IMPACTS OF DIGITAL GOVERNMENT ON INDUSTRIAL TECHNICAL INNOVATION UNDER DIGITAL ECONOMY

doi:10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241129.001

Abstract

Abstract: Digital governmental construction is a fundamental and leading project for constructing network power and digital China, supporting industrial high-quality development. This paper, based on panel data of China's 30 provinces from 2011 to 2021, establishes a mediating effect model to test the impacts of digital government on industrial technical innovation, and to study the mediating effects in raising governmental efficiency, optimizing fiscal distribution and reducing administrative corruption. Digital governmental construction largely promotes industrial technical innovation, validated by robustness tests through replacing explained and explanatory variables, and using tool variables to process endogeneity. Digital government can improve industrial technical innovation through three ways, raising administrative efficiency, optimizing fiscal capital distribution and reducing administrative corruption with the mediating effect coefficients of 0.312 7, 0.215 7 and －0.088 2, further confirmed by Sobel test and bootstrap test. Promotion of governmental digitalizing transformation on industrial technical innovation has been marked in eastern, central and western China, more significantly in eastern China, in provinces with higher technical levels and in provinces with appropriate governmental size. China should accelerate governmental digitalizing transformation to empower industrial upgrading and technical innovation, leverage the advantages of digital governance to form a positive interaction with enterprises, and provide support for the rational allocation of social resources to promote the overall innovation. Governmental digitalizing transformation will probably become a guarantee to China's industrial technical innovation and economic growth and provides theoretical and practical references for high-quality industrial economy in the digital era.

Key words: digital government, digital economy, technical innovation, mediating effect

摘要： 数字政府建设是建设网络强国、数字中国的基础性和先导性工程，为工业企业高质量发展提供数智支撑。基于2011—2021年全国30个省份的面板数据，构建中介效应模型，实证检验了数字政府对工业企业技术创新的影响程度，以及提高政府部门的工作效率、提升财政资金分配的科学性和减少行政腐败在其中发挥的中介效应。实证检验结果显示：数字政府建设对于工业企业技术创新具有显著的促进作用，分别替换被解释变量和解释变量、使用工具变量法处理内生性问题进行稳健性检验后，该结论仍然成立；数字政府能够通过提高行政效率、优化财政资金分配和减少行政腐败3种途径提升工业企业技术创新水平，中介效应系数分别为0.312 7、0.215 7和-0.088 2，该结论在Sobel检验和bootstrap检验中得到进一步支持；政府数字化转型对工业企业技术创新的促进作用在我国东、中、西部地区均得到体现，在东部地区、整体技术发展水平较高以及政府规模适中的省份更加明显。基于此，提出以下政策建议：我国未来应顺应数字经济浪潮，加快推进政府数字化转型，赋能产业升级和企业技术创新；积极推动数字政府建设，不断发挥数字治理优势，形成与企业的良性互动；平衡各地区数字化基础设施供给与政府规模，对社会资源合理配置给予支持，提升社会整体创新水平。政府数字化转型有望成为中国工业企业技术创新和经济增长的保障，为数字时代工业经济高质量发展提供理论基础和实践启示。

关键词: 数字政府, 数字经济, 技术创新, 中介效应

CLC Number:

F424.3

GUO Mengran, ZHOU Qian, DENG Kai. IMPACTS OF DIGITAL GOVERNMENT ON INDUSTRIAL TECHNICAL INNOVATION UNDER DIGITAL ECONOMY[J]. Resources & Industries, 2025, 27(1): 132-145.

郭梦冉, 周茜, 邓凯. 数字经济背景下数字政府对工业企业技术创新的影响研究[J]. 资源与产业, 2025, 27(1): 132-145.

References

陈庆江, 2017. 政府科技投入能否提高企业技术创新效率?[J]. 经济管理, 39(2): 6-19.〔CHEN Q J, 2017. Does government spending on science and technology improve the efficiency of enterprise technology innovation?[J]. Business and Management Journal, 39(2): 6-19.〕

戴长征, 鲍静, 2017. 数字政府治理: 基于社会形态演变进程的考察[J]. 中国行政管理(9): 21-27.〔DAI C Z, BAO J, 2017. Digital governance: a perspective from social form evolvement[J]. Chinese Public Administration(9): 21-27.〕

党力, 杨瑞龙, 杨继东, 2015. 反腐败与企业创新: 基于政治关联的解释[J]. 中国工业经济(7): 146-160.〔DANG L, YANG R L, YANG J D, 2015. Anti-corruption and firm innovation: an explanation based on political relevance[J]. China Industrial Economics(7): 146-160.〕

樊纲, 王小鲁, 朱恒鹏, 2010. 中国市场化指数［M］.北京: 经济科学出版社.

