FORECAST OF JIANGSU'S CARBON BALANCE POTENTIAL UNDER “DUAL CARBON” OBJECTIVES
This paper estimates Jiangsu's carbon emission and absorption and forecasts its future carbon balance potential, offering reference for China to reach strategic objectives of “2030 carbon peak, and 2060 carbon neutralization” (“dual carbon” objectives), and to materialize ecological civilization construction. This paper establishes an indictor system to forecast Jiangsu's carbon balance potential and improves STIRPAT model based on 1996 to 2019 carbon emission data and LMDI factors, which is used to forecast Jiangsu’s 2020 to 2060 carbon emission under 9 scenarios. GM(1, 1) is employed to forecast Jiangsu’s future carbon absorption and 2004 to 2060 carbon balance evolution. Results show that Jiangsu’s carbon emission grows fast, most contributed by population, income and energy structure, but offset by energy intensity and carbon emission intensity. According to the forecasted results of STIRPAT model, nine scenarios can be classified as high carbonhigh growth, intermediate carbonintermediate growth and low carbonlow growth in terms of cabon peak and time. The premium scenario 3 in the lowcarbonlow growth can reach carbon peak as early as in 2029, at 330 0386 kt carbon dioxide, and decline to 242 7419 kt in 2060. Jiangsu’s carbon absorption is forecasted to growth slowly, up to 30 mt carbon dioxide in 2053, and 30955 84 mt in 2060. Jiangsu will face a lagging carbon balance, with a peak deficit up to 302860 3 mt carbon dioxide in 2029, falling to 211786 0 mt in 2060. Carbon balance pressure index will fall to 784 in 2060 from 1216 in 2025, suggesting a big pressure over Jiangsu. Jiangsu has a limited ecological carbon absorption capacity, facing a big challenge on carbon balance even according to the premium scenario 3. This paper presents suggestions on adjusting energy high carbon structure, boosting green technical innovation, decreasing carbon emission, increasing green land area, protecting natural environment, raising carbon absorption capacity, developing green carbon reduction and technical carbonfixing, diminishing carbon deficit and mitigating cabon balance pressure from carbon emission, carbon absorption and carbon balance, which helps China reach 2060 carbon neutralization.
HFCV industry is a sustainable direction to fuel transformation and automobile industry; it catches China’s much attention. Due to the lagging fuel electric automobile industry, its operation is still in demonstration. Industrial evolution and changes are directly related to its development strategies and policies on HFCV industry; industrial predictability is a vital basis for a successful industrial policy. This paper, aiming at boosting China’s industrialization process of HFCV and at fulfilling the industrial policies, establishes a systematic dynamics causality model and stock flow model of HFCV in Jiangsu province based on related policies, reference and industrial plannings, which have been validated. Its evolutional trend and scenarios simulation and policy also reveal the impacts of different financial allowance policies on this sector. Under the current policies, it is hard to reach the 2030 objectives on HFCV stock and hydrogen fuel stations in that the purchase allowance policies have little impact on sales. Decreasing hydrogen price and increasing hydrogen fuel stations can boost this sector’s scale and industrialization. Gas-hydrogen stations, lower in cost, can have a better operating performance in meeting the demands of hydrogen compared with hydrogen stations. This paper presents suggestions on increasing inputs on HFCV industry, adjusting allowance policies, optimizing financial allowance allocation, focusing on hydrogen energy infrastructure construction, especially the hydrogen stations, decreasing purchase allowance. This also gives proposals on demonstrating purchase inputs at the prior stage, intensifying hydrogen(gas-hydrogen) station construction at the later stage. This study provides helpful references for governments to make appropriate industrial policies on HFCV industry.
QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION ON WATER-SAVING POLICIES DURING
“THE 13th FIVE-YEAR PLAN” BASED ON PMC INDEX MODEL
This paper, based on recognition of urban multiple-centralization spatial structure, analyzes their spatial conglomeration of different functionalities, and studies the expanding trend of suburbanization of downtown’s manufacturing in Shenyang, and presents references for upgrading Shenyang’s downtown manufacturing and urban spatial organization. This paper uses POI data, ArcGIS10.7, GeoDa1.12 and Crimestat 3.3 softwares to identify 2020 urban multiplecentralized spatial structure by means of core density, spatial hotspot conglomeration, standard variance eclipse and spatial auto-correlation, and measures their spatial correlation among different functional facilities, and analyzes the manufacturing conglomeration in 1998, 2008 and 2020. In 2020, Shenyang’s urban spatial structure is characterized by “multiple-centralized, layer-radiated”, forming three-hierarchy urban centralized systems through a urban planning “one-major-four-minor”, generally consistent with Shenyang’s 2011 to 2020 overall urban planning. Besides single center in downtown, each minor city also has itself minor center, corresponding to multiple-centralized urban spatial structure. During 1998 to 2020, manufacturing has been migrating outward from downtown, mainly distributing in the third and forth rings in west and south, like Tiexi new city and Yongan new city. Shenyang’s functional space displays southwest to northeast extension with “center-suburb” urban function system. Spatial correlation exists among different functional districts. Industrial district represented by manufacturing is exclusive with single urban function, having strong spatial correlation among residential, commercial, public administrative and functional facilities as a comprehensive servicing center. This paper presents suggestions for Shenyang on further improving urban functions and optimizing industrial layout, and boosting living services in the industrial district which is of urban core production functions.
As economic globalization develops, R&D plays a key role in increasing innovative capacities and booting economic structural optimization. Study on dynamic relation among R&D inputs, innovative performance and economic growth can give us a deep understanding on regional innovative transformation, and provide references on innovative drives changes. This paper uses Shandong’s 2012 to 2020 16 prefectures’ panel data to establish PVAR model, and applies pulse response function and deviation to their interaction among R&D inputs, innovative performance and economic growth, and their variance in Shandong’s three economic zones. R&D inputs show one stage lagging behind economic growth, but faster in capital and Jiandong economic zones with their contributing rates up to 40.1% and 39.8%, respectively. Economic growth plays an adverse role against innovative performance, more in Jiaodong economic zone. Innovative performance promotes economic growth, with a contributing rate up to 85.9% in southern Shandong economic zone. R&D inputs have a low contributing rate to innovative performance, lagging 1 to stages in Jiaodong economic zone. Innovative performance promotes R&D inputs in a lagging 1 stage, but faster in capital and Jiaodong economic zones, with a contributing rate up to 80.4% in southern Shandong economic zone. The results generally show an interactive promotion among economic growth, R&D inputs and innovative performance. In capital economic zone, economic growth and R&D inputs have promoting roles on innovative performance, with a low conversion capacity from economic growth and R&D inputs to innovative performance. In Jiaodong economic zone, an outstanding promoting role exists both between economic growth and R&D inputs, and between R&D inputs and innovative performance, but low in the conversion rate between innovative outputs and economic growth. In southern Shandong economic zone, economic growth and R&D inputs have promotion on innovative performance, but insufficient beneficial interaction among the three.
Advanced manufacturing plays a key part in China’s quality economic growth, mainly driven by innovation, which needs pay attention on how it works. This paper uses 2013 to 2019 A stock-listed advanced manufacturing companies data to study the tie between their strategic variance and innovation investments. Their research & development (R&D) investments vary largely with the strategies; the bigger the strategic variance, the lower the R&D investment. Trade credit financing is one of the mediating paths to impacting their R&D investments, suggesting strategic variance will decrease their R&D investments through constraining the advanced manufacturing companies’ trade credit financing size, outstandingly on those with more constraints. Results are still robust after verified by tool variable and adjusted strategic variances. This conclusion helps China’s advanced manufacturing select appropriate strategic position and advance technical innovation, and verifies the importance of trade credit financing on advanced manufacturing’s technical innovations. Advanced manufacturing companies need to consider the possible economic aftermath if they are off the conventional strategies, largely impacting their R&D investments. Most advanced manufacturing companies are suggested selecting a following strategy if they are not strong in innovative resources; their pursuit of eccentric strategy may be harmful to their technical innovation. This paper gives suggestions for advanced manufacturing companies on treasuring their credits, intensifying the ties with customers and suppliers, which may relieve their financing constraints due to strategic variance, favorable for their technical innovations.
