The changes in land utilization have big influence over the ecosystem service function in mining area. This paper, based on land utilization data in Pingshuo mining area, studies the ecosystem service value in different land types and the total ecosystem value, indicates that the ecosystem service value had a decreasing trend during 1985 to 1990, from 312.7 million yuan to 303.48 million yuan, and a increasing trend during 1990 to 2005, up to 3110.9 million yuan. Two simulations with rehabilitation and without had been set to compare. Without rehabilitation, the total ecosystem value is decreasing, only 264.01 million yuan in 2005; while the total ecosystem value is increasing with rehabilitation, up to 498.36 million yuan in 2005, implying the rehabilitation plays a vital part in the sustainable development of ecosystem in mining area.
The environment in mining cities is frail, whose sustainable development catches much attention from public. This paper, based on an evaluation of ecological footprint models, analyzes the ecological footprint structure and loading structure in mining city Wu’an in 2005, compares among five other mining cities in regional resources utilization and sustainable development. The results indicate that the per capital ecological footprint is much bigger than per capital loading in mining cities, implying a deteriorating development. The ecological deficit is derived from big energy consumption in mining cities. This paper presents some suggestions for the sustainable development in mining cities.
Due to a big demand of ore resources and some minerals in short, China mining companies shall look for foreign investment as a supplement to internal market. This paper discusses the investment preference of “going abroad” of China mining, analyzes the status of foreign investment, selects the ore minerals and regions as the major factors and determines China’s short minerals as the investment preference.
This paper defines the Big Lijiang river tourism economic zone, discusses how to construct the tourism economic zone based on tourism products development, and presents four product groups and five strategies to develop the big Lijiang river tourism products following the six principles.
This paper gives a brief introduction to the foreign marine oil-gas exploration methods. By studying the marine oil-gas exploration experiences, this paper gets an understanding of geophysical methods which are applied in big foreign oil companies, discusses the marine oil-field exploration modes, offering a reference to develop the marine oil-gas in the future.
Oil-gas industry is a key part in Russia’s economy. The oil-gas tax is a major source of governmental financial income. This paper analyzes the background of Russia’s oil-gas market and tax policies, studies the trend of oil-gas resources tax and policies and presents a reference to the China and Russia’s oil-gas cooperation in the future.
This paper, based on the 2008 edition of the BP statistical review of world energy, gives an introduction to China’s reserves and production of oil, natural gas, coal and comsumption of primary energy(including oil, natural gas, coal, hydropower and nuclear energy), which has been compared among other countries. China is a big nation to produce and import oil. The proved gas reserve and production continue to increase to make China one of the top ten gas producers. China with abundant coal reserves ranks the third in remaining coal reserves and is the largest to produce coal. The gross primary energy consumption is only lower than the America, of which the coal is of bigger proportion and the oil and gas are lower than the world’s average.
Mineral resources are fundamental to economic development. The regional mineral resources competency has a close relation to mining industry development and mineral products supply. This paper defines the connotation of mineral resources competency, establishes five evaluation systems and 22 indexes, including mineral occurrence, development, market, ecoenvironment, and economy, and forms one simple model which incorporates the mineral types, ranges, and methods. Moreover, this paper studies the comprehensive competency of 23 minerals in Hebei province, presents some approaches to mineral resources competency and provides a reference to explore, develop and utilize the minerals.
It is popular to study the principal functional regions within Xinjiang, but unpopular from a country-spanning regional cooperation. This paper, based on a theory of classifying principal functional region, analyzes its particularity in border areas, and establishes an index system to classify the principal functional regions in Xinjiang.
This paper applies ten economical, social and environmental indexes which influence urban land intensive utilization to evaluate the land intensive utilization among 14 cities in Liaoning province, indicating a big variance that the urban intensive utilization index is high in developed areas, but low in western and eastern Liaoning. The correlation ratio between urban land intensive utilization and pre capital GDP is 0619, which means an obvious correlation between the both.
Whether the existing geological disasters or the potential ones have big impacts on land utilization, which shall be paid more attention. This paper, based on the relation between land and geological disasters, expands the significance of geological disasters evaluation, land evaluation, and even to society, economy, and ecology, and suggests enhancing land evaluation management, revising land evaluation standards and encouraging theoretical study to establish a ecological sustainable development.
This paper, aiming at the issues in plowlands balance, applies the comprehensive methods to study the supervision mechanism of plowlands balance. The plowlands balance self-supervision mechanism is a base to make land policies. The existing mechanism issues can be resolved through renewing plowlands quality supervision, provincial plowlands balance supervision, and national key plowlands balance mechanism.
This paper gives a brief introduction to plowlands resources, dynamic changes, and production potential, analyzes the existing issues, stresses the significance to protect the plowlands, summarizes the land protection experience, and presents some new means and modes to protect the plowlands in Yongcheng city.
