Table of Content

31 May 2012, Volume 14 Issue 3

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES CITIES

INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND AVOIDANCE TRANSFORM 
OF RESOURCES-BASED CITIES

CAO Zi, LU Fang, MA Li

2012, 14(3):  1-5. 

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The resources in resources-based cities are decreasing as time. The shortage relying on one industry is emerging, making urgent in industrial transform, which is related to a rational use of resources and social stability and sustainable development. This paper, from the leading industry, presents avoidance, progressive and radical transforms according to the life cycle theory. A comparison among transform cost, means and accessibility is given to summarize their pros and cons with focus on the avoidance transform. A case study on Queensland provides reference for China‘s industrial transform.

MAJOR ORE RESOURCES AND MINING INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT  IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

CHEN Chao, CHEN Zheng, JIN Xi, et al.

2012, 14(3):  6-11. 

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The Republic of Tajikistan, as an inland nation in middle Asia with poor economic base and simple industrial structure, is abundant in ore resources with more than 50 categories of ores explored, with its Ag, Sb, Pb, Zn, Au, Hg, U and halite as predominant ores and Ag, Pb, Zn and U ranking No.1 in middle Asia. This paper gives an introduction of the major ore resources, mining administration, mining rights, mining taxation and investment policies in Tajikistan, and analyzes its pros and cons and presents suggestions for Chinese enterprises-overseas investment.

RESOURCES STRATEGY

CHINA'S SITUATION, CHALLENGES AND APPROACHES TO CHINESE MINING SECTORS TO GLOBAL COMPETITION

CHEN Junnan, GAN Fei

2012, 14(3):  12-15. 

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The global mining sector is adjusting  and international competition is increasing  deeply. China's mining sector shall adapt to the new situation and improve its competitiveness that is a big mission for the “12th five year plan”. This paper analyzes the situation of global mining competition that is reflected in four aspects, marketing structure, new emerging economies into mining sector layout, mining focus transferring and mining policies adjustment. China's challenges in the global mining competition lies in the domestic mining investment environment, unfavorable international opinion, lack of speaking power and incapable to deal with the complicated global mining situation. This paper presents approaches to China's mining competitiveness from optimizing policy environment and management service, establishing overseas investment modes and boosting mining capacity.

COINTEGRATION OF GLOBAL OIL PRICE, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND CRUDE OIL CONSUMPTION CHANGE TO DOMESTIC OIL PRICE

LU Lin-na, LEI Ya-lin, CHE Gang

2012, 14(3):  16-23. 

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China, as the second largest nation in oil consumption after the U.S., has a surging demand of oil as its economy goes fast. It becomes a hot point to study the domestic oil price fluctuation and its influencing factors. This paper, from domestic crude oil supply and demand, applies unit root test, cointegration test and error correction models to study the influence on domestic crude oil price fluctuation, with results showing a cointegration between domestic oil price rising rate and global oil price rising rate, GDP rising rate, domestic crude oil consumption rate, with the later casting a stronger influence in long term than in short term, and the last domestic crude oil price rising rate casting a stronger influence in long term than in short term. The domestic crude oil price fluctuation is jointly limited by global crude oil price, GDP, domestic crude oil consumption and shows a longterm stability.

CHINA'S SHALE GAS RESOURCES DISTRIBUTION AND ENERGY CONSERVATION & EMISSION REDUCTION

WANG Li-bo, ZHENG You-ye

2012, 14(3):  24-30. 

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Energy conservation and emission reduction is a nation's strategy to change economic development way and an unavoidable path to a sound economy. Shale gas as a clean and green energy has been mined in the U.S, but at starting in China. To speed up shale gas exploration and development will play a big part in energy conservation and emission reduction and mitigating a shortage of energy. This paper, based on China's shale gas data and field investigation and a comparison with that in the North America, presents a big shale gas potential from structures, geochemistry, geology and enrichment in China, and classified China into four regions of good prospecting, especially in southern China's Paleozoic marine facies organic shale.
 

RESOURCES EVALUATION

EVALUATION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF XIUSHAN'S ORE RESOURCES BASED ON CLOUD MODEL

DONG Si-si, DONG Chun-you

2012, 14(3):  31-35. 

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This paper, aiming at the increasing demand of ore resources, analyzes the depletion and scarcity of ore resources, and the necessity of sustainable development of ore resources. This paper applies the cloud theory with merits in processing fuzz and random indicators to be used, in quality and quantity, in the cloud mode conversion to sustainable development of ore resources. This method can provide a precise and straight evaluation means to evaluate the sustainable development of ore resources.