As China’s strategy of “world scientific & technical power” develops, scientific & technical talents need more attention as part of regional competitiveness. This paper studies their inner, environmental and productive competitiveness of six regional integrations on scientific & technical talents in economy, industries, markets, ecological environment, infrastructure and public servicing in Yangtze River Delta, and uses 2010 to 2018 panel data of 41 cities to explore the heterogeneity of regional integration on talents competitiveness at different economic developing stages. Yangtze River Delta’s integration is currently in the form of market integration; innovation- and efficiency-driven urban integration are market integration and economic integration, respectively. Regional integration can attract more scientific & technical talents, boost their migration between industries and regions, increasing their internal competitiveness from quantity and quality. Regional integration provides a convenient and comfortable living environment, increases talents’ income, raises environmental competitiveness for talents. Regional integration also helps economic & scientific factors flow with removal of localized-benefit economy, and improves productivity of patent and economy, hence increases productive competitiveness of talents. Compared with innovation-driven cities, efficiency-driven cities pay more attention to increasing talents’ living level for promoting their quantity, but below innovation-driven cities both from patent and economic productive capacities. This paper presents suggestions on intensifying talents’ competitiveness in Yangtze River Delta from ecological green integration, public services integration and urban coordinated development in different stages.
MPACTS OF TECHNICAL INNOVATION ON GREEN TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY BASED ON ADJUSTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AGGLOMERATION
Study of impacts of technical innovation on green total factor productivity from perspective of industrial agglomeration is of strategic significance to promoting a coordinated development between technical innovation and green economy in China and keeping same pace between industrial development and environmental protection. This paper, based on 2008 to 2019 provincial panel data of Chinese provinces (cities), uses SBM model and GML indicator to estimate the dynamic changes of green total factor productivity in 30 Chinese provinces (cities), and applies threshold regression model and adjusting effect model to discuss the threshold and adjusting effects of financing & manufacturing conglomeration on technical innovative achievements and green total factor productivity. Results show a strikingly positive coefficient of technical innovative achievements on green total factor productivity, a positive adjusting and sole threshold effect of financing conglomeration on technical innovative achievement and green total factor productivity, and a negative adjusting of manufacturing conglomeration, and an outstandingly adjusting of local public budget, residents usable income per capita and foreign investment on green total factor productivity. This paper presents suggestions on focusing on their match between technical innovative achievements and green economic development, enabling digital financing to break the spatial barrier of financing, converting manufacturing to a quality conglomeration, properly allocating financing resources in environmental protection sector, and boosting supervision of foreign investment in environmental protection.
IMPACTS OF WATER RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS ON GREEN DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENCY IN YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE BASED ON MEDIATION AND INTERACTION OF INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT
IMPACTING MECHANISM OF INDUSTRIAL CO-AGGLOMERATION ON GREEN TECHNICAL INNOVATION IN YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE BASED ON MEDIATION OF TAX COMPETITION
SPATIAL PATTERN EVOLUTION AND FACTORS OF PRODUCER SERVICES IN YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE FROM PERSPECTIVE OF ENTERPRISES’ ENTRY
CARBON COMPENSATION QUANTIFICATION AND TEMPORAL-SPATIAL PATTERN IN YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE
Yellow River stream has lots of water resource issues, low quality and imbalanced. Understanding the factors influencing water resource use efficiency and mastering the relation between water resource use and high-quality economic development are important to boost the sustainable development in Yellow River stream. This paper uses undesired output super-efficiency SBM model and entropy to estimate 2011 to 2020 water resource use efficiency and high-quality economic development comprehensive index of Yellow River stream, and discusses their relation by means of Tapio decoupling model, and employs Tobit model to test the factors influencing water resource use efficiency. Results suggest that 2011 to 202 average water use efficiency in Yellow River stream is less than 1, far reach to be effective, but the high-quality economic development shows a rising trend, both varying geographically, decreasing from down-to upper-stream. Their relation has been fluctuating during 2011 to 2020, which had undergone weak decoupling, strong decoupling, expansive connection, weak decoupling, expansively negative decoupling and strong decoupling. Economic development level, technical innovation and governmental influencing power play a positive role on water resource use efficiency in Yellow River stream, but industrial structure and water use structure does on the contrast.
