经营性自然资源资产有偿使用的制度分析：评述与展望

doi:10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241120.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着自然资源资产产权体系改革的逐步深化，我国以提升资源资产配置效率、推动资产价值显化和实现收益共享为核心目标，进行了一系列经营性自然资源资产有偿使用制度市场化改革的实践探索。论文首先梳理了经营性自然资源资产的制度变迁历程以及制度改革面临的突出问题，然后辨析了当前主要的改革路径与成效，最后对经营性自然资源有偿使用制度进行了展望。研究发现：1）经营性自然资源资产行权需要适宜的前置规则，才能更好地引导和规范作为代理人的地方政府行为，达成经营性自然资源资产可持续利用和收益共享等改革目标；2）中央设置的地方政府行为的激励结构尤为关键，且激励结构选择与地方政府行为本身受到地方条件的影响，后续研究还需要探究激励结构与地方条件如何共同影响经营性自然资源资产行权的政府角色；3）在经营性自然资源资产行权过程中，地方政府需通过统筹考虑自然、经济、社会、政治等多种因素的影响，善用市场机制，高效地实现好、维护好经营性自然资源资产的全民所有者权益；4）市场机制配置的要素是经营性自然资源，该机制内嵌于复杂的“社会-生态”系统（social-ecological system,SES）之中，后续研究需要基于系统论的研究视角，揭示影响经营性自然资源资产行权的市场机制选择的因素及其作用机理。

关键词: 经营性自然资源资产, 制度改革, 地方政府, 市场机制

Abstract: As reforming natural resources ownership advances, China, aiming to improve resources asset allocating efficiency, visualizing assets values and sharing gains, has conducted a lot of marketing reforms and practices of pay-for-using commercial natural resources rules. This paper overviews the evolution and challenges of commercial natural resources rules, and analyzes the major reform path and effectiveness. Rules have to be placed before owning commercial natural resource properties, which may better constrain agents' and local governmental behaviors and reach the objectives sustainability and sharing gains of commercial natural resource properties. Stimulation set by central government is key to local governments, selection of stimulating structure and local governmental behaviors are impacted by local conditions, which needs to be further studied in order to better fulfill governmental roles. Amid operating commercial natural resource properties, local governments need to master the marketing mechanism in consideration of nature, economy, society, politics to better maintain owners' gains. Commercial natural resources as market-allocated element inside the complicated social-ecological system need to be studied from systematic perspective to disclose the factors and marketing mechanism of owning commercial natural resources.

Key words: commercial natural resources assets, regime reform, local government, marketing mechanism

中图分类号:

F205

王荣宇, 吴舒湉. 经营性自然资源资产有偿使用的制度分析：评述与展望[J]. 资源与产业, 2024, 26(6): 24-32.

WANG Rongyu, WU Shutian. INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF PAY-FOR-USING COMMERCIAL NATURAL RESOURCES ASSETS: REVIEWS AND OUTLOOK[J]. Resources & Industries, 2024, 26(6): 24-32.

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