The national “11^thFive Years Plan” presents an infrangible index to keep 120 million hm² of plowlands, which demands a most strict plowland protective system to control the plowland reduction, an augment of plowlands and land consolidation. The investment of land consolidation includes four aspects such as investment owner, fund source, fund operation and profit distribution based on five basic principles: “taken from land and used for land”, “who pays, who earns”, “management out of utilization”, “multiple fund source channels” and “local adaption”, which needs a reconstruction and optimization in fund investment mechanism, fund operation mechanism, profit distribution mechanism and fund supervision mechanism.

Land consolidation is a vital part of land policy to increase farmland area, to enhance the crop production capacity, and to balance the land requisitioncompensation. Following the economic growth in the recent ten years, the land consolidation has gradually turned to  comprehensive objectives from a single one of only increasing farmland area. A sustainable land consolidation has been developed based on sustainability and maximum comprehensive benefits. This paper, from the production capacity, ecological environment, economic viability and social acceptability, establishes an indexes system framework to evaluate the land consolidation, offering a reference for the sustainable land consolidation.