Table of Content

20 June 2011, Volume 13 Issue 3

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES CITIES

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES-BASED  CITIES FROM “RESOURCE CURSE”

GAO Jie, XU Kai, XIAO Rong-ge

2011, 13(3):  1-6. 

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Vast quantity of data regarding “resource curse” are focused on the level of nations and areas, but can also be applied on resourcesbased cities. This paper, from resources curse, summarizes the papers concerning sustainable development of resourcesbased cities, presents that the mechanism of “resource curse” is derived from Dutch disease, lack of human resource investment and improper system. The researches and successful transformation of resourcesbased cities in other countries proves “resource curse” is not an absolute rule to block sustainable development. China shall carry out industrial transformation policies conducted by governments, and invest more on human resource, along with researches on sustainable development from “resource curse”.

FISCAL POLICIES ABOUT CIRCULAR ECONOMY BASED ON NE CHINA OLD INDUSTRIAL BASE

LI Shao-ping, SUN Yan-bin, WANG Jia-shan

2011, 13(3):  7-11. 

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Circular economy is an unavoidable means for the sustainable development of the NE china old industrial base, which is largely depending upon favorable fiscal policies. The current fiscal policies are unfavorable for the circular economy in the NE China old industrial base. This paper analyzes the issues like the pendent mining compensation mechanism, deficient governmental investments, scant fiscal subsidy, missing ecological tax, lacking tax supporting, and unspecific favorable tax, and presents approaches to this issues, attempting to create a good tax environment for developing the circular economy in the NE China old industrial base.

BOTTLENECKS OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN RESOURCESBASED CITIES UNDER A LOW CARBON ECONOMY

ZHAO Zhong-ling, WU Bin-bin, WANG Lin, JIN Chang-tian

2011, 13(3):  12-17. 

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A low carbon economy determines a combination of economy and ecological environment during the economic transformation in resources based cities. So far, the theories concerning low carbon economy and transformation are mature, which implies a bottleneck from a mutual of government, enterprises and society. This paper establishes an index system, applies DEMATEL and MATLAB software to draw a conclusion that the resource enterprises are the core of transformation in resourcesbased cities. A calculation on causation and hub reveals the influence of each index, which can provide a reference for economic transformation in resources based cities under a low carbon economy.

MINING CRISIS INVESTIGATION AND MINING TRANSFORMATION  IN SHANGHANG COUNTY

WEI Xuan-chang, RAO Wan-Xiang, LAN Wen-qiang, LIN Yuan-Xin, SUN Li-Na

2011, 13(3):  18-22. 

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Shanghang county, Fujian province, which was a poor agricultural county, recently has acquired a fast economic growth as a benefit from mining, represented by Zijin mining. However, the growing economy is facing a conflict with the mineral resources, hanging a mining crisis trend over this city. This paper, based on investigation on Shanghang^，s  economic development, analyzes the major issues, and presents a workable transformation plan for Shanghang^，s  economic development combined with global successful transformation cases.

LESSONS OF MEXICO GULF OIL SPILLING TO CHINA

YIN Jian-ping, JIANG Lin-jun

2011, 13(3):  23-26. 

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The Mexico gulf oil spilling as the worst oil spilling accident in America^，s history led to a bad impact on environment, economy and people^，s living, and also changed its energy policies and layout. This paper, based on the technical and managing factors, analyzes the influence on security evaluation, alternative energy, technical innovation and governmental monitoring, presents lessons for China^，s petroleum sector in development and management, such as technology & management, subcontractor^，s accountability, renewable energy, and energy laws, aiming at offering suggestions for China^，s petroleum sector.

PROGRESS IN BAUXITE EXPLORATION IN CHINA

YU Lei, HOU En-gang, Gao Yi-wen

2011, 13(3):  27-33. 

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Alumina as the second metal after iron is a basic material and strategic ore for economy. China ranks the No.1 in alumina production and consumption, but low in guaranteeing extent in alumina resource/reserve, largely depending upon exporting. This paper, based on the status of China's alumina resources, summarizes the progress in alumina ore exploration, in new discoveries of rare elements and rare earth elements, in deposit genesis from geochemistry, aiming at providing references in bauxite exploration and development.

REVIEWS ON STATUS OF WORLDS IRON ORE RESOURCE USE

ZHANG Cheng-shuai, LI Li, LI Hou-min

2011, 13(3):  34-43. 

