Table of Content

20 August 2019, Volume 21 Issue 4

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INDUSTRIAL VIEWS ON HIDDEN CARBON EMISSION OF CHINA'S EXTERNAL TRADING

WANG Baoqian, GE Yuxiang, CHEN Pan, 2019

2019, 21(4):  3-11.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.009

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Carbon estimation hidden in trading is a vital basis for adjusting import/export trading, improving resources use rate and realizing low carbon economy. This paper uses multiple regional input/output to establish a hidden carbon estimation model for bilateral trading from the perspective of industry. It is applied to estimate the net hidden carbon emission between China's bilateral trading with America, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Russia, India and Brazil by means of WIOD's data from 1997 to 2011, with results showing a net hidden carbon import in bilateral trading between China and America, Germany, Japan and South Korea, a coexisting net carbon import & export between China and Russia, India and Brazil. China generally uses a trading strategy of exchanging carbon emission reduction for trading surplus and exchanging trading deficit for carbon emission reduction. In order to reduce hidden carbon emission, this paper suggests China shall set up carbon emission trading market, consolidate high pollution industries, optimize import/export trading structure and promote imports of high carbon industries and exports of low carbon industries.

INFLUENCE OF INDUSTRIAL UPGRADING ON ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE (EKC) BASED ON PANEL DATA OF YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE

GE Yanfang, MA Jun, WANG Gaiqin, et alet al, 2019

2019, 21(4):  12-19.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.011

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In order to study if ecological efficiency is improved by industrial upgrading in the Yangtze river economic zone, this paper uses the ultra-efficient DEA model to measure ecological efficiency, applies new EKC to ecological efficiency, and employs spatial accounting model to testify if there is an EKC relation between industrial upgrading and ecological efficiency in thirty three cities in the Yangtze river economic zone. The results show a rising ecological efficiency, which is higher in the upper reaches than in the middle-lower reaches. A U-shaped relation exists between industrial upgrading and ecological efficiency, with most cities locating on the right of U shape, just over the turning point. Economic development has no significant effect on ecological efficiency, but environmental controls and foreign direct investment do. This paper suggests an interaction in ecologically environmental protection between the upper- and lower- reaches, industrial upgrading that can promote ecological efficiency in the upper-middle reaches, boosting environmental controls and rationally using foreign capitals.

FACTORS ON ECONOMIC INTERESTS OF ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE

MIAO Jianqing, ZHANG Jing, 2019

2019, 21(4):  20-27.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.008

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Ecological agriculture improves ecological environment and helps farmers earn more money. Its profitability plays a vital role for farmers to participate ecological agriculture. This paper, based on a case study on Wushan county, Chongqing, uses Cobb-Douglas model to analyze the influence of land endowment, external environment and farmers on profitability of ecological agriculture. Profitability will decrease if the ratio of slope farmland to flat dam land is over a certain limit. Profitability will decrease if farmland is fragmented, but it will increase through land consolidation if farmland is too fragmented. The higher rate of land rocky desertification, the lower profitability. Traffic costs and aged farmers significantly reduce profitability. Honeysuckle planting area is too small, far from achievement of scale efficiency. Market risks also decrease the planting profitability, which can be largely increased if farmers can get financed and technical supports.

BALANCED ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION BENEFITS OF WATER SOURCES VIEWING FROM REHABILITATION

SHEN Jüqin, YANG Yuyan, GAO Xin, et al, 2019

2019, 21(4):  28-35.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.012

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This paper discusses the features and objectives of rehabilitated ecological compensation, uses bounded rationality evolution gambling model to analyze the evolutional stability strategy and dynamic tendency of water sources and water use areas, and applies Jacobian matrix to study anti-disturbance stability at each equilibrium points, aiming at offering references for China to develop ecological compensation mechanism of water sources. Upper-level governmental involvement in ecological rehabilitation and bilateral compensation constraint may make “rehabilitation in water sources and compensation in water use areas” the only balanced strategy if punishment and compensation meet some requirements, a premier balanced strategy expected publicly. This paper presents suggestions on increasing public consciousness in environmental protection, improving the laws and regulations, setting up cooperative platforms, and clarifying interests and responsibilities, which will help sound development of ecological compensation.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EVALUATION OF MINERAL RESOURCESDEVELOPMENT DURING MINING LIFE CYCLE: A CASE STUDY ON SONGTAO MANGANESE INTEGRATED EXPLORATION AREA IN GUIZHOU

