies its establishment, adjustment, operation, results and benefits.Provincial geological exploration funds greatly promote China's geological exploration, mainly including implementing the national mining work deployment, promoting China's mining industry to achieve fruitful results, attracting social capital to diversify investments in provincial geological exploration funds, playing a guiding role in China's geological exploration, and bearing exploration risks.Some issues also exist pending for improvements, mainly including provincial geological exploration funds have been decreased largely，and disadvantages in the current resources administrative system result in a lagging “commercial following” of geological exploration projects funded by provincial geological exploration funds, thus blocking social capital into geological exploration.China's budget managing ways of geological exploration funds and other factors make profits of provincial geological exploration funds hard to be converted into reinvestments in a short term, constraining the recycling and sustainability of provincial geological exploration funds. Uncertainties in supports, investing sizes and investing modes of provincial financial authorities on provincial geological exploration funds lead to lack of stable fund sources in provincial geological exploration funds. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select OVERVIEWS AND OUTLOOK FOR “RESOURCE CURSE” HYPOTHESIS KANG Jing Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 1-10.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241107.001 Abstract （312）      PDF（pc） （1223KB）（48）       Knowledge map    Save At the initial stage of economic development, abundance of natural resources is normally regarded as a favorable factor for economic growth. However, not all economies can obtain sustainable development by their natural resources. Economies of areas with abundant resources have declined due to their resources, falling into a growth trap. This is so-called “resource curse” hypothesis. To clarify if natural resources are either a “curse” or a “drive” to economic growth, researchers have done lots of work on theories and practices. One prevailing viewpoint is that development of natural resources adversely affects economy through “squeezing” the core elements of economic growth. Some statistical models from different perspectives verify that abundance of natural resources trend to hinder economic growth, leading to issues such as worsening environment, simple industry and uneven distribution. It attracts lots of attentions to the relation among resources, environment and sustainable development. “Resource curse” hypothesis is becoming a research hotspot in development economics and regional economics. This paper overviews the “resource curse” hypothesis, analyzes the research advances from origin, evolution, connotation, theoretical explanation and cases, and finds out that natural resources impact economy not in a simply linear way, but in a non-linear way, which has been widely agreed by researchers. Explanations of controlling variables of “resources curse” are variable, but it is agreed that resource dependence is negative to economy, and the higher dependence, the more subject to “resource curse”. The future research should be focused on endogeneity of key variables, selecting appropriate tool variables, samples and methods to increase robustness of conclusion of “resource curse” hypothesis. This paper presents suggestions on exploring causes and mechanisms of “resource curse” in China and attempting new path to transformation in resource-based areas against “resource curse” Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select IMPACTS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON PROVINCIAL GREEN WATER RESOURCES USE EFFICIENCY BASED ON SYSTEM GMM MODEL TESTS ZHANG Jie, ZHAO Xiangyang, PANG Qinghua, ZHANG Chenjun Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 11-21.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241015.001 Abstract （132）      PDF（pc） （1391KB）（40）       Knowledge map    Save To reveal the relationship between digital economy and green water resources use efficiency, this paper selects the panel data of China's 31 provinces (excluding Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan) from 2012 to 2022 to establish a non-expected output SBM-DEA model which is used to calculate their green water resources use efficiencies, and applies principal component analysis to measure their provincial digital economic levels, and employs GMM model to study their causality. Green water resources use efficiency is significantly positively impacted by digital economy, positively by economic level, financial concentration and marketing level, negatively by manufacturing level. Robustness test based on four methods, explanatory variables remeasurement, tail-shrinking treatment, removal of municipalities, and shortening sample years, suggests that the outstanding levels and polarity of coefficients of key explanatory variables remain unchanged, meaning a robust conclusion that digital economy promotes green water resources use efficiency. Regional heterogeneity test shows that the impacting effect of digital economy is more significant in eastern areas than in western and central areas. Mediating effect test reveals that structural level changes of three industries variably impact green water resources use efficiency, among which structural upgrading of the first and the second industries plays a mediating role in promoting green water resources use efficiency. This paper presents suggestions on securing industrial structural stabilities and applying differentiated digital economic strategies, on boosting infrastructural construction of digital economy and intensifying talents education, and on increasing R&D inputs and applying comprehensive measures to upgrade digital economy. This conclusion is of significance for driving digital economic development, raising green water resources use efficiency and promoting China's high-quality economy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select DIGITAL ECONOMY AND INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURAL UPGRADING: THEORETICAL LOGIC AND EMPIRICAL TEST Maynur, MA Jiyue Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 22-34.