Abstract:

The black soil region as a vital crop area plays a key role in guaranteeing Chinese crop safety. Currently, the black soil region is facing some problems such as soil erosion and degeneration which largely affect the production capacity. The problems stem from two factors, natural and human, but the latter one is the major. This paper analyzes the natural causes and human causes, and presents some approaches to the black soil degeneration, as of significance to protect the black soil and enhance crop production.

Key words:

black soil; soil erosion; degeneration; human factors; northeast China

摘要：

东北黑土区是我国重要的粮食主产区，对于确保我国的粮食安全具有重要的意义。但是目前东北黑土区已经出现水土流失、黑土退化等问题，严重影响了黑土生产力的发挥和高效生产。黑土退化是自然因素和人为因素综合作用的结果，就目前而言人为因素是造成黑土退化的主要因素。本文通过分析黑土退化的自然原因和人为原因，提出了一些黑土区退化治理的建议，对于保护黑土资源、稳定黑土区的粮食生产具有重要意义。

关键词: 黑土；水土流失；退化；人为因素；东北黑土区