Industrial transformation in resources-based cities, commenced in 1990’s, has been mature in alternative industrial selection, industrial transformation mode, and new industrial cultivation through scholar’s study and practice, but gets less study on evaluating industrial transformation. This paper, based on some key points and new industrial development index for industrial transformation, establishes an industrial integration degree model to evaluate the effect of industrial transformation, which is applied to evaluate the transformation effect from coal industry to modern agriculture in Fuxin City, and presents some suggestions for industrial development in Fuxin City.
The economic transformation in resources-based cities and old-industrial bases, a vital part of China’s social-economic transformation, is related to the non-recycling resources utilization and facing many similar issues. This paper, based on the concepts of resources-based cities and old-industrial bases, compares their transformation plights and reveals their difference so as to make a wise policy during economic transformation in resources-based cities and old-industrial bases.
China’s international petroleum diplomacy is being challenged by the speeding economic globalization. China is currently starting to construct the petroleum reserve, so it is important to carry out petroleum diplomacy. This paper, based on a brief introduction to petroleum resources, expounds China’s petroleum diplomacy in the 21st century and presents a strategy that China’s petroleum industry shall be based on internal resources, diversify petroleum supply worldwide and improve domestic petroleum reserve.
Petroleum as a non-recoverable strategic resource plays a key role in economic development. China’s rapid economic development depends largely upon the international petroleum market. This paper, based on the increasing demands for petroleum but an inadequate supply and decreasing reserve, expounds limitations existing in Chinese petroleum strategy, and presents a long-term petroleum strategy to ensure China’s petroleum guarantee, that is, to establish a multi-channel petroleum supply, to establish a petroleum reserve system, to develop alternative energy, to economize petroleum resource, to explore oceanic petroleum resource.
This paper, based on a study on black soil degradation and a review on related reference, analyzes the existing black soil protection and monitoring, presents a concept of establishing black soil degradation monitoring system that combines hyperspectral remote sensing macroscopically with fixed point supervision, and, moreover, discusses the supervision means and contents at a general framework.
The western China, an important energy base for development strategy, exists a contradiction between abundant energy and frail environment, leading to a challenge in energy development. The energy development in western China, recently typified by “west gas to east” and “west electricity to east”, becomes a pillar industry in western China, so putting a pressure over eastern China’s environment, but deteriorating the western China’s. Some heavy industries like coal, power, smelt and chemical industries have been transferred to western China from eastern, promoting the economic growth on a basis of energy and investment, but rapidly consuming resources and destroying environment. This paper presents that a sustainable development of energy bases is a key point for a successful development of western China.
The fast economic development is based on mineral resources, giving rise to an unfavorable influence on mine environment. Hence, it is a hot spot to minimize the environmental pollution and destruction, and to protect and harness mine environment. This paper analyzes some factors to destroy mine environment and presents some approaches, aiming at providing a reference to protect and harness mine environment.
Caofeidian Port is the only deep-water port under construction in northern Yangtse River estuary in east China coast. Following vast industrial constructions, unexpected environmental change could possibly have a disadvantageous influence on some projects and future development. This paper, based on a comprehensive analysis on the geological environment and baleful geological processes, suggests that the economic development in Tangshan City necessitates evaluating the geological environment, bringing preventing and controlling geological disasters as a long-term task into the development and management system at Caofeidian Port.
The urban fringe, a transition between city and countryside, is characterized by high market utilization extent, intensified utilization and frequent circulation. Due to its complicated land types, the urban fringe is not well utilized, or even wasted, or overly converted into industrial development lands. This paper summarizes the major issues in sustainable development of urban fringe, and presents some suggestions, aiming at enhancing urban fringe land utilization, combining human economic activities, land utilization and eco-environmental construction together so as to achieve a target of plowland protection, construction land protection and eco-environmental protection.
A comprehensive assessment on intensified utilization of land reflects the intensive degree of land utilization. This paper discusses some useful comprehensive assessment approaches to intensified utilization of land in Xinjiang Corps, establishes a set of index system to analyze the intensified utilization level of construction lands in Xinjiang Corps and presents some suggestions.
