数字经济对省际绿色水资源利用效率的影响研究——基于系统GMM模型的检验

doi:10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20241015.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究数字经济与绿色水资源利用效率之间的内在联系，选取2012—2022年全国31个省份（香港、澳门和台湾除外）的面板数据进行研究，采用包含非期望产出的SBM-DEA模型计算各省份的绿色水资源利用效率，用主成分分析法测算省际数字经济发展水平，运用系统GMM模型研究二者之间的因果关系，实证分析数字经济对绿色水资源利用效率的影响。研究表明：1）从全国范围来看，数字经济对绿色水资源利用效率具有显著的正向促进作用，经济发展水平、财政集中度和市场化水平对提高绿色水资源利用效率有一定作用，而制造业发展水平则在一定程度上阻碍其提高。2）稳健性检验结果表明，采用解释变量再度量、缩尾处理、剔除直辖市、缩短样本年限等4种方法分别进行稳健性检验后，核心解释变量的显著性水平和相关系数正负性均没有变化，数字经济促进绿色水资源利用效率提高的结论存在稳健性。3）区域异质性检验结果表明，数字经济的影响效果在东中西部地区存在显著差异，相对于中西部地区，数字经济对东部地区的绿色水资源利用效率提高存在更为明显的正向推动作用。4）中介效应检验结果表明，三大产业的结构水平变化对绿色水资源利用效率提高有着不同程度的影响，其中第一、第二产业结构升级对数字经济促进绿色水资源利用效率提高起到中介作用。基于上述研究结论，提出如下对策建议：保障产业结构安全稳定，采取差异化的数字经济发展战略；加强数字经济基础设施建设，强化专业性人才队伍建设；加大数字经济创新研发投入，采取综合性措施提档升级。研究结论对推动数字经济发展、提高绿色水资源利用效率、促进我国经济高质量发展具有重要意义。

关键词: 数字经济, 绿色水资源利用效率, 系统GMM模型, 数据包络分析, SBM-DEA模型

Abstract: To reveal the relationship between digital economy and green water resources use efficiency, this paper selects the panel data of China's 31 provinces (excluding Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan) from 2012 to 2022 to establish a non-expected output SBM-DEA model which is used to calculate their green water resources use efficiencies, and applies principal component analysis to measure their provincial digital economic levels, and employs GMM model to study their causality. Green water resources use efficiency is significantly positively impacted by digital economy, positively by economic level, financial concentration and marketing level, negatively by manufacturing level. Robustness test based on four methods, explanatory variables remeasurement, tail-shrinking treatment, removal of municipalities, and shortening sample years, suggests that the outstanding levels and polarity of coefficients of key explanatory variables remain unchanged, meaning a robust conclusion that digital economy promotes green water resources use efficiency. Regional heterogeneity test shows that the impacting effect of digital economy is more significant in eastern areas than in western and central areas. Mediating effect test reveals that structural level changes of three industries variably impact green water resources use efficiency, among which structural upgrading of the first and the second industries plays a mediating role in promoting green water resources use efficiency. This paper presents suggestions on securing industrial structural stabilities and applying differentiated digital economic strategies, on boosting infrastructural construction of digital economy and intensifying talents education, and on increasing R&D inputs and applying comprehensive measures to upgrade digital economy. This conclusion is of significance for driving digital economic development, raising green water resources use efficiency and promoting China's high-quality economy.

Key words: digital economy, green water resources use efficiency, system GMM model, data envelopment analysis, SBM-DEA model

中图分类号:

F205
F124.5

张捷, 赵乡阳, 庞庆华, 张陈俊. 数字经济对省际绿色水资源利用效率的影响研究——基于系统GMM模型的检验[J]. 资源与产业, 2025, 27(1): 11-21.

ZHANG Jie, ZHAO Xiangyang, PANG Qinghua, ZHANG Chenjun. IMPACTS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON PROVINCIAL GREEN WATER RESOURCES USE EFFICIENCY BASED ON SYSTEM GMM MODEL TESTS[J]. Resources & Industries, 2025, 27(1): 11-21.

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