Abstract: Yangtze River Delta is a demonstrating model for eco-green integrated area. Its quality development is vital for China. This paper, viewing from green innovation strategy, reveals its regional variance and evolution of ecological efficiency, and presents suggestions. This paper, based on 41 Yangtze River Delta cities' 2008 to 2019 data, uses SBM model to measure their ecological efficiencies, and analyzes their redundancy and deficiency in cities of low ecological efficiencies. Tobit regression model is used to identify the factors of ecological efficiency. Results display a high ecological efficiency in Yangtze River Delta, with its core density above 0.8, waved and varying with regions. It shows a polarization in the region where there are 5 cities with low efficiencies and 9 with optimal efficiencies. 81.25% of Anhui province's cites have low efficiencies, higher than other provinces. Among factors, economic developing level, industrial structure and urban size are positively for ecological efficiency, but environmental protection and foreign openness are negatively, technical advance is a minor factor. Yangtze River Delta is suggested to construct a shared platform of environmental information and technical resources in unifying eco-environmental standards, environmental supervision and enforcement. This paper presents suggestions on advertising Yangtze River Delta's practices as demonstrating model, fulfilling its leading role, and boosting its cooperation with other areas. Traditional industries shall be escalated, smart and green. Cities vary differentiated talent planning with their urban functions. Foreign investment boosts ecological efficiency. Governments play a leading role in social capital and improve the stimulation mechanism of green innovation.

Key words: Yangtze River Delta, ecological efficiency, SBM, Tobit, green innovation

摘要： 加快长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区建设，是我国长三角区域高质量发展的重要任务。基于绿色创新战略视角，聚焦我国长三角生态效率问题，揭示长三角生态效率的地区差异和演进特征，以此提出针对性对策建议。以长三角41个城市为研究对象，以2008—2019年为观测期，利用SBM模型测度生态效率，并对无效率城市进行冗余度和不足度分析，使用Tobit回归模型识别影响生态效率的关键因素。结果显示：1）长三角地区整体生态效率较高，核密度分布主体在0.8右侧，但是整体生态效率呈波动趋势，且地区之间差距较大，两极分化相对严重，区域内有5个效率较低的资源型城市，有9个最优效率的示范城市，安徽省内中低效率城市比例占到了81.25%，高于其他省市；2）影响因素方面，地区经济发展水平、产业结构和城市规模对其生态效率有显著的正向作用，环境保护投入和对外开放水平对生态效率有显著的负向作用，科技进步水平对生态效率的影响不显著。建议加快构建长三角区域环境信息和技术资源的共享交换平台，加快生态环境标准统一、环境监测统一和环境监管执法统一；总结并推广长三角绿色一体化示范区建设的有益经验和做法，充分发挥示范区的引领和先行作用，加强示范区与追赶区之间的环境治理合作；推动传统产业高端化、智能化、绿色化，根据城市功能定位制定差异化人才引进计划；拓展协调开放格局，发挥外商投资对生态效率的提升作用，发挥政府对社会资本的引导作用，完善对绿色创新的激励机制等。

关键词: 长三角地区, 生态效率, SBM, Tobit, 绿色创新