Abstract:

America and China, ranking No.1 and No.2 in energy production, import and consumption, play a critical role in the global energy structure, economic growth and environmental protection. This paper, according to detailed statistical data, compares the both nations’developing situation, features and trend in energy consumption and supply, and reveals an energy relation of “competition-upstream and cooperation-middle to down-stream”. Face to the global energy shortage and environmental pollution, China and America have a wide cooperation fields in energy high-efficiency utilization, carbon emission reduction, developing non-normal energies, clean energies and renewable energies.

Key words: energy relation, energy development, energy consumption, energy supply, China and America

摘要：

美国和中国，作为世界上第一、第二大能源生产、能源进口和能源消费的超级大国，其能源发展对整个世界的能源格局、经济增长、环境保护都起着举足轻重的作用。本文根据详尽的统计数据，对比分析了中美两国能源消费和能源供给的发展现状、特征及趋势，从而揭示了中美两国之间“上游竞争、中下游合作”的能源关系。为了应对能源短缺和环境污染的全球性问题，中美两国，在推进能源的循环高效利用、降低碳排放、开发利用非常规能源、清洁能源和可再生能源等环保节能方面，有着更加广泛的合作领域。

关键词: 能源关系, 能源发展, 能源消费, 能源供给, 中美