Abstract: REEs resources are not only ranking atop in the global key minerals list, but also one of China's dominant minerals in the world.For a purpose of boosting China's REEs industry, this paper uses global REEs data to analyze their global resources and global markets.REEs are not rare.The major REEs deposit types, characterized by low mineralization and whole rock mineralization, are distribution globally with their reserves up to 110 million metric tonnes on land, more in the oceans.Exploration, production, process and trading of REEs resources shall be determined by pricing rules, rather that by geopolitics.The only direction to make a stronger global REEs industry is focus on globalization and marketization.Separation of REES has always been China's core technologies, making China's REEs concentrates dominate the most global market share.China may cancel refining restriction policies of imported REEs products when appropriate in the future, which cannot indirectly limit our competitors, but also maintain China's leading role in REEs separation technologies in the global REEs industry.China has huge amounts of scrapped vehicles, wind turbines, computers and cell phones containing REEs each year.In order to strengthen the recycling and reuse of mineral resources and promote high-quality economic and social development, China can adopt measures such as tax reduction and exemption for waste refining and recycling enterprises, and increase investment in research of waste refining and recycling technology, so as to achieve the purpose of continuously improving the secondary recycling rate of China's REEs resources.To catch up with the developing opportunities of the fourth industrial revolution and to continue China's dominance on global REEs industry, this paper puts forward suggestions on developing new REEs products as one growing approach to enlarging China's REEs industrial scale, developing new rare earth functional materials as a strong driving force to enhance the strength of China's REEs industry.

Key words: REEs industry, REEs reserves, REEs production, REEs separation, REES functional materials manufacturing, REEs trade

摘要： 稀土不但在全球关键矿产清单中居于首位，而且还是我国在国际上占据着优势地位的矿种之一。为了能够进一步壮大我国稀土产业的实力，本文通过搜集整理国内外关于稀土产业的相关资料，经过统计分析，从而对国际稀土资源与国际稀土市场进行了深入研究，并得出如下主要结论：1）稀土不稀。由于主要的稀土矿床类型均具有成矿倍增率低、全岩成矿的特点，因此该矿床在世界范围内的分布并不稀有。目前,经查明全球陆地上稀土的储量约为1.1亿t，而海洋中的稀土资源则更为丰富。2）对稀土资源的勘查、生产、加工、交易应由价格规律决定，而不应由地缘政治需要决定，坚持全球化、市场化的大方向，才是国际社会做大、做强全球稀土产业的唯一正确选择。3）稀土分离一直是由我国所掌握的核心技术，也促使我国的稀土精炼产品占据了国际市场绝大部分份额。未来我国可依据国际形势，在适当时节予以取消对进口稀土矿产品的精炼限制政策，从而不但能够间接抑制潜在的竞争对手，而且还有利于继续保持我国的稀土分离技术在国际稀土产业中的领先地位。4）当今，我国每年报废的汽车、风力发电机、电脑、手机等含有稀土元素的终端产品数量巨大，而为了加强对矿产资源的循环再利用，以深入推动经济社会的高质量发展，我国可通过采取对废弃物提炼回收企业减税免税，以及加大对废弃物提炼回收技术研发投入等措施，借此以达到能够不断提高我国稀土资源二次回收利用率的目的。5）为了抓住第四次工业革命所提供的发展契机，并继续巩固中国稀土产业在国际上的优势地位，我国应将开发具有新功能的稀土产品作为扩大本国稀土产业规模的发展途径，应将研发新型稀土功能材料作为壮大本国稀土产业实力的强劲驱动力。

关键词: 稀土产业, 稀土储量, 稀土产量, 稀土分离, 稀土功能材料制造, 稀土贸易