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241210.001 Abstract （323）      PDF（pc） （1226KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save Digital economy has become a significant engine for new quality productivity, and also a major drive for China-style modernization. It empowers China's industrial structural upgrading through its talents'attracting effect and digital outflowing effect. This paper uses 2010 to 2021 panel data of China's 31 provinces (municipalities and prefectures) to establish a dual-directional fixed effect model and mediating model, which are employed to empirically test the impacting mechanism of digital economy on industrial structural upgrading, providing theoretical references for digital economy to empower coordinated development of regional economy. Digital economy positively drives industrial structural upgrading, validated through endogeneity processing and robustness test, outstandingly for efficiency of industrial structure upgrading. Digital economy promotes industrial structural upgrading mainly through developing human capital potential and raising technical innovative efficiency. Technical innovation has heterogeneity in its effects, but all showing a positive promotion in three industries above specific technical threshold. Regional heterogeneity test indicates the impact of digital economy on industrial structural upgrading is outstanding in eastern area, but weak in central and western areas. Digital economy is not only the key drive to industrial structural upgrading, but also a critical factor to coordinated development of regional economy. This paper presents suggestions on cultivating human capital, inputting technical innovation to improve productivity and promoting the deep integration of digital economy and real economy during high-quality digital economic construction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select IMPACTS AND PATHWAYS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON GREEN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LI Xiaofei, ZHUANG Shiying Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 35-49.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241113.001 Abstract （159）      PDF（pc） （1193KB）（38）       Knowledge map    Save  Digital economy and green economy are two main directions leading China's economy to structural transformation, and also major drives to China's high-quality economy and sustainable development. Digitalization helps green economy a lot, but its accompanying energy consumption and carbon emission are still issues. This paper, based on panel data of China's 30 provinces, municipalities and prefectures from 2012 to 2022, measures their digitalization and green economic development levels, and reveals the mechanism and factors of digitalization level on green economic development. Digital economy shows a non-linear U-shaped relationship with green economic development, negatively affecting green economic development at the initial stage but positively in later stages, which has been validated through robustness test. The U-shaped relationship is remarkable in northern China, but not in the south. During the development of digital economy, reduced carbon emission intensity, optimized electricity consuming structure, and increased residents' income indirectly play a positive role to green economy. Environmental regulations and green technical innovation play a significant adjusting role in the U-shaped relationship. This paper presents suggestions on boosting governmental supports for green digital infrastructural construction, encouraging firms to develop green and power-saving technologies, and planning to integrate digital economy into green economy, widely applying smart grid and energy management system to increase energy use efficiency, intensifying carbon emission supervision to reach mutual benefits in economy and environment, developing digital economy to create high-quality employment, increasing residents' income to promote green consumption, stimulating green technical innovation and application, and implementing environmental laws and regulations to drive green economy Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select IMPACTS OF GREEN FINANCING ON CARBON EMISSION LEVELS BASED ON DUAL PERSPECTIVES OF QUANTITY AND QUALITY LIANG Yuan, ZHOU Juanmei, WU Yunxia Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 50-62.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241115.001 Abstract （244）      PDF（pc） （1422KB）（30）       Knowledge map    Save  To reach the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality needs to diversify policies and management, during which green financing as a product closely connected to low carbon economy plays an irreplaceable role. It is necessary to reveal how green financing impacts gross carbon emission and carbon emission intensity, and how to realize the dual control target of carbon emission quantity and quality. This paper, based on panel data of China's 30 provinces from 2009 to 2021, uses entropy to measure green financing, and establishes a multiple regression model to estimate the impacts of green financing on carbon emission from perspectives of theory and cases. Industrial structural upgrading and marketization level are selected as mediating variable and moderating variable to construct a mediating effect model and a moderating effect model to test the mechanism of green financing impacting gross carbon emission and intensity. Results show a strong negative relation between green financing and gross carbon emission and intensity, which is confirmed by robustness tests of lagging