韩春晖, 2021. 优化营商环境与数字政府建设[J]. 上海交通大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 29(6): 31-39.〔HAN C H, 2021. Optimization of business environment and construction of digital government[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences), 29(6): 31-39.〕

胡凯, 孔祥瑞, 张泽丰, 2023. 数字政府与财政透明度: 基于中国地级市的考察[J]. 城市问题(2): 83-93.〔HU K, KONG X R, ZHANG Z F, 2023. Digital government and fiscal transparency: an investigation based on China's prefectural-level cities[J]. Urban Problems(2): 83-93.〕

黄璜, 2020. 数字政府: 政策、特征与概念[J]. 治理研究, 36(3): 6-15.

黄亮雄, 孙湘湘, 王贤彬, 2019. 反腐败与地区创业: 效应与影响机制[J]. 经济管理, 41(9): 5-19.〔HUANG L X, SUN X X, WANG X B, 2019. Anti-corruption and regional entrepreneurship[J]. Business and Management Journal, 41(9): 5-19.〕

贾彩彦, 华怡然, 2023. 中国式现代化视域下数字政府建设与城乡收入差距解析[J]. 复旦学报(社会科学版), 65(2): 107-118.〔JIA C Y, HUA Y R, 2023. Analysis of digital government and urban-rural income gap from the perspective of Chinese path to modernization[J]. Fudan Journal(Social Science Edition), 65(2): 107-118.〕

李磊, 马欢, 2020. 数字政府能否留住外资?[J]. 中山大学学报(社会科学版), 60(4): 183-194.

梁鹤, 原超, 艾德洲, 2022. 政府数字化改革驱动的产业合作[J]. 科技管理研究, 42(18): 95-100.〔LIANG H, YUAN C, AI D Z, 2022. Industrial cooperation driven by government digitization reform[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 42(18): 95-100.〕

林伯强, 谭睿鹏, 2019. 中国经济集聚与绿色经济效率[J]. 经济研究, 54(2): 119-132.〔LIN B Q, TAN R P, 2019. Economic agglomeration and green economy efficiency in China[J]. Economic Research Journal, 54(2): 119-132.〕

刘传明, 马青山, 2020. 网络基础设施建设对全要素生产率增长的影响研究: 基于“宽带中国”试点政策的准自然实验[J]. 中国人口科学(3): 75-88, 127-128.〔LIU C M, MA Q S, 2020. Research on the influence of network infrastructure construction on total factor productivity growth: a quasi-natural experiment of “broadband China” pilot policy[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science (3): 75-88, 127-128.〕

刘金科, 肖翊阳, 2022. 中国环境保护税与绿色创新: 杠杆效应还是挤出效应?[J]. 经济研究, 57(1): 72-88.〔LIU J K, XIAO Y Y, 2022. China's environmental protection tax and green innovation: incentive effect or crowding-out effect? [J]. Economic Research Journal, 57(1): 72-88.〕

伦晓波, 刘颜, 2022. 数字政府、数字经济与绿色技术创新[J]. 山西财经大学学报, 44(4): 1-13.〔LUN X B, LIU Y, 2022. Digital government, digital economy and green technology innovation[J]. Journal of Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, 44(4): 1-13.〕

伦晓波, 刘颜, 沈坤荣, 2017. 政府角色与中小微企业发展: 基于江苏省13个地级市4574家企业调研数据[J]. 经济理论与经济管理(4): 82-96.〔LUN X B, LIU Y, SHEN K R, 2017. The role of government and the development of medium, small and micro-sized enterprise: based on the survey data of 13 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province[J]. Economic Theory and Business Management (4): 82-96.〕

孟天广, 2021. 政府数字化转型的要素、机制与路径: 兼论“技术赋能”与“技术赋权”的双向驱动[J]. 治理研究, 37(1): 5-14.