This paper with the connotation of urbanization establishes an evaluation index system to reflect urbanization development level based on population, economy, livelihood and regional environment, and evaluates comprehensively the urbanization development level among 13 cities which are classified by means of clustering analysis, aiming at identifying advantages and disadvantages in these cities. Meanwhile, via GIS, the urbanization disparity is reflected on spatial locations in order to make a policy on improving the regional urbanization level within Jiangsu Province.
Liaohe rift abounds in geothermal resource. Vast quantity of geothermal data was accumulated over the past forty-year’s exploration. The geothermal field in our study area is jointly controlled by faults, lithology, caprock buried depth and hydrology, has a relatively high geothermal gradient which ascends southwards. The geothermal reservoir is continuously hosted in several sequences, represented by two major types, clastic sedimentary pore type and karst fissure type. The former one is chiefly hosted in the Cenozoic and Mesozoic, and the latter one in the Archean and middle-upper Proterozoic. This paper, based on a comprehensive assessment, indicates some favorable areas for geothermal resource, including Dawa-Haiwaihe area (the Cenozoic) and Shuguang-Dujiatai area (the Paleozoic and middle-upper Proterozoic). With the decreasing oil-gas reserves in Liaohe Oilfield, it is of economic and social significance to explore the geothermal resource in these areas.
Gold production and consumption in China is increasing recently. Gold industry is stepping into group’s operation and sizable management. This paper, based on current status of Chinese gold producers, gold production, price and consumption, analyzes the gold industrial structure and presents a strategy for Chinese gold industry.
The mining economic development in Yunnan province where bounds in mineral resources contributes quite a lot to Yunnan’s economy or even to China’s. This paper analyzes the current status of mining economic development in Yunnan province and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages. Based on a recycling mining economic theory, this paper suggests optimizing mining industrial structures, enhancing mining industrial concentration, boosting study and application of high mining technologies, increasing mining investment and coordinating mining economic development and protecting environment.
Due to different regional industrial policies and mineral resources, big disparities in mineral resources industry exist in eastern, central and western China in economic benefits, industrial structures and industrial framework. This paper applies location quotient to analyze the overall development level of mineral resource industry. The regional economic disparity leads to inconsonance between mineral resources specialization degree and resources enrichment degree. A policy is presented to develop a balanced mineral resources industry.
This paper, based on an analysis on land utilization and landscape pattern change, studies the tentative area in Hefei city and attains some land utilization data. Meanwhile, landscape shape index and diversity index increase while dominance index and concentration index decrease. The author gives views on some issues of land utilization and landscape pattern change in Hefei city.
This paper, based on a concept of tourism lands, analyzes deficiencies in tourism lands classification, reclassifies the tourism lands, preliminarily establishes a classification system for tourism lands and offers a scientific means to coordinate the relationship between tourism lands and other lands.
The land supervision system, a creation in Chinese land administration system, can have a vertical supervision on local governmental (provincial or lower) land management. This paper analyzes some issues in discovery, check, modification and suggestion during the process of establishing land supervision system, and presents some suggestions for related laws, relation with other administration, supervisors and public participation.
Following the rapid economic development, more and more rural lands have been expropriated for a construction purpose, so the land compensation is paramount for those landless farmers. Although the uppermost price limit on land compensation has been canceled and the same-land-same-price is carried out gradually, big gaps exist compared to market price. This paper, based on a theoretical study and a case study, establishes a relation model to measure the prices in variable graded expropriated lands, compares with the existing land expropriation prices which is verified to be illogical, and presents some suggestions.
Human beings can not survive without water. Owning to a severe water pollution and an exacerbating water environment imperiling people’s drinking water, it is now critical to protect drinking water sources. The existing laws lack effective protection and have a unfit punishment for destroying water sources, and pay inadequate attention on drinking water in rural areas and underground water. This paper, based on the current situations regarding drinking water sources, presents some suggestions that the future legislations or laws modification shall be based on sustainable development, enhance protection on water sources in rural areas and underground water, combine environmental protection and eco-construction, intensify the punishment against drinking water pollution, and establish an eco-compensation system, all this contributing to an effective protection of Human being’s water sources.