This paper illustrates the significance of popular science propaganda on geoparks′ construction and development, establishes a successful model of popular science propaganda that includes an accurate propaganda object, an appropriate propaganda medium and a right content, and presents some suggestions boosting the self-geopark.
Peasantry’s centralized living will become necessary as the economy goes on, which as well is a vital component of socialism’s new rural construction. Their centralized living, however, has a lot of issues such as rural economic growth, industrial structure adjustment, rural land rights and policies, inaccurate planning, limited land adjustment, conflicting demands among different groups, which need a united planning. This paper, taking a case study of Jiangsu province, analyzes the drives and blocks of peasantry’s centralized living, establishes a dynamic model, studies the beneficial drive, industrial drive, system drive, peasantry’s repellency and capital resistance, and presents some approaches to peasantry’s centralized living as a reference to the sustainable development.
China’s geoparks construction has attained big achievements, but with issues in planning, application management, and marketing. This paper analyzes the issues, and presents some approaches in united planning, management and brand marketing so as to ensure a sustainable development in geoparks construction.
This paper, based on a review of application of RS and GIS, gives an introduction to the application of GIS and RS in land science, presents the future application, and stresses the significance of RS and GIS in land science.
County economy is a fundamental part in the national economy. The economic development in resources-based counties depends upon not only the natural resources, but also, and more, their self-formed spatial economic systems and competency, especially in the whole region or whole country. Porter’s diamond model was applied to analyze the economic development in resources-based counties and presents some approaches in ameliorating competition and operation environment, amending demand environment, improving production environment and reforming support environment.
This paper, based on an on-site visit to tourism operators, discussion, and questionnaire survey to visitors in Xiaozhaizigou area, analyzes the tourism models in Wulongzhai, Qingpian town, and Xiwoqiangzhai, summarizes an appropriate operational model to develop Xiaozhaizigou folk ecological tourism, presents some suggestions and feasible means to develop the folk ecological tourism for Xiaozhaizigou and related areas.
As oil field exploration technology develops, 3D seismic data have been covering the vicinity of Daqing oilfield. In order to understand the structure, lithology in this area and to look for new reserve, it is necessary to process and interpret the oil exploration data. This paper, taking Putaohua and Fuyang oil-bearing sequences as target beds, processes and interprets the 3D seismic data in Sanzhao area in high resolution. Combined with geology, logging, oil testing data, sedimentary facies, prioritizes the favorable oil-bearing areas, discovers a few oil-bearing blocks, which have been put into production. The joint processing technology has been proved for its validity.
This paper, based on field observation and data review, classifies the geological relics resources in Bayannur geopark, summarizes the human scenical resources, clarifies the major tourism resource, and presents some approaches to geological relics protection and tourism development.
This paper, based on the abnormal methane area and coal dust while mining in low-methane mines, applies the coalbed injection at the working face in Cheji coal mine, which demonstrates this method can effectively decrease the methane concentration and coal dust. This method shall be used extensively.
Wenkou basin is abundant in gypsum resource with good quality, but complicated in its hydrology induced by structure. This paper, based on the experience in exploring gypsum deposit in adjacent areas, applies the comprehensive methods to explore the Xinzhuang gypsum deposit which incorporate geophysical, drilling, and hydrological drilling, and proves the structures and aquifers within ore blocks. The geophysical methods play a key role, including 2D seismic and PE. Drilling and hydrological drilling demonstrate further the geophysical achievements.
Air PM2.5and PM10 samples that were concurrently collected during March 5-14, 2008 were analyzed in their pollution level, daily changing trend, the ratios of PM2.5/PM10, and influent factors with results indicating that the daily average concentration of PM10 was 220.0 μg/m3, 46.7% more than the second national standard (150 μg/m3), and that the daily average concentration of PM2.5 was 132.5 μg/m3, 103.8% more than the US’s standard. This reveals a severe atmospheric particle pollution in this area. PM2.5 which is more harmful to human is a major component of PM10, about 63.6% on average. PM2.5 and PM10 concentration has a good correlation with humidity and wind velocity, increasing with the increasing of humidity and the temperature, and decreasing with the increasing of wind velocity. The meteorological conditions plays a key role in atmospheric particle pollution. This paper presents a reference to prevent air particulate pollution and to make policies.
This paper, based on a comprehensive evaluation of resource and environmental load of regions, states and cities in Xinjiang, applies the weights of each index, calculates their comprehensive loads of resource and environment, compares them based on a ranking, and analyzes the factors contributing to the different loads.
This paper via the Kuznets theory, based on temporal sequences, representative environmental economic index, available environmental economic data, selects per capital GDP as economic index, three wastes (water, gas and solids) as environmental indexes to analyze the correlation between economic development and environmental pollution by means of SPSS130 in recent 2 decades. All indexes have been processed into standardization and simulated with SPSS. The economicenvironmental regression model and Kuznets curves together show an unstable EKC stage in Ningxia, denying a “first polluting and then meliorating” model. It is necessary to change the economic development model for a sustainable development of population, resources and environment.
