Abstract:

The Cartel characteristic for OPEC is closely related to oil market and strategy. This paper, according to historical data, studies Cartel characteristic of OPEC based on oil-price system and production quota system, finds out that the oil-price has been gradually terminated, marking a weakening or even withered Cartel capacity in controlling oil price for OPEC. The production quota system played a key part and is still playing. In the future the market still has a base for OPEC to intensify its Cartel characteristic under a big conflict in oil supply and demand, optimization in its organization and operation mechanism, while the energy’s substitutes can not really shake the OPEC’s Cartel control on global oil market.

Key words: OPEC, Cartel characteristic, oil-price system, production quota system

摘要：

欧佩克卡特尔特征直接与石油市场、战略政策制定等密切相关。本文依据历史现状资料，对基于油价体系及生产配额制度的欧佩克卡特尔特征进行了研究。油价体系的逐渐终结，标志着欧佩克实施控制油价的卡特尔能力在弱化甚至消亡。生产配额制度在历史上发挥了重要作用，并在发挥作用。未来欧佩克强化卡特尔特征的物质基础的客观存在、供需矛盾的日益突出、组织机构及其运行机制的完善，都在不断强化欧佩克卡特尔特征，而能源替代等并不能真正撼动欧佩克卡特尔对世界石油市场的控制力。

关键词: 欧佩克, 卡特尔特征, 油价体系, 生产配额制度