explanatory variables, changing sample volumes, replacing explained variables and changing time zones. Industrial structural upgrading plays a mediating role during green financing impacting carbon emission and intensity. Green financing pushes industrial structural upgrading, and further helps reduce carbon emission and increase carbon efficiency. Marketization level positively adjusts the relation between green financing and carbon emission. The higher marketization level, the stronger negatively impacting of green financing on gross carbon emission and intensity. Green financing's synergism of reducing emission and increasing efficiency plays a more important role in central-western, resources-based provinces, and government highly-intervened areas compared to eastern, non-resources-based provinces, and government lowly-intervened areas. This paper presents suggestions on optimizing green financing system, fulfilling low-carbon transformation of industrial structures, intensifying regional exchange, persisting in governmental administration and marketing, further boosting green financing to realize sustainable development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select SUPPLY-DEMAND FORECAST AND SUPPLY-SECURING MEASURES OF CLEAN ENERGY MINERAL PROCESSING PRODUCTS BASED ON A CASE STUDY ON LITHIUM, COBALT AND NICKEL YI Xinghua, WANG Xiaoxiao, CHENG Jinhua, HU Songqin Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 63-76.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241204.001 Abstract （86）      PDF（pc） （1478KB）（58）       Knowledge map    Save Forecasting supply/demand of clean energy critical mineral processing products and exploring the effective ways to raise supply-securing level of critical mineral processing products are of significance to guarantee and stabilize industrial chain and supply chain of critical minerals in China. This paper, aiming at the clean energy critical mineral processing products of lithium, cobalt and nickel, applies grey forecasting model, ARIMA model and a combined model based on entropy to forecast China's market supply/demand trend of clean energy critical mineral processing products from 2023 to 2030. Entropy-based combined model works excellently in market supply/demand of lithium, cobalt and nickel with dramatically improved forecasting precision compared to single model. In consideration of recycling resource contribution, it is forecasted that the demand for lithium and cobalt processing products will reach 153.74×10.4 t and 25.34×10.4 t in 2030, and the supply will be 183.56×10.4 t and 23.36×10.4 t, basically reaching a supply/demand balance, but with potential disturbance from technical innovation. As for nickel processing products, without considering the recycling resource, there will be a conflicted demand/supply, suggesting China should take immediate actions to secure domestic nickel processing products supply to guarantee sustainable development. Suggestions are presented for the three critical minerals. For lithium, China should prioritize research and application of deep brine lithium extraction technologies, promote the “oil-lithium co-exploration” model, and intensify technical innovation to reduce reliance on imports and mitigate market volatility risks. As for cobalt resource, recycling economy is the key way by intensifying cobalt recycling research and application and by increasing overall use efficiency to relieve mining pressure. As for nickel resource, it suggests China cooperate with “the Belt and Road” countries in overseas investment and production by diversifying importing sources, and boost domestic nickel exploration and development to ensure stability and security of nickel supply chain Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select MECHANISM AND EFFECT OF FIRMS' ENVIRONMENTAL HARNESS ON GREEN INVESTORS FROM PERSPECTIVE OF INVESTORS' DECISION MAKING XIAO Jianzhong, LI Weiwei, WEN Yang Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 77-91.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241209.001 Abstract （181）      PDF（pc） （1243KB）（18）       Knowledge map    Save  Issuing green financing policies and enlarging green investing market attract lots of green investors accompanying with “greenwashing”. This paper, aiming at how firm's environmental harness attracts green investors, analyzes if the green investors are really “green” from perspective of investors' decision-making, uses stock-listed firms data from 2008 to 2020 to establish a Logit regression model to test the impacts of firms' environmental harness input on green investors, and selects non-expected earnings and over-expected returns as mediating variables to establish a mediating effect model, which is employed to study mechanism of firms' environmental harness on green investors by means of binary classification mediating effect. Firms that actually conduct environmental harness probably attract green investors. Category variable mediating effect model indicates that firms' environmental harness casts an attracting effect through short-term trading gains rather than long-term harness mechanism. It reveals that green investors tend to be more speculative and invest primarily for the short-term gains. Pollution industry and private firms can attract green investors through outstanding short-term gains from environmental harness, suggesting green investors are more sensitive to pollution industry and private firms while chasing short-term gains. Participation of green investors will increase firms' market share, especially for firms with larger market share, suggesting investors' decision preference intensifies firms' monopolizing power with higher market share, thus hindering green development. Green investors shall aim at both economic and social benefits to have a long-term investing will. Local governments shall avoid “selecting best” strategy when issuing allowance policies, support small and medium-sized firms in environmental harness to reach a win-win during green production. This paper offers new empirical evidences in disclosing green investors' “greenwashing” behavior, and helps to improve China's green financing system and guide the investment concept of capital market Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select EVOLUTIONARY GAMBLING STUDY ON LOW-CARBON TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR INDUSTRIAL GAS PRODUCERS LU Qing, FANG Huaxin, HOU Jianchao Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 92-106.