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This paper give a brief reviews of the distribution of iron ores globally and the advances in China’s iron ore exploration and researches. The iron ores are abundant, with most concentrating in a few countries, like Brazil, Australia, Russia and Canada, etc, who are both iron ore producers and exporters. Iron ores have a diversified genesis but sole in major category, displaying as sedimentarymetamorphic deposits globally and as sedimentarymetamorphic deposits and magmatic deposits in China. China ranks ahead in iron ore resource and production, but can not meet its appetite. The import of iron ores are subject to foreign mining giants, which is a challenge and opportunity. China shall give a balance between development and trading, and open the foreign mining market. A new world mining order is a key point to China’s iron ore bottleneck.

POINTS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SHANDONG’S OILGAS INDUSTRY

LIU Ling, DING Hao

2011, 13(3):  44-49. 

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Oilgas industry as one of Shandong’s pillar economy is facing issues against its sustainable development. This paper, based on the historical statistical data, analyzes the supplydemand gap of oilgas, impact to ecoenvironment and unreasonable industrial structure, and presents suggestions that Shandong province shall, based on internal oilgas productionsupply system, aim at global oilgas supply market, enhance investment in oilgas exploration and research, intensify conservation and protection of oilgas resource, keep a clean production, optimize the oilgas industrial structure, and construct a regional oilgas industry cluster, which can make sure the sustainable development of Shandong’s oilgas industry.

RESEARCH ADVANCES OF FLAMMABLE ICE AS A NEW CLEAN ENERGY

ZHANG Ying-yi, LI Yun-gang

2011, 13(3):  50-55. 

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Flammable ice is commonly known as gas hydrates, which is regarded as an alternative and clean energy in the 21st century, with a huge potential for development and utilization, China has brought it into national key scientific and technological program (973 Program), and has successfully obtained a core sample of gas hydrate. This paper briefly introduces the reserves, distribution and development research status of flammable ice, with a focus on the mining methods and issues in mining, and finally gives prospects on the development of flammable ice in the future.

DALIAN’S WATER SECURITY BASED ON FUZZY MATHEMATICAL MODEL

ZHANG Ge, WANG Xin-ge, JING Feng

2011, 13(3):  56-60. 

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Under a high urbanization, the security of water environment has an impact on urban economic development, which is a focus of the world. This paper, aiming at acquiring a macroscopic and quantitative knowledge on Dalian’s water security, adopts fuzzy recognition theory to establish a model to evaluate the water security in Dalian. The results show that the water security is grade III, which means a general status. This paper, ensuring an accordant development among society, economy and environment, presents suggestions improving water security in Dalian.

EVALUATION ON BEIJING’S RELATIVE RESOURCE LOADING CAPABILITY BASED ON MUTATION PROGRESSION METHOD

GU Xue-ming, WANG Shi-peng

2011, 13(3):  61-65. 

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This paper, based on a case study on Beijing, calculates the relative resources and economic loading capability during 1988 to 2008, and applies mutation progression method to evaluate the resource loading capability. The results indicate a fluctuant trend in Beijing’s resource loading capability. The relative economic resource loading capability is always higher than the relative natural resource loading capability. In general, the relative land resource loading capability is dropping and on an overloading status, and the relative natural resource loading capability is surplus. The use of mutation progression method can avoid the subjectivity of giving weights so it gives a scientific and objective evaluation.

EVALUATION OF CONSUMPTION EFFICIENCY OF COAL RESOURCES BASED ON DEA/AHP

WANG Jian-xue, NING Yun-cai

2011, 13(3):  66-71. 

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It is of great significance to evaluate the coal consumption efficiency in each sectors as coal is China’s major energy resource, which can change the status of energy consumption. This paper, according to gross coal consumption volumes, human resources and fixed assets as an input, and industrialadded values as output, constructs an index system to evaluate the coal consumption efficiency, and sets up a DEA/AHP model. Case studies show a lowest consumption efficiency in industrial sectors due to its highlyenergyconsuming structure. This evaluation model can be effectively applied to evaluate the coal consumption efficiency and provides reference for making policies in reaching energysaving and emissionreducing objectives.

EVALUATION OF MINE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN LINGLONG LAIXI AREA

WANG Hai-qing, CHEN Ling

2011, 13(3):  72-76. 

