Abstract:

Economic system of geological environment is a basic system in market economy. Its core is to the externalities and property rights. This paper analyzes the issues in protecting geological environment, indicates the urgency to establish the economic system of protecting geological environment, studies the externalities according to two factors “natural disasters” and “man-made calamity”, which are a new challenge to geological environment protection. This paper based on the effect and property rights of geological environment, discusses the mechanism to protect geological environment and presents ten ways in control and encouragement to construct economic system.

Key words: economic system of geological environment, externalities, property rights

摘要：

地质环境经济制度是市场经济体制中地质环境保护的基本制度，其核心是解决地质环境保护的外部性和产权问题。本文通过分析我国地质环境保护中存在的问题，指出了构建地质环境保护经济制度体系的紧迫性，根据地质环境问题存在“天灾”和“人祸”两类引发因素的情况，分析了地质环境保护中的外部性，并指出其对地质环境保护提出的新挑战。同时，通过分析地质环境的效用和产权问题，探讨了地质环境保护的主要机制，最后，提出了控制类、激励类两类共十大经济制度体系建设的构想。

关键词: 地质环境经济制度, 外部性, 产权