苗文龙, 何德旭, 周潮, 2019. 企业创新行为差异与政府技术创新支出效应[J]. 经济研究, 54(1): 85-99.〔MIAO W L, HE D X, ZHOU C, 2019. Innovation heterogeneity and the effect of government technological innovation expenditure[J]. Economic Research Journal, 54(1): 85-99.〕

任保平, 孙一心, 2023. 数字经济背景下政府与市场制度创新的协调研究[J]. 财经问题研究(4): 3-13.〔REN B P, SUN Y X, 2023. Research on the coordination of the government and market institutional innovation against the background of digital economy[J]. Research on Financial and Economic Issues(4): 3-13.〕

任曙明, 吕镯, 2014. 融资约束、政府补贴与全要素生产率: 来自中国装备制造企业的实证研究[J]. 管理世界(11): 10-23, 187.〔REN S M, LV Z, 2014. The financial constraints, the government subsidies and the factor productivity: a case study on the equipment: manufacturing enterprises in China[J]. Journal of Management World(11): 10-23, 187.〕

任弢, 王欣亮, 张家豪, 2023. 政府数字化转型何以提升区域创新绩效?[J]. 人文杂志(3): 121-130.

任晓猛, 钱滔, 潘士远, 等, 2022. 新时代推进民营经济高质量发展: 问题、思路与举措[J]. 管理世界, 38(8): 40-54.〔REN X M, QIAN T, PAN S Y, et al., 2022. Promoting the high-quality development of private economy in the new era: problems, ideas and policies [J]. Journal of Management World, 38(8): 40-54.〕

施炳展, 游安南, 2021. 数字化政府与国际贸易[J]. 财贸经济(7): 145-160. 〔SHI B Z, YOU A N, 2021. Digital government and international trade[J]. Finance & Trade Economics(7): 145-160.〕

孙薇, 叶初升, 2023. 政府采购何以牵动企业创新: 兼论需求侧政策“拉力”与供给侧政策“推力”的协同[J]. 中国工业经济(1): 95-113.〔SUN W, YE C S, 2023. How does government procurement promote enterprise innovation: on the synergy between demand-pull and supply-push of innovation policies[J]. China Industrial Economics(1): 95-113.〕

田尚, 2003. 我国企业技术创新动力不足的原因及对策[J]. 科技进步与对策(S1): 122-123.

童纪新, 殷铭, 2024. 数字金融、营商环境与企业双元创新[J]. 资源与产业, 26(2): 23-35.〔TONG J X, YIN M, 2024. Digital finance, commercial environment and enterprise's dual innovation[J]. Resources & Industries, 26(2): 23-35.〕

汪锋, 姚树洁, 曲光俊, 2018. 反腐促进经济可持续稳定增长的理论机制[J]. 经济研究, 53(1): 65-80.〔WANG F, YAO S J, QU G J, 2018. Sustainable and steady economic growth under anticorruption in China[J]. Economic Research Journal, 53(1): 65-80.〕

王健忠, 高明华, 2017. 反腐败、企业家能力与企业创新[J]. 经济管理, 39(6): 36-52.〔WANG J Z, GAO M H, 2017. Anti-corruption, entrepreneurial competencies and enterprise innovation[J]. Business and Management Journal, 39(6): 36-52.〕

王伟玲, 2022. 中国数字政府绩效评估: 理论与实践[J]. 电子政务(4): 51-63.〔WANG W L, 2022. Digital government performance evaluation in China: theory and practice[J]. EGovernment(4): 51-63.〕

王永贵, 李霞, 2023. 促进还是抑制: 政府研发补助对企业绿色创新绩效的影响[J]. 中国工业经济(2): 131-149.〔WANG Y G, LI X, 2023. Promoting or inhibiting: the impact of government R&D subsidies on the green innovation performance of firms[J]. China Industrial Economics(2): 131-149.〕

温忠麟, 叶宝娟, 2014. 中介效应分析: 方法和模型发展[J]. 心理科学进展, 22(5): 731-745.〔WEN Z L, YE B J, 2014. Analyses of mediating effects: the development of methods and models[J]. Advances in Psychological Science, 22(5): 731-745.〕

吴非, 常曦, 任晓怡, 2021. 政府驱动型创新: 财政科技支出与企业数字化转型[J]. 财政研究(1): 102-115.〔WU F, CHANG X, REN X Y, 2021. Government-driven innovation: fiscal technology expenditure and enterprise digital transformation[J]. Public Finance Research(1): 102-115.〕

夏唐兵, 2023. 数字政府建设与企业绩效提升: 数字经济的制度环境视角[J]. 商业经济研究(2): 103-107.〔XIA T B, 2023. Digital government and enterprise performance improvement: institutional environment perspective of digital economy[J]. Journal of Commercial Economics(2): 103-107.〕

杨大鹏, 陈梦涛, 徐梦周, 2023. 企业数字化转型能抑制“脱实向虚”吗: 基于A股上市公司的实证研究[J]. 浙江学刊(2): 144-152.