A CASE STUDY ON XUZHOU'S PAN'AN COAL MINE SUBSIDENCE: ASSESSMENT OF FARMLAND LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL SUITABILITY IN MINING AREA

LIAO Chen-hua, WU Ke-ning

2012, 14(3):  36-42. 

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 This paper, based on case study on Xuzhou's Pan'an coal mine subsidence, discusses the method to assess the farmland landscape ecological suitability in mining area, which, on the basis of land use types, establishes a factor system and applies APH and multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method determining the weight of each factor and overall score of a single type of land use, and then assess the ecological suitability of the various types of single site.Through ArcGIS9-3 technology platform, integrated ecological suitability of land distribution can be obtained by weighted superposition of each single site layers. This method can clearly reflect the spatial distribution of farmland landscape ecological suitability and offers a reference in optimizing the farmland landscape layout in mining area.

A CASE STUDY ON MEIJIANG DISTRICT, MEIZHOU CITY— HEALTH EVALUATION OF URBAN ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM

SHANG Zhi-hai, LIN Pei-song, LI Yuan-ni, et al

2012, 14(3):  43-47. 

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Health of urban ecological system means a healthy system for peoples living, and peoples and social health as well. Five factors, vigor, organization, resilience, ecosystem service, population health, are selected to evaluate the urban ecosystem health, and 21 indexes are established and AHP is used to assess the 2000—2004 ecosystem health in Meijiang district. The results show an improving ecosystem health, implying an rising coordination between natural environment, society and ecology. However, the improvement is small and even some indexes are worsening, and the big stress over the urban ecosystem is not really released.
 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LEGISLATION ON CHINA'S ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND IN-SITU CONVERSION

NAN Jing-yu

2012, 14(3):  48-53. 

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China's poor energy development and in-situ conversion legislation, environment laws and energy laws lead to a severe environmental issue in energy source. This paper uses comparison and logical methods to discuss the questionnaire of energy law, focusing on the fourth chapter by listing energy development an independent chapter, adding energy in-situ conversion to energy processing. According to the gross control of energy development, performance deposit system, environment entrust fund system, energy conservation system and environmental retaining right, energy development, energy in-situ conversion and energy processing are distinguished to give a solution to the shortage in environmental protection of energy development and in-situ conversion, which optimizes the questionnaire of energy law.

RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

INFLUENCE OF CHINA'S FISCAL POLICIES TO REFORM OF GEOLOGICAL UNITS

MA Hai-jun, CAO Xi-shen

2012, 14(3):  54-58. 

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 The reform of China's geological units was began in the environment of fiscal policy of the tax-sharing reform, unified collection and payment system by state treasury and the implementation of financial preferential policies, which, over the past ten years, have made achievements in promoting the reform of geological units into localization and enterprization. Currently, geological units confront issues such as unclassified enterprises/public benefits, lack of funds and poor budget management, which requires measures to boost the reform of geological units through the favorable fiscal policies, increasing geological survey funds and reforming budget management. 
  

DEFECTS OF LAND-INVOLVED MACROSCOPIC CONTROLS

HU Wei-wei

2012, 14(3):  59-65. 

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Land as a vital basis for human being is an economic element integrated with resource, asset and capital, with its outstanding capital attribute in China. Land-involved macroscopic controls which is unique in China mean that the governments use the land ownership to control the volume, structure, price and order of land supply, aiming at controlling the over-speeding economic growth and fixed asset investment, industrial structure and real estate. This paper re-discusses the point in theory, based on a full review of China’s land system, presents the defects in lack of theoretical basis, poor practice effects, incompatible encouragement and lagging response. Reform in land system is suggested to review the land-involved macroscopic controls.

TREND OF MINING ENTERPRISES-SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

KANG Ji-tian

2012, 14(3):  66-75. 

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Mining sector is of high risks. Mining enterprises should have done well in their social responsibility. Their product quality is facing safety and health at mining sites, environmental protection, community and fair competition, rather than consumers. Undertaking social responsibility is derived from stakeholder theory, resource-sharing theory and community relation theory, which are depending upon each other. Mining enterprises are hunting for economic benefits and contributing for the social development through executing their social responsibility that social controls can confine mining enterprise's behaviors to guarantee social functions. Mining enterprises are one of major powers in social responsibility construction that is ensured by legal and mortal responsibilities.

REVIEW ON CHINA'S RURAL RESIDENTIAL AREA CONSOLIDATION

ZHAO Yu-ling, YUN Wen-ju, YANG Hong, et al.

2012, 14(3):  76-83. 