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241014.001 Abstract （57）      PDF（pc） （2005KB）（16）       Knowledge map    Save Industrial gas as an important industrial material with a rising demand consumes a large quantity of energy during its production, which requires a low-carbon transformation of industrial gas producers for green development. Due to the limitation of transformation costs, governmental allowance is adopted. With distributed photovoltaic power generation as the transforming direction, considering the transforming conditions such as environmental benefits, utility cost and geographic location, this paper uses evolutionary gambling theory to establish a gambling model between governments and firms, which is employed to analyze their rule in making decisions and to explore the evolutionary path to low carbon transformation under governmental allowance, and applies Python to analyze the impacts of firms' comprehensive conditions on their low carbon transformation with purpose of offering references for energy consumption low carbon transformation and industrial green development. There are six scenarios of evolutionary equilibrium in the gambling between governments and firms, which can be divided into three stages. Evolutionary state depends on governmental allowance, firms' transforming costs and comprehensive conditions. Governmental allowance determines if firms have capabilities to transform, and environmental benefits determine the final evolutionary path. Firms are facing pressures of transformation costs and target scale planning; the former is negative to its comprehensive conditions while the latter is positive. Whether firms with poor comprehensive conditions can realize their transformation lies in reducing transforming costs pressure. Governmental allowance shall be used to reduce firms' transforming costs such as equipment cost, transportation costs, maintenance costs, and plant construction costs. For firms with better comprehensive conditions, success of their transformation depends on reducing their target scale planning pressure, and governmental allowance should be focused on planning and optimization of renewable energy application sites and plants remodeling to maximize their target scales Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select IMPACTS OF HIGH-QUALITY HUMAN CAPITAL ON OPTIMIZATION OF DIGITAL INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE ZHANG Ning, MIAO Pu, DING Chenhui Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 107-119.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241030.001 Abstract （115）      PDF（pc） （1222KB）（7）       Knowledge map    Save This paper, based on the panel data of some provinces in China from 2008 to 2020, establishes a panel model and mediating effect model, and fabricates such indices as digital industrial structural advancement index, digital industrial structural rationalization index, high-quality human capital index, and technical & institutional innovation index to analyze the impacting mechanism of high-quality human capital on optimization of digital industrial structure. High-quality human capital can increase productivity, improve element use efficiency, fulfill remuneration incremental effect, match human capital structure with digital industrial employment structure, and finally promotes an optimization of digital industrial structure. Both technical innovation and institutional innovation can drive optimization of digital industrial structure. As for industrial structural advancement, the mediating effect of institutional innovation is 16 times that of technical innovation, and 10 times for industrial structural rationalization. Variance of population fluidity and high educational level can explain the heterogeneous impacts of human capital on digital industrial structure in different areas. The estimated coefficients for the impact of high-quality human capital on digital industrial structural advancement are significant，which in areas with  a net population inflow are 2 times of areas with a net population outflow, and which in areas of starting type are 2 times of areas of outstanding type. Positive impact of high-quality human capital on digital industrial structural rationalization is outstanding only in areas with a net population outflow. Mediating effect of institutional innovation on digital industrial structural advancement is 5 to 13 times of technical innovation, 7 to 9 times on digital industrial structural rationalization. This paper puts forward suggestions on raising quality of digital industrial staff, fulfilling promotion of high-quality talents on technical innovation, stimulating inner driving forces of high-quality talents participating institutional innovation, coordinating the relation between technical innovation and institutional innovation, and making differentiated policies for high-quality talents. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select HARMONIOUS SYMBIOSIS EVOLUTION BETWEEN HUMAN AND NATURE IN THE UPPER-STREAM OF YELLOW RIVER IMPACTED BY ECOLOGICAL TOURISM HAN Zixuan, CHEN Jinlin Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 120-131.