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This paper, according to the remote sensing data in Linglong Laixi area, establishes an index system to evaluate the mine geological environment from natural geography, basic geology and mine development, and sets up a quantitative evaluation model of mine geological environment, which has 16 indexes covering a set of factors on mine geological environment. With assistance of GIS software and experts, this paper works on these 16 indexes, applies AHP to determine the weights of each index, calculates their total scores. MapGIS is used to produce an evaluation map of mine geological environment in Linglong Laixi area, which has been verified by practice.

EVALUATION OF URBAN LAND INTENSIVE USE IN ELEVEN  PREFECTURE LEVEL CITIES IN SHANXI PROVINCE

QIAO Lu-yin, ZHOU Wei, CAO Yin-gui

2011, 13(3):  77-82. 

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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the eleven cities in Shanxi province through building the evaluation system of urban land intensive use, and to study the underlying causes. The paper utilizes the AHP and Delphi methods to evaluate the level of land intensive use, and utilizes the hierarchical cluster analysis to check the evaluation results. The results indicate that there is a big gap on the urban land intensive use level among the eleven cities in Shanxi province, and there is a chasm phenomenon in the comprehensive index of intensive use level. Then the paper analyzes its driving force from the levels of economy development, the location conditions, the functions of the cities, the city greening and environment control, and put forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. Therefore, the results are of guiding significance for the following intensive land use in Shanxi province.

PROTECTION AND CONSTRUCTION OF BASIC ARABLE LANDS

MIAO Li-mei, YUN Wen-ju, CHENG Feng

2011, 13(3):  83-88. 

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Basic arable lands are the essence of arable lands, which almost takes full food production responsibility and ensures the material basis for food security. The protection of basic arable lands is not only on quantity, but also on the quality and production capability. This paper, from arable land quantity, quality, utilization status and ecological environment, gives a review on the situation, expands the new planning and new ideas, discusses the responsibility of arable land protection objectives, national centralized investment system, compensated arable land quantity and quality converted by grades. The future task of basic arable land protection is to pool capital, actively construct and protect the arable lands, which will activate the basic arable lands protection system.

SUPERVISION SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION OF LAND DEVELOPMENT AND CONSOLIDATION PROJECTS

MENG Zhan, YANG Wen-jie, ZHENG Hua-wei, ZHANG Jun-feng, MA Li

2011, 13(3):  89-93. 

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The main purpose of the paper is to provide theoretical foundation of building a scientific and efficient supervision system based on the present institution of the projects and the defects from work. The methods include document research, contrastive analysis, case study. The conclusion is that the supervision system of land development and consolidation projects is very important .To achieve the expected goal of the projects, China should refer to the practice which has been running for over ten years and the specific practice of the countries where are advanced in agriculture, so as to form a scientific, integral and feasible supervisionsystem.

ADJUSTMENT AND CONTROLS OF LAND USE SECURITY LAYOUT IN MINING AREAS

ZENG Hui, FU Mei-chen

2011, 13(3):  94-97. 

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land use security layout in mining areas can prevent mining activities from destroying environmental landscapes, and also reflects a public interest. This paper, based on data review and cases study, establishes an adjustment and control system of land use security layout in mining area based on an analysis on land users, and discusses the commanders, activities, and managing means. The results indicate that government shall adopt an ecological compensation mechanism, adjust and optimize the mining industrial structures, improve the mine environment, enhance the land intensive use, which means to interfere the externality of land use. The mining enterprises can manage themselves throughout the whole mine life. The local people and community can be involved in land use in mining areas, which can reach a sustainable development in mining area.

MANAGEMENT OPTIMIZATION MODEL OF GEOLOGICAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE RESOURCES IN XINJIANG BASED ON BENEFIT SHARING VIEWS

LI Cui-lin

2011, 13(3):  98-102. 

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Geological heritage landscape refers to those with important aesthetic values and historical values. Xinjiang is abundant and diversified in geological heritage resources. This paper, based on benefitsharing views, analyzes concentration and features of geological heritage resources in Xinjiang, and discusses the management status, and presents a centralizing management by government through capitalization. The ecological system management concept is adopted to establish a protectivedeveloping management model, by means of innovation mechanism and benefitsharing views. Geological tourism network is set up based on geoparks and can reach the management optimization of geological heritage landscape resources.

CLASSIFICATION AND DISASTER PREVENTION SYSTEM OF DEBRIS FLOWS INDUCED BY WASTE DUMPS

NI Hua-yong, TIE Yong-bo, SU Peng-cheng

2011, 13(3):  103-109. 

