Abstract: As a typical representative of ecological governance and high-quality development in large river basins, the Yangtze River Economic Belt's ecological and environmental protection efforts have received significant attention from the Party and the state. Focusing on the concept of "prioritizing ecological conservation and refraining from large-scale development" proposed by President Xi, the ecological protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has achieved great results under the guidance of a series of policies. In-depth analysis of the rationality of relevant policy settings and the comprehensiveness of content is an important basis for further improving policies. Eight ecological protection policies for the Yangtze River Economic Belt promulgated by the state between 2016 and 2021 were selected, and the relevant policy texts were quantitatively evaluated using text mining and the TOPSIS-PMC index model, and the policies were deeply analyzed in combination with the PMC index and the PMC surface map. The findings indicate that, at the macro level, the average PMC index of the eight policy samples is 7.11, which is at an excellent level overall, indicating that the ecological and environmental protection policies of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in my country are relatively reasonable and comprehensive. From a micro perspective, the scores of specific indicators of the policy vary greatly, and some indicators have low scores, indicating that the existing policy still has outstanding problems that need to be solved, including the lack of coordinated governance of multiple subjects, the lack of integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands and sands, the lack of standards and norms for scientific and technological means of protection and governance, and the lack of a summary of the current environmental protection status. In view of the shortcomings of the current policy, the following improvement suggestions are put forward: 1) Diversify the subjects of ecological protection and governance, and build a coordinated linkage mechanism for ecological and environmental governance in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. 2) Systematize the thinking of ecological protection and governance, and build a comprehensive governance system across administrative regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. 3) Digitalize the results of ecological protection and governance, and build an open data and achievement display platform for ecological protection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

Key words: Yangtze River Economic Belt, Policy evaluation, text mining, ecological protection, Topsis-PMC index model

摘要： 作为大河流域生态治理与高质量发展的典型代表，长江经济带生态环境保护工作受到了党和国家的高度重视，围绕习总书记提出的“共抓大保护、不搞大开发”理念，长江经济带生态保护在一系列政策指导下取得了较大的成绩，深入分析相关政策设定的合理性、内容的全面性是进一步完善政策的重要依据。选取2016—2021年国家颁布的8项长江经济带生态保护政策，利用文本挖掘和Topsis-PMC指数模型对相关政策文本进行量化评价，并结合PMC指数与PMC曲面图对政策进行深入分析。研究结果表明：在宏观层面上，8项政策样本的PMC指数平均值为7.11，整体处于优秀水平，这表明我国长江经济带生态环境保护政策设定较为合理，内容较为全面。而从微观层面来看，政策的具体指标得分差异较大，且部分指标得分较低，表明现有政策仍存在亟待解决的突出问题，包括缺少多元主体的协同治理，缺少对山水林田湖草沙的一体化保护和系统治理，缺少保护与治理科技手段的标准与规范，缺少对环保现状的梳理总结等。针对当前政策存在的不足，提出以下改进建议：1）生态保护与治理主体多元化，构建长江经济带生态环境治理协调联动机制；2）生态保护与治理思维系统化，构建长江经济带跨行政区域综合治理体系；3）生态保护与治理成果数字化，构建长江经济带生态保护数据开放和成果展示平台。

关键词: 长江经济带, 政策评价, 文本挖掘, 生态保护, Topsis-PMC指数模型