LIU Jiangyi, DOU Shiquan, XIAO Jianzhong, et al, 2019

2019, 21(4):  36-43.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.004

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This paper, based on a case study of Songtao manganese integrated exploration area in Guizhou, uses entire life cycle to discuss its environmental issues during manganese mining and processing, evaluates servicing values of ecological system, regional carbon fixation capacity, and carbon emission from mining, shipping and fine processing, and studies its environmental impacts evolutional path of study area from 2003 to 2015. Mine environment has been severely impacted in the three stages, of which loss in ecological system service is in mining stage, carbon emission impacts in shipping and processing. The regional ecological environment is increasingly impacted as mining and developing manganese activities grow. This paper presents suggestions on consolidating mining rights, raising concentration of electrolytic manganese companies, improving mining technology and boosting environmental controls in order to reduce environmental impacts.

CONSTRUCTION LAND USE EFFICIENCY DIFFERENCE IN XINJIANG BASED ON DEA MODEL

HAN Danjie, DU Hongru, 2019

2019, 21(4):  44-50.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.013

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Improving construction land use efficiency is an effective approach to conflicts of human and land, and is of significance in land sustainable development. This paper uses CCR model in DEA to estimate the construction land use efficiency in Xinjiang's 88 cites (counties), with the result generally showing a low efficiency, namely more-input-less-output. 56.82% of the cities (counties) are less than the average and DEA effective units concentrate in the northern Xinjiang. The spatial differentiation is also distinct, highest in the north, lowest in the east, and middle in the south. This paper presents suggestions on reducing proportional land input production elements, optimizing industrial structure, improving labors abilities and using advanced technologies in increasing construction land use efficiency.

FARMLAND RESOURCES VALUES ESTIMATION BASED ON PRODUCTION CAPACITY THEORY: A CASE STUDY ON YANCHENG CITY, JIANGSU PROVINCE

ZHANG Zengfeng, ZHU Xinshuai, HUANG Kelong, et al, 2019

2019, 21(4):  51-59.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.010

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This paper discusses the economic, social and ecological values of farmland in Yancheng city of Jiangsu province by establishing farmland values system. Connotation, majority and relation of farmland resources values impose influences on estimation of farmland resources values. Estimation based on production capacity is of usability and maneuverability. Yancheng's farmland resources values are closely related to regional economic level, farmland natures and farmers living level. All types of values vary spatially: economic value is upside-down U-shaped, social value is polarized, and ecological value rises southward. Economic and social values amount to 90%, with average total values up to 2.37 million RMB per hm2. Estimation of farmland resources can provide references for confiscated land compensation and occupied-compensated-balance, and for accounting natural resources assets.

OVERALL REVIEWS OF THEORETICAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICAL PROGRESS OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES RECYCLING

HE Li, SHEN Lei, TAO Jiange, et al, 2019

2019, 21(4):  60-67.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.007

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To improve theoretical research and practical summary of renewable resources recycling and to resolve environmental impacts of recycling resource dumping on surface so as to develop ecological economy and boost renewable resource industry, this paper reviews the theoretical research and practical progress from basic theory, reverse logistics of renewable resources and recycling practice. Scholars worldwide carry out theoretical research on economic evaluation, potentials, reverse logistics of mineral resources, and elaborates practices on China's policies and industrial evolution, and analyzes the revelation of America, Japan and Germany on renewable resources recycling, and presents approaches to China's developing renewable resources industry.

INTERACTIVE DETECTION BETWEEN EVOLUTIONAL FEATURES AND DRIVING FORCES OF GUANGZHOU'S LANDSCAPE PATTERN

LIU Yueliang, CHENG Fanglong, LI Fang, et al, 2019

2019, 21(4):  68-80.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.005

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This paper uses land use data to analyze Guangzhou's temporal-spatial evolution in landscape pattern from 1995 to 2015, and employs geographic detector to discuss the influence of spatial factor on landscape pattern, aiming at providing revelation for allocating land resources. Guangzhou's construction land has largely increased, while other landscape areas have declined, with farmland, woods, waters, grass land, and unused land at a decreasing order. Transformation occurs frequently among farmland, woods, waters and construction land in landscape pattern, most concentrating in Huadu, Baiyun, Huangpu, Fanyu and southwestern Zengcheng. The changes are in reverse proportion to level, slope, distance to subway and major roads, and in an upside-down U shape to urban downtown. Woods, farmland and construction land changes are mainly subject to the distance to subway; grassland change is subject to level and slope; unused land change is subject to the distance to major roads. Landscape pattern changes happen more easily in two factors' interaction than one single factor.