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Debris flows induced by waste dumps are kinds of typical human debris flows and have caused hundreds of deaths in China. In this paper, a detailed classification of wastedumpinduced debris flows are carried out based on five classifying factors. On the basis of occurrence space, surfaceground debris flows and underground debris flows are included. As gully property is concerned, wastedumpinduced debris flows occur in both natural debris flow gullies and nonnatural debris flow gullies. According to the kinds of waste dumps, mine exploiting, traffic and water and electric engineering, constructions building all can supply enough solids to debris.

STATUS AND APPROACHES TO CHINA’S GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT MONITORING

XING Li-xia, LUO Yue-chu, LI Ya-min, QUE Lie-dong

2011, 13(3):  110-115. 

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Geo-environment generally refers to the integrated geological object that is composed of the surface rock, soil, groundwater, and other components of the earth, which supports the land and natural resources and human engineering activities. Currently, the geo-environment has been strongly disturbed by China’s economic construction and resources development, leading to issues in geological environment. Although the geo-environmental monitoring work has achievements in recent ten years, it can not meet the demand of socioeconomic development and security of people. The problems need be urgently resolved based on the construction of geo-environment monitoring system. For the purpose of scientifically using and protecting geo-environment, this paper analyses the necessity and urgency on advancing geo-environment monitoring from the point of view of science and history, and puts forward some suggestions and ideas for future geo-environmental monitoring.

FINE DESCRIPTION AND POTENTIAL TAPPING TECHNOLOGY DURING LATE DEVELOPMENT STAGE OF FRACTURED CARBONATE ROCK RESERVOIR

MAO Qiong, MENG Qing-chun, ZHAO Ming-qian, LIU Yu-cong, GU Xue-mei, PANG Bao-rui

2011, 13(3):  116-122. 

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Renqiu buried hill is the largest fractured and lowsaturated carbonate rock reservoir with massive bottom water. After thirty years’ development, the reserve has entered into the late stage, which declines slowly in high water cut. Therefore, it is a great significance to figure out the remaining oil distribution for the late potential tapping and improvement of development response. On the basis of fracture prediction, this paper studies the remaining oil distribution rule between the water cones. With the digital simulation research connected with the new geologic model and production performance, the double porosity model in single permeability has been built. Through the research on the changing of oilwater contact in different phases and the research on the evolution process and formation mechanism of water cones, the depth of oilwater contact and the shape of water cones at the present stage are defined. At the same time, the remaining geological reserve over oilwater contact in fracture system is basically calculated. Finally, with the feasibility study to exploit the remaining oil between the water cones by complex horizontal well and other effective methods, the economical and effective tapping modes are proposed.

GEOLOGICAL FEATURES AND MINING TECHNOLOGY OF DONGHUI COALFIELD

YAO Shu-Rong

2011, 13(3):  123-127. 

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This paper analyzes the characteristics of the engineering geology and the exploiting technology of Donghui coalfield, which is covered by huge thick loose sediments. It comprises six minable coal beds, dipping gently, good quality. The coal is low ash, low sulfur, high calorie, low gas nonstick and coking coal, good for civil and power application. The coalbearing sequence mainly belongs the debris sedimentary rock, stratified, intensity varying with depth. Its lithology is complicated and structure is developed. Weathering and fissures are moderate. The main, auxiliary and ventilation shafts can be built in accordance with gelation method in the loose sediments and general method in the base rock, which can be a large coal mine with 12×10⁵ t/a. This paper classifies the exploration category of engineering geology, which provides reference for next shaft designing.

RESEARCH ADVANCE OF NATURAL GAS HYDRATES BASED ON QUANTITATIVE REFERENCES

LI Gui-ju, ZHANG Jun, ZHUANG Xin-Guo, LIU Ping

2011, 13(3):  128-133. 

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This paper, based on SCIE database and quantitative references, analyzes quantitatively the research advances on natural gas hydrates globally in recent decades with a focus on major nations and major research units. The results show that the USA hosts outstanding advantages, followed by Japan and China. Their major domains are concentrated on geology, geophysics and geochemistry. In their nation sponsored research units, the America’s Ministry of Energy pays attention on digital simulation and occurrence conditions of natural gas hydrates, the Russia’s Academy of Science on highpressure hydrates and their structure and facies balance, CAS on geophysics and dynamics, which benefit human being for scale mining.