This paper establishes a spatial counting model via China’s 2008 to 2019 provincial panel data to study the relationship between traffic infrastructures and manufacturing’s exporting technical complexity, and to analyze the mediating effect mechanism of research & development staff turnover. Empirical study indicates that all traffic infrastructures positively promote the local manufacturing’s exporting technical complexity, but negatively on its surrounding areas mainly because traffic infrastructures promote trans-area turnover of R&D staff, increase the innovative elements conglomeration locally, leading to surrounding resources being relocated to locality, impairing their manufacturing productivities in the surrounding areas, and finally constraining the increase of manufacturing’s exporting technical complexity. Roads play a stronger role than rails. This paper presents references for local governments to develop their infrastructures according to their locality advantages and to boost a trans-area coordinated development of infrastructures.
How heavy pollution industries improve their capabilities in green technical innovation during performing social responsibilities is a hard issue to be facing in industrial transformation. This paper, based on China’s 2011 to 2020 stock-A-listed heavy pollution companies, consolidates their social responsibilities, executive incentives and green technical innovation into one framework, establishes a logistic system of green technical innovation of heavy pollution industries of “owner-mechanism-results” to verify their correlation between social responsibilities and green technical innovation. China’s heavy pollution industries are generally poor and imbalanced in performing their social responsibilities, however, conducting social responsibilities plays a positive role on their green technical innovation, more in nonstate-owned industries. Dominant incentives plays a mediating effect during social responsibilities impact green technical innovation, heavy pollution industries undertake social responsibilities, which may positively impact their green technical innovation through executive incentives. Recessive incentives can improve green technical innovation. This paper provides reference for China’s heavy pollution industries to reach a high-quality performance in green technical innovation, and provides important policy inspiration for optimizing the executive incentives of heavy pollution industries and enhancing the relationsheep between enterprise’s social responsibilities and green technology innovation.
INPUTS PRIORITY OF FARMLANDS HARNESS BASED ON ECOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY VARIANCE
Currently it has not doubt to exert green empowering effect of “New Infrastructural Construction” to confront the upcoming carbon peaking, constraints of natural resources, CoVID19’s impacts and technical industrial reform. High-tech industry is of intensive knowledge, low resource consumption and low pollution, its innovative capabilities can embody industrial advances and help convert economy to an intensive and environment-friendly mode. This paper, viewing from green recovery, studies the theoretical mechanism of “new infrastructural construction” on high-tech industrial innovation. Inputs and use of “new infrastructural construction" as a vital means of green development and industrial innovation matters. This paper, based on China’s 28 province’s 2008 to 2020 panel data, uses baseline regression model to study impacts of “new infrastructural construction” on high-tech industrial innovative capabilities which has been validated by stability test through replacement of variables. Regression analysis is also conducted on China’s east and west. Mediating effect model is applied to study the impacts of cost saving effect, overflow effect and human capital effect on high-tech industrial innovation. Overall, “new infrastructural construction” can improve high-tech industrial innovative capabilities, outstandingly in eastern China little in central and western China. Human capital effect is an important path to improving high-tech industrial technical innovative capabilities in “new infrastructural construction”, but cost saving effect has a little overflow due to its masking effect. It concludes that China should support “new infrastructural construction”, exerts governmental leading role in advancing investment in central and western China, makes “new infrastructural construction” a path to high-tech industrial innovative capabilities, which is key to economic development, ecological sustability and industrial innovation.
DOES CONSTRUCTION OF URBAN MINERALS DEMONSTRATING BASE RELIEVE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION FROM PARA-NATURAL TESTS?