A CASE STUDY ON CHINA'S 25 CITIES: COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS ON DEFUSING URBAN LIVING WASTES

WAN Junyi, FENG Xinru, TANG Qixu, et al, 2019

2019, 21(4):  81-89.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190622.001

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Discharge of urban living wastes is surging in China. Treatments of wastes include burning, burying and dumping, of which the first two prevail. Cost and benefits vary with waste treatments. This paper establishes a function of cost-benefits regarding burning and burying wastes, which is used to calculate the burning and burying costs in 25 cities at different economic levels, and discusses how to select appropriate waste treatments in accordance with their economy. Results show that burying cost is twice higher than burning in most cities, including tier 1, tier 2, tier 3 and below cities. Waste treatment cost in tier 1 cities is higher than tier 2, tier 3 and below. Burying cost is 2 258 RMB/t in tier 1 cities, triple the tier 2 and five times the tier 3 and below. Burning cost is 965 RMB/t in tier 1 cities, triple the tier 2 and four times the tier 3 and below. Among the cost factors, land use cost plays a big role in burying cost, while population density in burning cost. Burning cost is normally lower than burying cost regardless of their economic levels.

CO-INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT PATH OF HUANGSHI STATE MINE PARK IN VIEWS OF STAKEHOLDERS

HUANG Tiantian, LIN Xuan, 2019

2019, 21(4):  90-96.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.003

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State mine park management is a comprehensively exploratory engineering, which involves government, market and society and needs a co-integrated management system led by government with other stakeholders' participation. This paper, based on a case study on Huangshi state mine park, analyzes the benefit needs of stakeholders that local government seeks to promote Huangshi's mine tourism and urban transformation, mine companies seek to gain a sustainable development, public investors seek to acquire tourism benefits, local communities seek to improve environment, and visitors seek to have a better entertainment and experience. This paper presents a co-integrated management path of multiple stakeholders, led by local government, mine companies using mine heritages, public investors developing tourism, local communities participating, and visitors experiencing industrial tourism.

PROPAGANDA PATHS COMPARISON OF STATE MINE PARKS

LIU Zonghai, HUANG Delin, 2019

2019, 21(4):  97-102.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190605.006

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Propaganda of state mine park plays a big role in park construction. This paper compares the state mine parks from management, propaganda modes, effects and plights, including China's Huangshi, Kailuan, Furongshan, and German Elm Sher Park, America's Empire Mine State History Park, aiming at offering references for the future development of China's mine parks. Propaganda of state mine parks depends upon governmental supports and sound management, professional propaganda team work. China's state mine parks are at the initial stage with their management to be improved, not fully-developed tourism products and uneven propaganda effect. This paper presents approaches to propaganda of state mine parks on boosting management, developing featured tourism products, using TV, network and broadcast, setting up multiple sales channels and combining with popular events. 

TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGES IN RESOURCES-EXHAUSTED CITY: A CASE STUDY ON HUANGSHI STATE MINE PARK

TIAN Meiling, FANG Shiming, 2019

2019, 21(4):  103-106.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20190610.001

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Resources-exhausted cities confront lots of issues in development. Transformation through industrial heritage tourism may provide a new choice. This paper analyzes the concepts of industrial heritage tourism development in resources-exhausted cities from adjusting tourism recognition, deeply digging resources connotation and mastering products market in Huangshi state mine park, and presents suggestions on reshaping tourism image which overwrites the past negative influence, and activating tourism resources which is key in resolving insufficient tourism resources. Approaches are presented to industrial heritage tourism development in Huangshi state mine park, in activating brown fields, changing traditional tourism recognition, using heritage developing model, digging mine and metallurgical cultures, innovating tourism products and mastering marketing.