A CASE STUDY ON PUGANG GAS FIELD: AFFECT OF MINERAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT TO LANDLOST PEASANTS’ SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS

CHENG Hong-wei, HUANG Xin-meng, ZHAO Ping-fei

2011, 13(3):  134-139. 

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This paper, based on site questionnaire and survey data of Puguang gas field, studies the affect of mineral resources development to land lost peasants’sustainable livelihoods. The development of mineral resources has an impact on their income and expense, basic living guarantee, human capital and employment, social environment, ecological environment and benefit compensation, which will result in a decrease in livelihood cost and weakening sustainable livelihoods. This paper presents suggestions increasing livelihood capital aggregation capability and materializing sustainable development, which include optimizing benefits sharing regulations, setting up mining community committee, and establishing benefits sharing mechanism.

QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION AND CASE STUDY ON ECO INDUSTRIAL PARKS BASED ON BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITY THEORY

FU Li, CHEN Hong-han

2011, 13(3):  140-146. 

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This paper, based on development and concept of ecoindustrial parks (EIPs), uses biological community conjunction to define the conjunction and gross conjunction among enterprise in EIPs, which is employed to measure the relation of exchanging byproducts and wastes. This paper gives an introduction to the mutual network system of enterprises in Yueliangwan EIP, Shenzhen city, compares the conjunction and gross conjunction with seven foreign EIPs, discusses the relation between enterprises quantity and ecological conjunction, and presents suggestions upgrading China’s industrial ecology. Local government’s system and technical innovation, if linked to that in civil, can support the development of EIPs.

PLIGHT OF AND APPROACHES TO FINANCING IN CHINA’S URANIUM EXPLORATION

MA Jie, WANG Ling-ling, ZOU Xiao-ming

2011, 13(3):  147-150. 

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As China’s nuclear power construction speeds up, it requires a sharp demand for uranium, but the production of natural uranium is quite small. In order to meet the nuclear power construction, China needs reform the investing and financing system in uranium exploration to boost investment and to intensify the uranium exploration. This paper, based on the status of financing in global uranium exploration, discusses the plights, including missing legislation, dizzy policies, poor system and management, halfway transformedintoenterprises of uranium geological units, slow capital market of mineral exploration, and morbid nonfinancial services, and presents approaches accordingly.

DRIVING MODE OF CORE COMPETITIVENESS OF ENERGY CONSERVATION SERVICE INDUSTRY

WANG Jing-min, SUN Yan-fu, KANG Jun-jie

2011, 13(3):  151-154. 

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China has made achievements recently in energy conservation and emission reduction, but there is a gap against the strategy of sustainable development. The development of energy conservation service industry is limited by many factors. This paper analyzes the factors of core competitiveness of energy conservation service industry, studies the effective drives, sets up the driving mode of boosting industrial resources optimization, Super EMCo, which is of significance in theoretical values and practice in energy conservation service industry and emission reduction.

INVESTMENT STRATEGY OF PRIVATE EQUITY FUND IN MINING SECTOR

SHE Yan-shuang, SHA Jing-hua, CUI Bin

2011, 13(3):  155-160. 

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Private equity fund specialized in mining sector is equity investment instituions which profession ally invest in mineral resources exploration, deveopment and operation enterprises. This paper analyzes the period and risks in mining projects, summarizes the factors and progress of exploration project values, and presents strategies of private equity fund in mining sector that PE must be based on mining’s stage period and risks and on its professional advantages and capital, establish a proper investment portfolio according to its own risk preference, then it can obtain benefits from junior or senior exploration companies at specific stages while values are rising. This paper also discusses the investment staged strategies of private equity fund in mining sector.

ENERGY SAVING AND EFFICIENCY INCREASING EFFECT OF HORIZONTAL WELLS

LU Cheng, CHENG Min-hua, LIU Fang, HUI Gang, ZHANG Li, ZHANG Lin-Lin

2011, 13(3):  161-167. 

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Horizontal wells are an advanced secondary oil production technology, which is applied widely in land oilfields in highpermeability, high water and low permeability reservoirs with good effects. As horizontal wells are being increased notably in quantity in PetroChina and Sinopec, their energy saving and efficiency increasing effect becomes important. This paper, from their technical advantages, equivalent radius model with segmental perforation, and deliverability equation in low permeability reservoir, compares those with vertical wells, and finds out that land resources, equipments and electric power are saved in horizontal wells, which can provide a theoretical reference for energy saving and efficiency increasing effect of horizontal wells.