Abstract: This paper,based on land survey and remote sensing data in 2005 and 2010 in Heilongjiang’s 76 cities (counties),presents a revised index model of ecological environment quality from a reference of “Technical Guidelines of Ecological Environment Quality Evaluation (Trial)”,which includes land vulnerability,biological abundance, vegetation coverage,water distribution dense,environment quality and biological bearing capacity indexes.The revised model is used to study the evolution of Heilongjiang’s ecological environment,showing an improvement and favorable trending,especially in the eastern coal urban areas,excellent in Daxing’anling ,Xiaoxing’anling and Changbaishan areas,good in Sanjiang plain,Songhua river and its tributaries,ordinary in Songnen plain and eastern coal producing areas,lower in Harbin,Daqing and Qiqihar.

Key words: ecological environment quality index, ecological environment evaluation, Heilongjiang province

摘要： 以黑龙江省的76个市县为基本研究单元,基于2005年和2010年的土地变更调查数据和遥感监测数据,参考《生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行)》中生态环境质量指数,结合黑龙江省实际提出了修正后的指数模型,包括土地脆弱指数、生物丰度指数、植被覆盖指数、水网密度指数、环境质量指数、生态承载指数,利用修正后的模型从土地脆弱、生物丰度、植被覆盖、水网密度、环境质量和生态承载6方面分析黑龙江省生态环境的变化。结果表明:自黑龙江省实施生态省建设战略以来,全省的生态环境质量有了改善,生态环境质量稳定并趋好发展,尤其是东部煤炭城市生态环境质量改善明显。大、小兴安岭和长白山地的市县生态环境质量“优”,三江平原和松花江及其支流沿岸的市县生态环境质量“良”,松嫩平原以及东部煤炭产地的市县生态环境质量“一般”,而哈大齐工业走廊的三个重要城市哈尔滨、大庆、齐齐哈尔的生态环境质量“较差”。

关键词: 生态环境质量指数, 生态环境评价, 黑龙江省