The rapid economic growth is based on a surging demand for mineral resources and then puts a challenging request for mining industry. However, the non-recoverable mineral resources which have been largely consumed in China now can not meet the economic development. This paper, based on the mineral resources, mining industry, and mining policy, surveys the reserves and categories of mineral resources, and directs an orientation for mining industry, offering a reference for further study on mineral resources.
Rural land consolidation prevails during new countryside construction and gives rise to, unavoidably, some new issues, which impedes the rural land consolidation, and influences the dynamic balance of plowlands and the replenished plowland quality. This paper, based on project establishment, engineering supervision, farmer’s rights and interests during land consolidation, presents some approaches to rural land consolidation, aiming at offering a standard to promote the quality and management level and to accelerate economic development.
Rural informationization as an important part of national economy and society is a key tool to turn traditional agriculture into modern agriculture, and a unavoidable choice to accelerate socialistic new countryside construction in China. This paper, based on the current rural informationization characterized by a weak consciousness, low utilization, unbalanced development, presents some suggestions developing rural informationization in future.
How to promote economic development in rural areas during the prevailing new countryside construction is a vital worthwhile point. This paper, based on the successful experience of rural development in Bavarian State, Germany, presents a principle and core for rural development: public participation in land management.
This paper, by means of Theil index method and factor analysis, applies single index and synthetic indexes to analyze the evolution and characters of urbanization level difference (ULD) among cities in Shandong province, and concludes that the ULD among cities in Shandong province diminishes and so do the ULD in east, middle and west Shandong, but the regional ULD expands. The ULD displays in general an internal difference in middle Shandong. The Comprehensive ULD is reflected in three aspects, modernization level, building density and environmental quality, and exists an east-west gradient difference regionally.
Following the fast development of industrialization and urbanization, the construction land utilization expands largely. Vast quantity of rural lands, in order to meet the land needs of urbanization, has been expropriated, in the name of public interests, for a commercial purpose, leading to more and more landless farmers. This paper aims at protect the landless farmers]’ interests, studies the legislation for government, collective organization and compensation, analyzes the legal limitations in land expropriation, and presents some approaches from legislation, execution and almsgiving.
Oil and gas as important strategic resources are the major asset of oilgas enterprises, so how to disclose this asset to public is one of accountant’s three intractabilities. This paper, based on the particularity of oil-gas asset, analyzes the prevailing means to disclose accountant information by applying comparison, and presents a workable method adaptable for China’s situation.
This paper, based on a case study on how to deal with a pile-broken accident during concrete-filling hole construction at Beiyuan Metro Station, introduces a workable approach to the pile-broken accident at B21-1 Hole, achieves an planned technological standard which was examined by an authorized unit. This approach, easy but applicable, can provide a reference for similar accidents.
Sediment granularity, if well studied, can reflect regional natural environment and its change. This paper, based on a surface sampling 0~20 cm in a typical micro-physiography in northwest Shandong province, applies laser granularity analyzer to study the granularity with the results indicating that the regional surface sediment grains are similar with regional stream grains, which are chiefly siltstone. The spatial differentiation of sediment granularity is controlled by micro-physiography formed by alluvion and deposit swing and by paleoclimate, and by, as well, human’s irrigation from Yellow River.
This paper, based on the end using of mechanical sealing and functioning of catalysis centrifugal pump in Yumen Oil Refinery, explains the leakage of mechanical sealing of centrifugal pump, analyzes the mechanical sealing features from structure, reveals the leakage forms and presents a solution that the mechanical sealing can be replaced by the bellows mechanical sealing.
