Ecological compensation for ore resources is of great significance to the sustainable development of Chinese economy and society, but study on this aspect is still little. This paper compares the relevant researches of ecological compensation in domestic and abroad, studies the impact of mining activities on ecological environment, and classifies the environmental cost in ore resources development into prevention cost, environmental destroying cost and rehabilitation cost, and presents suggestions on compensation system. Based on review of China’s ecological compensation laws regarding ore resources, this paper forms a compensation system for ore resources from policies, guarantee, compensation undertaker and beneficiary, means and standard.