姚怡帆, 叶中华, 2021. 数字化转型中的政府与企业: 角色定位与关系建构[J]. 郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 54(4): 26-31.

〔YAO Y F, YE Z H, 2021. Government and enterprise in digital transformation: role positioning and relationship construction[J]. Journal of Zhengzhou University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 54(4): 26-31.〕

尹庆民, 林茵茵, 2024. 基于GTWR模型的数字经济对经济高质量发展的时空效应研究[J]. 资源与产业, 26(1): 86-99.〔YIN Q M, LIN Y Y, 2024. Temporal-spatial effects of digital economy on high-quality economic development based on GTWR model[J]. Resources & Industries, 26(1): 86-99.〕

袁建国, 后青松, 程晨, 2015. 企业政治资源的诅咒效应: 基于政治关联与企业技术创新的考察[J]. 管理世界(1): 139-155.

臧雷振, 熊峰, 2021. 政府效能和政府规模之间的隐性张力: 基于全球面板数据的实证分析[J]. 中山大学学报(社会科学版), 61(4): 194-206.

张晨, 2022. 全球数字政府建设现状及非均衡分析[J]. 数量经济技术经济研究, 39(3): 86-106.〔ZHANG C, 2022. International comparative study on digital government construction[J]. Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics, 39(3): 86-106.〕

张德涛, 张景静, 2022. 地方政府的行为选择与企业绿色技术创新[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 32(3): 86-94.〔ZHANG D T, ZHANG J J, 2022. Behavioral choices of local governments and corporate green technology innovation[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 32(3): 86-94.〕

张军扩, 侯永志, 刘培林, 等, 2019. 高质量发展的目标要求和战略路径[J]. 管理世界, 35(7): 1-7.

赵云辉, 张哲, 2019. 大数据发展、制度环境与政府治理效率[J]. 管理世界, 35(11): 119-132.〔ZHAO Y H, ZHANG Z, 2019. Big data development, institutional environment and government governance efficiency[J]. Journal of Management World, 35(11): 119-132.〕

周黎安, 陶婧, 2009. 政府规模、市场化与地区腐败问题研究[J]. 经济研究, 44(1): 57-69.〔ZHOU L A, TAO J, 2009. Government size, market development and corruption[J]. Economic Research Journal, 44(1): 57-69.〕

周文彰, 2020. 数字政府和国家治理现代化[J]. 行政管理改革(2): 4-10.〔ZHOU W Z, 2020. Digital government and the modernization of state governance[J]. Administration Reform(2): 4-10.〕

KRISHNAN S, TEO T, LIM V, 2013. Examining the relationships among e-government maturity, corruption, economic prosperity and environmental degradation: a cross-country analysis[J]. Information & Management, 50(8): 638-649.

LIANG L, LI Y, 2023. How does government support promote digital economy development in China?: the mediating role of regional innovation ecosystem resilience[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 188. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122328.

PRAKRIT S, ASHUTOSH J, DEBASHIS S, 2023. Examining the role of e-government in controlling corruption: a longitudinal study[J]. Information & Management, 60(1): 1-18.

TWIZEYIMANA J D, ANDERSSON A, 2019. The public value of e-government: a literature review[J]. Government Information Quarterly, 36(2): 167-178.

YAN Y C, LYU S J, 2023. Can e-government reduce local governments' financial deficits?: analysis based on county-level data from China[J]. Government Information Quarterly, 40(3). doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2023.101812.

ZHAO F, WALLIS J, SINGH M, 2015. E-government development and the digital economy: a reciprocal relationship[J]. Internet Research, 25(5): 734-766.

ZHAO Y, SONG Z Y, CHEN J, et al., 2023. The mediating effect of urbanization on digital technology policy and economic development: evidence from China[J]. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 8(1). doi: .1016/j.jik.2023.100318.

