Aesthetic service of ecosystem is one of cultural services between human and ecosystem, vital to human ‘s welfare, but its intangibility, subjectivity, data accessibility and lack of standard assessment process make quantitative assessment difficult. This paper, based on theoretical basis of aesthetic service of ecosystem, focusing on subjectivism and objectivism paradigms of aesthetic assessment, uses systematic method to summarize the major assessment ways of aesthetic service of ecosystem since the 21^st century. As attentions on aesthetic service are increasing, assessment methods show two directions, decentralization and centralization. Decentralization is more objective in objectivism, more subjective in subjectivism, while centralization serves as a joint paradigm. This paper discusses the methods ‘ application and limitation in ecosystem management, regional planning and industrial development, and presents suggestions for future research on comprehensive modelling, temporal-spatial dimension, supply-demand analysis and values assessment.

This paper, based on the overseas oilgas investment features, establishes risk evaluation index system to study the national risk index and technical risk index, sets up hierarchy risk evaluation of overseas oilgas development projects, determines the risk index weights by using hierarchy analysis and normalization, and classifies the risk levels. High risk projects are mainly coming from politics and technical. This paper presents suggestion for different risks, offering references for China to invest overseas oilgas projects and to optimize projects.

This paper, aiming at the basic means of compiling land utilization planning at village level including objects, missions, focus, models, and hot points, uses a case to study qualitatively the land utilization planning at village level, with the results that the land utilization planning at village level is a good supplement to the existing five grades planning system; it needs to maximize the benefit under control; it should adopt a up-down working mode; its rigidity and flexibility can be coordinated, and its means will be optimized; and it should connect to all other land utilization plannings.