This paper, based on the environmental data and climatic data during January 1st 2003 to December 31st 2007, systematically analyzes the variance between the average SO2 pollution concentration and monthly, seasonal, yearly, heating period, and non-heating period SO2 pollution, and selects SO2 as the chief pollution material to discuss the relationship between the average SO2 pollution concentration and ground climates.
This paper, aiming at the sustainable development, uses the eco-footprint model to calculate the eco-footprint during 1985—2005 in Yibin city, and analyzes the eco-footprint safety, with results indicating a big dynamic change in per capital eco-footprint, increasing trend in general, decreasing trend in per capital eco-loads with asymmetric structure (chiefly, plowlands). The per capital eco-deficit fluctuated largely, emerging since 1985, to some extent, becoming severe in 2005. The eco-footprint pressure index displays an increasing trend from 1985 to 2005. The ecological safety becomes continuously decreasing, undergoing safe, less safe, unsafe, and very unsafe stages. Human’s living and production has a bigger and bigger impact over eco-footprint safety. The land demands and supply will become sharp in the future in Yibin city.
The changes in land occupancy forms bear the characteristics of times. The imperialist invaders broke the normal development of old China’s self-demand-self-supply economy. During land privatizing, the land ownership had been concentrated on the hands of old landlords, new bureaucracy, business men, usurers and imperialist invaders, resulting in a worsening living condition to China’s peasants. This paper, based on the changes in land occupancy forms and landlord class, insists on a necessity of “collective ownership of land” during land moving and contracting.
This paper, based on the deficiencies in land laws, discusses how to optimize from legislation the land management laws and regulations, analyzes the operational environment of land management laws and regulations from enhancing propaganda, punishment and governmental responsibilities.
To develop the cycling economy is a necessity for sustainable development of society. This paper, based on the cycling economy theory, analyzes the cumbers from many views, and presents some approaches to the cycling economy and to the economic growth means.
Chinese resources-based enterprises are now facing how to transform their industrial modes so as to achieve the sustainable development. The challenges come from the non-recovering resources, deteriorating environment, fast industrial changes, furious market competition, which necessitates an industrial transformation for these enterprises. This paper, theoretically, discusses the transformation modes and presents some suggestions enhancing enterprise's sustainable development, which therefore can boost the local economic and social development where the enterprises are located.
By means of data review and causality analysis, this paper studies the progress of supplementary quantity and quality of arable lands converted by grade, indicating that it develops through policy proposal, base work and tentative practice. The future shall be focused on its continuity and technical optimization. Now it is appropriate to carry out the supplementary quantity and quality of arable lands converted by grade.
Chongqing city is a traditional base of heavy industry, famous for its manufacturing. This paper, by means of the shift-share analysis, studies the factors influencing manufacturing industry and ranks their competitiveness in its included thirty industries. The SWOT has been applied to quantitatively analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges. This paper presents three strategies, scientific innovation, human resources development and industrial grouping development.
Since 2002, the global mining acquisition has been surging. Recently, big groups and transnational companies prefer the merger and acquisition, which integrates the resources, but monopolizes the market. Following a sharp rise and fall in iron ores, China as the biggest importer of iron ores, shall make an appropriate strategy for iron ores.
It is of significance to study to the difference between China and SEC in oil reserve estimation and information disclosure which directly affects the reputation and stock price of SinoPec. Based on the reference of SEC's methods of oil-gas reserve estimation and information disclosure, this paper analyzes the difference in estimating the oil-gas reserve between USA and China, and presents some workable means for China to estimate oil account reserve and to disclose information.
The recycling economy becomes a new mode for the sustainable development as people have a common recognition globally. Hence, the green marketing develops into typical new concept marketing in human marketing times. This paper, based on the recycling economy theory, expands the significance for enterprises to carry out green marketing strategy, and presents some major approaches to green marketing strategy.
This paper, based on the regional sustainable development mechanism, discusses the resource-environment industrial transformation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, analyzes the heterogeneity, openness and difference in regional industrial structures, which shall be integrated so as to achieve the complementarity during regional industrial development. Under the resources and environment and ecological capacity, this paper discusses how to set up an integration mechanism of regional development and urban space, and presents some suggestions on industrial transformation and structural adjustment.
Energy, as human and social necessity, can accelerate the economic growth, but can become a hindrance as it does not meet the economic requirement. Now China has a fast increase for energy during high-speed economic development. China has established our own energy strategy in order to guarantee economic-social development. This paper, from energy consumption, analyzes the energy consumption flexible ratio, intensity, and structure, presents some suggestions for reference.
The comprehensive agricultural production is a key point to develop the rural economy, which can also increase farmers' profit. This paper sets up some indexes to assess the comprehensive agricultural production, analyzes the comprehensive agricultural productions in various areas in Xinjiang, discusses the existing issues and presents approaches.