[1]	ZHANG Jie, ZHAO Xiangyang, PANG Qinghua, ZHANG Chenjun. IMPACTS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON PROVINCIAL GREEN WATER RESOURCES USE EFFICIENCY BASED ON SYSTEM GMM MODEL TESTS [J]. Resources & Industries, 2025, 27(1): 11-21.
[2]	Maynur, MA Jiyue. DIGITAL ECONOMY AND INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURAL UPGRADING: THEORETICAL LOGIC AND EMPIRICAL TEST [J]. Resources & Industries, 2025, 27(1): 22-34.
[3]	ZHANG Ning, MIAO Pu, DING Chenhui. IMPACTS OF HIGH-QUALITY HUMAN CAPITAL ON OPTIMIZATION OF DIGITAL INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE [J]. Resources & Industries, 2025, 27(1): 107-119.
[4]	SUN Huaping, CHEN Tingting, JIANG Chengfeng, ZHAO Jiawen. CAN DIGITAL ECONOMY PROMOTE URBAN GREEN COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT? [J]. Resources & Industries, 2024, 26(6): 1-16.
[5]	GUO Yuanwei, ZHI Yuan. IMPACTS OF ENTERPRISE HETEROGENEITY ON LOW CARBON TECHNICAL COOPERATION STABILITY [J]. Resources & Industries, 2024, 26(5): 145-153.
[6]	ZHANG Bing, YU Yichen, ZOU Chen. DOES WATER ECOLOGICAL CIVILIZATION URBAN CONSTRUCTION PILOT IMPACT GREEN EFFICIENCY OF INDUSTRIAL WATER RESOURCES? [J]. Resources & Industries, 2024, 26(4): 62-74.
[7]	RONG Yi, HU Haisheng. IMPACTS OF RESOURCES TAX ON LABOR EMPLOYMENT UNDER TECHNICAL INNOVATION [J]. Resources & Industries, 2024, 26(3): 160-170.
[8]	YANG Kaijun, CAO Anqi, FANG Cihui. IMPACTS OF NEW ENERGY VEHICLE INDUSTRIAL AGGLOMERATION ON REGIONAL GREEN ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY BASED ON A CASE STUDY ON YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE [J]. Resources & Industries, 2024, 26(1): 35-49.
[9]	YIN Qingmin, LIN Yinyin. TEMPORAL-SPATIAL EFFECTS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON HIGH-QUALITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BASED ON GTWR MODEL [J]. Resources & Industries, 2024, 26(1): 86-99.
[10]	ZHOU Shenbei, YANG Zhe, ZHANG Guiqing. IMPACTS OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT ON TECHNICAL INNOVATION OF CHINA‘S MINOR ENTERPRISES FROM PERSPECTIVE OF RESOURCES-BASIS VIEW [J]. Resources & Industries, 2023, 25(4): 93-104.
[11]	QIU Lei, MA Beiwen, ZHOU Qin, CHENG Changgao. IMPACTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ON INVESTING INCLINATION OF HEAVILY POLLUTING COMPANIES: BASED ON CHINA’S A-LISTED COMPANIES’ DATA [J]. Resources & Industries, 2023, 25(3): 92-106.
[12]	ZHANG Qian, MEI Yali, WANG Kui. RELATION AMONG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TAX, TECHNICAL INNOVATION AND MANUFACTURING PERFORMANCE UNDER MODERATED MEDIATION [J]. Resources & Industries, 2023, 25(3): 107-120.
[13]	GAO Zhixin, XU Jixiao. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES, EXECUTIVE INCENTIVES AND GREEN TECHNICAL INNOVATION OF HEAVY POLLUTION INDUSTRIES [J]. Resources & Industries, 2023, 25(2): 88-100.
[14]	WAN Xin, SU Pengcheng, MAO Peng. A PATH TO POLLUTION CONTROL UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS VIEWING FROM HETEROGENEITY GOVERNANCE BASED ON SPATIAL DIFFERENCE OF MEDIATING EFFECT [J]. Resources & Industries, 2022, 24(5): 108-116.
[15]	CHEN Shuwei, HAN Li. DOES GOVERNMENTAL ALLOWANCE PROMOTE ENTERPRISES' GREEN TECHNICAL INNOVATION LEVEL VIEWING FROM INFORMATION TRANSMISSION? [J]. Resources & Industries, 2022, 24(5): 98-107.