Abstract: This paper applies AHP, entropy and clustering analysis to evaluate and optimize the petroleum investment environment in South America from infrastructures, oil resources situation, politicaleconomic situation and oil laws and regulations, oil management regime and international cooperation, aiming at providing reference for Chinese investors in investing the oil resource in South America and at enhancing the energy cooperation with South America. The results shows a rank in oil investment environment, Venezuela, followed by Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Argentina, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago. Venezuela holds abundant oil resources with a favorable political and economic environment, Ecuador, Colombia and Bolivia are advantageous in oil laws and policies, and Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago have a sound management regime.

Key words: petroleum, investment environment, clustering analysis, assessment, Venezuela, South America

摘要： 用层次分析法、熵权法和聚类分析法，从基础条件、石油资源现状、政治经济形势、石油法律法规与相关政策、石油管理体制和国际合作6个方面对南美地区的石油投资环境进行评价与优选，以期为我国在南美地区的石油资源投资决策提供科学依据，促进与南美各国的能源合作。南美地区国家中油气投资环境按照由好到差的顺序排列依次为：委内瑞拉、厄瓜多尔、巴西、哥伦比亚、玻利维亚、阿根廷、秘鲁、特立尼达和多巴哥。委内瑞拉石油资源储量丰富，政治、经济形势较好；厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚和玻利维亚的石油法律法规与相关政策比较好；巴西、阿根廷、秘鲁和特立尼达和多巴哥的管理体制最为完善。

关键词: 石油, 投资环境, 聚类分析法, 评价, 委内瑞拉, 南美