Green development and circular economy are vital means for sustainable development. This paper, based on China’s 279 prefectures’ 2004 to 2018 panel data, uses urban minerals demonstrating base policy as a para-natural test to establish a DID （differences-in-differences） model, which is employed to study the impacts of construction of urban minerals demonstrating base on relieving environmental pollution, and the adjusting effect of research inputs and marketization degree. The results show that construction of urban minerals demonstrating base outstandingly relieves environmental pollution, which is offset by research inputs and marketization degree. Size heterogeneity test indicates that construction of urban minerals demonstrating base have less influence on relieving tier1 urban environmental pollution than non-tier 1. Regional heterogeneity shows that construction of urban minerals demonstrating base variably relieves urban environmental pollution, less in the central cities, strong in the eastern, and strongest in the western. Batch heterogeneity shows that 2015 demonstrating bases have the premium results, while 2012 just don’t. which is also validated by PSM-DID stability test. Empirical study on impacts and effects of construction of urban minerals demonstrating base can theoretically improve China’s performance evaluation framework in urban minerals demonstrating base policies, and practically help develop China’s circular economy. This paper presents scientific supports and theoretical basis for China to appropriately develop urban minerals, to reach green sustainable development and circular economy.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF LITHIUM MINERALS AND THEIR RECOVERY POTENTIAL OF CHINA’S NEW ENERGY PASSENGER VEHICLES
A precise estimate of recovery potential and spatial distribution of lithium minerals in China’s new energy passenger vehicles can ensure a fast growth of China’s new energy vehicle industry and lithium resource supply security. This paper, based on China’s new energy passenger vehicles production and market data, uses their unit power storage, battery types, unit power storage lithium use intensity, lithium battery life span to estimate lithium stock and recovery potential of China’s new energy passenger vehicles. The results show a fast rising trend of lithium stock and recovery potential of China’s new energy passenger vehicles in recent years, up to 22 kt of lithium stock in China new energy passenger vehicles by 2021, but their recovery potentials will not be at the same pace recently and in the near future, only reaching up to 730 t in 2021. In 2021, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Zhu River Delta contributed 60% of lithium recovery potentials nationwide, 18 cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou hold 73% of lithium recovery potential nationwide. Lithium stock and recovery potential of new energy passenger vehicles show a concentrating to scattering trend spatially in recent five years. This paper presents suggestions on globally developing lithium resource, boosting lithium research and industrialization and making regional lithium battery recovery system.
TEMPORAL-SPATIAL VARIANCE AND CONVERGENCE OF URBAN PER CAPITA ENERGY CONSUMPTION BASED ON CHINA ‘S 243 PREFECTURES DATA
Regional energy consumption variance has been negatively impacting economic structural transformation and China ‘s energy strategies due to multiple factors. Energy structure and energy consumption trend are studied to promote a coordinated development among economy, society, energy and environment, and materialize an optimized energy structural allocation and boost economic sustainability.This paper uses China ‘s 243 prefectures ‘ urban per capita energy consumption panel data from 2005 to 2019 to study the temporal-spatial distribution and evolution, and applies σ, β and club convergence to recognize its converging level of urban per capita energy consumption, and employs ordered regression model to study the mechanism of urban resources and initial resource development on urban per capita energy consumption transferring path. In China ‘s 243 prefectures, the urban per capita energy consumption has no overall convergence but club convergence, 4 converging clubs and 1 diverging club. Initial energy consumption level, urban industrial structure, opening-up level and per capital consumption level are the vital factors impacting club convergence. Opening-up level plays a negative role, and urban economic level and industrialized level play positively in clubs with higher per capita energy consumption. The reverse applies in clubs with lower per capita energy consumption. All factors work little in clubs with average. This paper presents suggestions on making appropriate policies and adjusting measures, maintaining proper population growth rate, increasing innovative level, altering industrial structure and degrading urban energy consumption.
Oil-gas contracts and fiscal & tax polices,which are two core factors in investing overseas oil-gas, largely determine the gain distribution mode and proportion between investors and hosting governments. This paper studies Colombia ‘s oil-gas fiscal & tax policies aiming at providing reference for Chinese investors under new situation. After introducing the history and situation of Colombia ‘s oil-gas fiscal & tax contracts, this paper establishes an economic evaluation model based on the fiscal & tax terms of new and old oil-gas contracts, which is used to economically evaluate oil-gas projects under multiple scenarios from oil price, production scales and API degree. Evaluation system is constructed, including 9 indicators on fiscal & tax economy and stability, to benchmark the top ten oil-gas resources countries in this area. Colombia ‘s new contract mode decreases the involvement and economic gain of hosting government and increases foreign investors ‘ operating freedom and economic gains. Multiple scenarios economic evaluation shows that the net cash flow per cubic meter under the high oil price is more than that of the low oil price. Heavy oil assets with lower API degree have tax incentives, and the tax cost per cubic meter increases under the high production scale. Colombia ‘s oil-gas fiscal & tax attractiveness benchmark shows that it ranks the fourth among South America ‘s top 10 oil-gas countries. Colombia ‘s oil-gas resources and fiscal & tax policies are of relative advantages in this area, of prospecting outlook in future oil-gas cooperation.This paper presents suggestion for Chinese investors on paying more attention to investing oil-gas industry in Colombia, focusing on the impact of assets type on economic benefits, and risks brought by policy adjustment.