This paper depicts in detail the Cambrian profile in east Liaoning peninsula, divides it into eight stratum units upwards including Jianchang, Mantou, Maozhuang, Xuzhuang, Zhangxia, Gushan, Changshan and Fengshan formations, and compares them, thus unifying the lithological sequence, paleontological sequence and stratigraphic sequence. The paleographic spreading and sedimentary evolution of stratigraphic sequences can be well studied based on the lithology of sedimentary rocks and fossil distribution, providing a useful tool in recuperating the climatic and environmental changes in Liaoning peninsula.
Most resources-based cities have experienced a process of combination to separation of government-enterprises; however, a combination in management still exists in some cities, marked by a complicated relationship among central government, local government, state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in resources-based cities. This paper, based on a case study on Panzhihua City, analyzes the conflicts of state-owned enterprise in taking social responsibilities, offsetting deficient urban construction, developing regional economy and maintaining social stabilization among the above-stated four units, and presents some approaches, aiming at providing a reference for governments and enterprises to make policies and strategies.
One of hard points in transformation in mining cities is to rearrange large quantity of labors, which relates to many millions people’s benefits. The key approach to transformation in mining cities is how to transfer workers in the existing industries to new industries, how to ensure a social stability and how to promote a sustainable development. This paper based on a case study of Dongying city analyzes the main issues in labor transfer in petroleum industry and presents some suggestions.
This paper, based on a summary of land utilization division worldwide, analyzes the major issues with regard to land utilization division in land management in China, including a poor theoretical study on land utilization division, a nonstandard classification, incomplete system, and a lagging technical method. As land management policy varies in regions, land utilization division becomes increasingly important, which necessitates a thorough study. This paper discusses the contents and principles of land utilization division, and presents some suggestions for the future land utilization, offering assistance in land utilization division adaptable for China’s situation.
Land and resources survey, initiated by the central government to meet the social and economic growth, is a basic information integration funded by government; hence, the achievements shall be shared by public via a social service, which necessitates a systematic management system. This paper analyzes the factors which obstruct the public service of achievements, based on three system modules, and works out a system to guarantee the public service of land and resources survey achievements.
This paper, based on a bottleneck in three rounds of land utilization planning, discusses the major issues in the existing land utilization planning system, including: (1)incomplete and unclear planning system, (2)ambiguous tasks between different levels, and (3)a small link to trade planning and division. A preliminary framework regarding planning system construction is presented at three levels in land planning, land utilization planning and land utilization special planning with their internal structures and guidance, aiming to provide a reference for establishing land utilization planning system in China.
This paper, based on GDP, personal GDP, Engel’s Coefficient and industrial structure which can reflect regional economic development, analyzes the difference in regional economic development in Chongqing with Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangdong since 1997, discusses the strategy for regional economic development in Chongqing, and presents some macroscopic policies to coordinate the regional economic development.
This paper makes a case study of Xinghua city, determines land utilization division indexes in location and function based on macroscopic land utilization, agricultural lands, construction lands, and unutilized lands, applies cluster analysis to divide 34 towns within Xinghua city into 4 divisions: western ecological maintenance zone, urban core functional zone, southern key construction zone and central modern agricultural zone, which can provide a reference for the sustainable growth of lands and harmonious social and economic development in Xinghua city.
Urbanization and the third industrial development is an interactive progress. Based on this, the paper analyzes the evolvement of the third industry and population urbanization in Xinjiang from 1979 to 2005, including the relationship between population urbanization and the total yields, components, yield per person of the third industry, indicates that the third industrial development has a strong pushing to urbanization, and that urbanization rate is largely related to the third industry yield per person. Xinjiang government should enhance adjusting industrial structure, optimizing the internal structure and directing a harmonious development between urbanization and the third industry.
The ancient villages are a vital type in cultural heritages and a consequence of human’s wisdom and natural environment bearing important historic, artistic and scientific values. There are more than 30 ancient village sites in Mentougou area, western Beijing, which has been developed or are developing for tourism. This paper, based on a case study of Chuandixia village, analyzes its heritage resources, discusses the issues in tourism and presents some approaches to sustainable development of heritage tourism in Chuandixia village.
