Abstract:

From a perspective of economics, land can be regarded as a sum of all attributes. This paper, given farmland is of private ownership, sets up a farmland property right model subject to governmental behavior, uses Barzel’s theory to classify the public lands into I, II and III categories, relabeling the property right relations among state, agricultural collective organizations and farmers. The results show that the land ownership refers to an exclusive right with values, the land structure is composed of four sources at variable proportion, and that transaction cost leads to a necessary existence of the public domain of land property right, a maximized net rent value is based on a lowest rent cost or a wholly monopolized public domain. This paper states that all farmland property rights are dismembered so that farmers only control the property right in production.

摘要：

从经济角度看，土地可以看做是各种属性的总和。本文以具有私人物品性质的农地为前提，构造一个内生政府行为的农地产权模型。运用巴泽尔的产权理论划分土地的公共领域Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ，重新诠释国家、农村集体组织和农户之间的土地产权关系。理论实证分析表明：土地产权指的是可以行使的土地有价值属性的排他性权利，其来源有4种，4种来源的不同比例构成了我国的土地产权结构；交易费用的存在致使土地产权的公共领域必然存在，只有寻租成本最低的人或组织完全垄断公共领域才能实现净租值最大化。本文归纳指出现阶段农地各种属性的产权的分割，农户控制的是农地用于生产功能属性的产权。

关键词: 土地所有权, 土地产权, 公共领域, 巴泽尔理论