China ‘s new energy vehicle industry is expanding as a strategic emerging industry and has become an important force in industrial upgrading. Its supply chain has been prolonged, detailed, and its industrial structure has been developing. Uncertain external environment and increasingly complicated internal structure make it important to understand the evolutionary mechanism and developing law of new energy vehicle industry. This paper, aiming at exploring the endogenous development mechanism of China ‘s new energy vehicle industry, uses China ‘s new energy vehicle trading data from 2008 to 2020 to establish a supply-demand dependance network among listed companies of this industry, and studies its evolutionary characteristics. Empirical research is carried out to verify evolutionary mechanism of the supply-demand dependance network based on financial data and public sentiment data, via stochastic actor-oriented model from three dimensions of endogenous network structure, situation factors and company attributes. China ‘s new energy vehicle industry shows a local-centralized supply-demand dependence structure, and regional leading enterprises are boosting their abilities in controlling supply chain. Formation and evolution of industrial supply-demand dependence network is impacted by endogenous mechanism, such as preference attachment effect and triangle loop effect, and promoted by co-executive relationship. This paper presents suggestions for advancing China ‘s new energy vehicle industry on regional commercial cooperation, optimizing co-executive relationship and caring vulnerable companies.Governments and professional associations should continue boosting industrial cluster construction and supporting regional integration on policies and standards, enhancing free migration of capital, technical and industrial data.Industrial policies are adjusted to optimize industrial demand-supply relation through constraining or promoting co-executive relationship.Tracking commercial sentiment can recognize potential dependance relation, comprehend industrial network dependance structure, helpful in directing investment and recognizing risks. Governments shall take care of vulnerable companies, be vigilant on industrial structural imbalance, and also pay attention to notable companies with higher standard operating code and supervision, fully disclosing their financial information.
MEASUREMENT OF HIGH-QUALITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN YANGTZE RIVER DELTA BASED ON INCLUSIVE TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY
IMPACTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ON INVESTING INCLINATION OF HEAVILY POLLUTING COMPANIES: BASED ON CHINA’S A-LISTED COMPANIES’ DATA
Environmental regulation can promote saving-energy-reducing-emission, and is a path to China ‘s green development. Companies will select appropriate investing strategies against strict environmental regulations.To explore how companies to confront environmental regulations with investing inclinations can help weigh execution effects of environmental regulations and provide suggestions on making proper environmental regulations.This paper uses environmental regulation indicators to estimate its regulation intensity of China ‘s 31 provinces(cities), and checks their investing inclinations of heavily polluting companies from green transformation motive and market profiting motive based on 2010—2019 A-listed heavily polluting companies ‘ non-balanced panel data, analyzes the effects under company ownership heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity, and further tests the potential mechanism of their investing inclinations. Study shows that environmental regulation largely promotes the green technical innovation of heavily polluting companies, but little on financialization.As environmental regulation gets enhanced, heavily polluting companies prefer to invest in green technical innovation, rather than increasing financial assets to deal with environmental harness pressure.This conclusion validates in lagging analysis, addingaltering controlling variables, dual clustering stability tests. Compared with central & western Chinese companies and private companies, environmental regulation promotes green technical innovation behaviors and quality more for eastern Chinese companies and state-owned companies. Further tests imply that intensifying environmental regulation may relieve its financing constraints to some degree, so promoting green technical innovation for heavily polluting companies.This paper suggests China continue to increase its environmental regulation standard and intensity, appropriately apply differentiated environmental policies, and encourage heavily polluting companies to carry out green competition, advance green financing development, establish environmental protection financing mechanism to mitigate financing problems, and support green financing business at the same time.
R&D INTENSITY, TAX INCENTIVE AND INNOVATIVE PERFORMANCE OF CHINA ‘S LISTED AGRICULTURAL COMPANIES: BASED ON RESOURCEBASED THEORY
