Abstract:

Because of poor climate conditions, shortage of water resource and extreme fragility of ecosystems, the ecological reclamation on destroyed land of mining area is extremely difficult in northwest arid desertification area. This paper, based on a case study on No.2 borehole in Hongshagang mining area, Minqing Taixi Coal Mining Ltd., makes a full investigation of climate, topography, soil, water, vegetation and other characteristics in the project area, presents an ecological reclamation target to reduce the original ecological disturbance, to protect the surface gravel layer, and to increase the surface vegetation cover in this area. The ecological reclamation plan is to plant ultra-dry bush (forest and grass) or grassland.This paper sets up a series of practical models of land ecological reclamation for northwest arid desertification area according to land utilization, which provides a reference for the similar lands in land reclamation and ecological rehabilitation.

Key words: arid desertification area, land reclamation, destroyed lands

摘要：

西北干旱戈壁荒漠区气候条件恶劣，水资源短缺，生态系统极度脆弱，矿区破坏土地复垦难度极大。本文以太西煤集团民勤实业有限公司红沙岗矿区二号井为例，在充分调查项目区气候、地貌、土壤、水源以及植被等特点的基础上，认为西北干旱戈壁荒漠矿区破坏土地生态复垦目标定位为尽量减少原生态扰动，以保护地表砾幂层、增加地表覆盖为核心进行植被建设；本区域土地生态复垦方向为超旱生灌木林（林间种草）或草地，并针对土地利用方向构建了一套适合西北干旱戈壁荒漠区的切实可行的土地生态化复垦模式，包括生态复垦措施及其规划布局方案，可为同类型区土地复垦与生态恢复提供一定的参考。

关键词: 干旱戈壁荒漠区, 破坏土地, 土地复垦