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241120.001 Abstract （85）      PDF（pc） （5309KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save  Based on the relation among ecological tourism, human activities and natural environment, this paper establishes a theoretical model of human and nature impacted by ecological tourism, constructs an evaluation index system of human and nature harmonious development， uses coupling coordination model to measure the harmonious symbiosis between human and nature impacted by ecological tourism in 17 cities of the upper-stream of Yellow River, and compares their temporal and spatial variances, aiming at providing references for ecological tourism high-quality development and harmonious symbiosis between human and nature in the upper-stream of Yellow River. From 2008 to 2022, economic-social evaluation index of cities in the upper-stream of Yellow River has been continuously rising, so does resources-environmental evaluation index but with fluctuations amid growing process. In the recent 15 years, protection of resources environment surpassed economic-social development before 2013, lagged after 2013, but both in a generally rising trend. Harmonious development of human and nature in the cities of the upper-stream of Yellow River can be divided into 3 periods, entirely disordered period from 2008 to 2011, developing period from 2012 to 2017, and initial coordinated period from 2018 to 2022. During the study period their coupling coordination shows a rising trend, generally low, only up to initial coordinated stage. Geographically their coupling coordination displays a pattern of “high in the southwest but low in the northeast”. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select IMPACTS OF DIGITAL GOVERNMENT ON INDUSTRIAL TECHNICAL INNOVATION UNDER DIGITAL ECONOMY GUO Mengran, ZHOU Qian, DENG Kai Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 132-145.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241129.001 Abstract （90）      PDF（pc） （2161KB）（12）       Knowledge map    Save Digital governmental construction is a fundamental and leading project for constructing network power and digital China, supporting industrial high-quality development. This paper, based on panel data of China's 30 provinces from 2011 to 2021, establishes a mediating effect model to test the impacts of digital government on industrial technical innovation, and to study the mediating effects in raising governmental efficiency, optimizing fiscal distribution and reducing administrative corruption. Digital governmental construction largely promotes industrial technical innovation, validated by robustness tests through replacing explained and explanatory variables, and using tool variables to process endogeneity. Digital government can improve industrial technical innovation through three ways, raising administrative efficiency, optimizing fiscal capital distribution and reducing administrative corruption with the mediating effect coefficients of 0.312 7, 0.215 7 and －0.088 2, further confirmed by Sobel test and bootstrap test. Promotion of governmental digitalizing transformation on industrial technical innovation has been marked in eastern, central and western China, more significantly in eastern China, in provinces with higher technical levels and in provinces with appropriate governmental size. China should accelerate governmental digitalizing transformation to empower industrial upgrading and technical innovation, leverage the advantages of digital governance to form a positive interaction with enterprises, and provide support for the rational allocation of social resources to promote the overall innovation. Governmental digitalizing transformation will probably become a guarantee to China's industrial technical innovation and economic growth and provides theoretical and practical references for high-quality industrial economy in the digital era.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select IMPACTING MECHANISM OF CLIMATIC CHANGE RISKS ON FIRM'S SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCES TIAN Ming, SHEN Shaoqi, YAN Jiarui Resources & Industries    2025, 27 (1): 146-162.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20240914.001 Abstract （207）      PDF（pc） （1277KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save This paper, based on data of China's A-listed 2 594 companies from 2010 to 2022, uses natural resources dependence theory to study the impacting effects and mechanism of climatic change risks on firm's sustainability performance aiming at providing theoretical basis for companies to boost their adaptability to climatic changes and at offering references on green transformation and sustainable development. Climatic change risks dramatically enhance firm's sustainability performance, boost their transformation to adapt to changing climates and stimulate them to undertake social responsibilities to sustainability. Green innovation plays a mediating role between climatic change risks and sustainability performance. Climatic change risks drive firms to deploy green innovation to reduce dependence on single resource, decrease natural resource consumption and ecosystem damage, boost firm's adaptability and emergency responding capabilities to climatic changes, and cultivate their diversified core competitiveness. Redundant resources amplify the positive impact of climate change risks on sustainability performance, providing a buffering mechanism for enterprises to cope with climate challenges. This not only reduces losses from climatic disasters but also ensures resource availability to enterprise development and transformation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that climate change risks have a more pronounced effect on promoting the sustainability performance of high-carbon emission enterprises and heavily polluting enterprises. Moreover, the influence of climate change risks on sustainability performance varies depending on the specific property rights and industrial characteristics of the enterprises. Specifically, state-owned enterprises, compared to non-state-owned ones, possess greater resources and capabilities to respond to climate change risks, making them more likely to achieve the goal of harmonizing economic development and environmental protection. Regarding industry nature, labor-intensive enterprises, due to their higher dependence on human resources, are more sensitive to climate change risks and consequently place greater emphasis on sustainability practices compared to technology-intensive and asset-intensive enterprises. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select CAN DIGITAL ECONOMY PROMOTE URBAN GREEN COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT? SUN Huaping, CHEN Tingting, JIANG Chengfeng, ZHAO Jiawen Resources & Industries    2024, 26 (6): 1-16.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241206.001 Abstract （165）      PDF（pc） （1249KB）（40）       Knowledge map    Save It has been a vital topic for speeding up a high integration of the digital economy and green economic transformation in China's academic and social domains. This paper, based on 2005 to 2020 data of China's 280 cities, uses principal component analysis and non-expected output super-efficiency EBM model to measure cities' digital economic level and green economic efficiency and studies the impacts and mechanism of digital economic development on urban green economic efficiency in consideration of endogeneity and robustness. It concludes that digital economy can effectively improve urban green economic efficiency, and enforce the green economic diffusion effects of middle or large cities over their surrounding cities, which overcomes the echo effect over small cities, helping fulfill network effect which turning “core-periphery” structure by displaying green universal welfare functions on differently sized cities and boosting regional green economy. Improvement of digital economy on green economic efficiency is more where has a higher marketizing level and environmental regulations. Digital economy can promote green innovation and economic agglomeration, driving urban low-carbon growth. This paper presents suggestions for governments on raising support for digital industries, on making differentiated function positioning and strategies for differently sized cities, and on creating a sound marketing and policy environment for an entire green transformation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select REFORM OF PAID USE SYSTEM OF NATURAL RESOURCES: EVOLUTION, CHALLENGES AND PATHS ZHOU Pu, HOU Huali, TAN Wenbing, ZHANG Hui Resources & Industries    2024, 26 (6): 17-23.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241024.001 Abstract （116）      PDF（pc） （1145KB）（39）       Knowledge map    Save Establishment of paid use system of natural resources is a key task for ecological civilization reform and a vital guarantee to deepen market-allocating natural resources and to drive a quality development. This paper, based on a research framework of “logic analysis-regime evolution-question discussion-path optimization”, analyzes its policy evolution and reveals the major issues and main challenges from the concepts of pay-for-using natural resources, and discusses the direction of and path to optimization with an intension to offer reference for further deepening reform. China's pay-for-using natural resources policy has undergone four stages, free-using, partially-pay-for-using, market-growing, and rule-optimizing, suggesting a continuous exploration and optimization in ranges, means, rights, gains and supervision. Reforming progress varies with resource categories, over-capitalization emerges in highly-market-involved commercial natural resources, but slowly-market-growth in natural resources of public interests. Three challenges are emerging, a higher requirement for synergism of governments and markets over dual supplies of natural resources, inappropriate property rights and gains distribution between upper- and down-stream, differentiated reform progress lagging behind resources supply and managements. For a purpose of optimizing paid use system of natural resources, this paper presents suggestions on top designing based on a principle of unified and division, on controlling entry and pricing mechanism in ruling governmental and market roles, and on clarifying economic relations among property owners and focusing on a loop designing of rules.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF PAY-FOR-USING COMMERCIAL NATURAL RESOURCES ASSETS: REVIEWS AND OUTLOOK WANG Rongyu, WU Shutian Resources & Industries    2024, 26 (6): 24-32.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241120.004 Abstract （92）      PDF（pc） （1178KB）（23）       Knowledge map    Save As reforming natural resources ownership advances, China, aiming to improve resources asset allocating efficiency, visualizing assets values and sharing gains, has conducted a lot of marketing reforms and practices of pay-for-using commercial natural resources rules. This paper overviews the evolution and challenges of commercial natural resources rules, and analyzes the major reform path and effectiveness. Rules have to be placed before owning commercial natural resource properties, which may better constrain agents' and local governmental behaviors and reach the objectives sustainability and sharing gains of commercial natural resource properties. Stimulation set by central government is key to local governments, selection of stimulating structure and local governmental behaviors are impacted by local conditions, which needs to be further studied in order to better fulfill governmental roles. Amid operating commercial natural resource properties, local governments need to master the marketing mechanism in consideration of nature, economy, society, politics to better maintain owners' gains. Commercial natural resources as market-allocated element inside the complicated social-ecological system need to be studied from systematic perspective to disclose the factors and marketing mechanism of owning commercial natural resources. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics page Page 1 of 4 Total 141 records First page Prev page Next page Last page