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This paper reviews the study of rural residential areas and discusses the future path. Based on reference data, rural residential area consolidation is concentrated on its consolidation potential, mode, drives, mechanism and benefit evaluation, but less on management system. Much attention is focused at the benefit evaluation in the beginning, but missed in the middle-long term. It concludes that a set of scientific policy management system shall be established to make sure a middle-long term benefits in rural residential area consolidation.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES CITIES

FEATURES AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF DEEP COAL RESOURCES IN THE EAST OF NORTHERN CHINA 

AO Wei-hua, HUANG Wen-hui, YAO Yan-bin, LIU Hao

2012, 14(3):  84-90. 

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Coal mines in Northern China are becoming exhausted in the shallow after a long period of mining, so it is a necessity to look for coal in the deep. This paper summarizes systematically the distribution of coal resources and deep potential in five provinces in the east of northern China, analyzes the change trend of coal beds in the deep, and predicts the prospecting in the existing coal mines. The deep coal resources (-800~-1500m) are of huge potential, 2~4 times the shallow (above-800m) in Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Anhui. Gas coal fields are generally located in the shallow while coking coal fields are in the deep. The future prospecting lies in the deep and outskirts of existing mines, Coal beds under the large thrusts and complicated structures are of economic values. A detailed geological exploration and development planning must be completed due to a complicated geology in the deep, giving priority in developing those of stable and quality coal beds by  verifying the deep structures in order to avoid severe geological disasters.

RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

A CASE STUDY ON SHANGLUO CITY IN SHAANXI PROVINCE: SCENARIO ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATION IN OVERALL LAND USE PLANNING

SUN Pi-ling, YANG Hai-juan

2012, 14(3):  91-97. 

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The overall land use planning is a complicated process interactive with social system, natural and economic conditions. Based on a reference review, the paper selects Shangluo city, Shaanxi province, where is located in the Qinba mountains to expands the concept and steps of scenario analysis via land use changes and ecological safety and sustainable development theory, and designs four scenarios in 2006—2020 land use planning, which has been analyzed through grey linear planning mode. The results show a validation of scenario analysis in Shangluo's land use structural adjustment and a workable practice in municipal scale land use planning.

A CASE STUDY ON QINGCHENG DISTRICT，QINGYUAN CITY: MECHANISM AND DEVELOPMENT  APPROACHES TO TOURISM RESOURCES IN GEOGRAPHIC FRINGE

LIAO Ji-wu, ZHOU Zhi-hong,ZHOU Yong-zhang

2012, 14(3):  98-104. 

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Tourism resources are a base for tourism industry. Finding out the real quality of tourism resources is the premise of tourism development. To study the mechanism of geographical environment to tourism resources is better to know the features of tourism resources. Geographical fringe has stronger influences on tourism resources because of its special structure and function of environment and resources. Qingchen district, Qingyuan city as a typical geographical fringe was selected to find the influence of geographical fringe on tourism resources. The results show: 1) the transition, edge effects and location advantages of the geographical fringe are the main factors that influence on distribution, grade and type of tourism resources; 2) geographical fringe not only produces the advantages of tourism development, such as closing the market, many resources and easy to form favorable resources, but also reduce the quality of tourism resources. Understanding these rules is better to use the advantages of geographical fringe, and achieve the success of tourism development.

A CASE STUDY ON SHILIN KARST IN YUNNAN: VALUES AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD NATURAL HERITAGES

XU Wei-mo, CHEN Ling-ling, CHEN Sha-sha, et al

2012, 14(3):  105-111. 

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South China Karst was inscribed as natural heritage on the World Heritage List by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in 2007. The heritage site includes the Shilin Karst of Yunnan, Libo Kast of Guizhou and Wulong Karst of Chongqing. The area of Shilin Karst of Yunnan is 35 000 hm². This paper describes the location’s physical feature and the special geology distinction, and compares with the other similar karst landscape in the world, discusses the value of Shilin karst, and points out the existing issues, and presents relevant conservation approaches to the sustainable development of the world heritage.

GEOLOGICAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF WANGWU SHAN-DAIMEI SHAN GLOBAL GEOPARK IN HENAN

YAN Li-hong, TIAN Ming-zhong

2012, 14(3):  112-117. 

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Geological tourism is a new product of high-grade tourism. In recent years, a fever in applying for geopark leads to issues in geopark tourism development. Wangwu Shan-Daimei Shan was approved to be world geopark by UNESCO on Sept 18th, 2006, but was marked yellow to be rectified in an assessment in July 2010, attracting much attention in geopark development. This paper, based on the situation of Henan’s geopark and geological tourism development, seclects Wangwu Shan-Daimei Shan global geopark as a typical case, analyzes the geological tourism resource and its development situation, discusses the issues and presents approaches.

PROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF QITAI SILICIFIED WOOD & DINOSAUR NATIONAL GEOPARK IN XINJIANG BASED ON RMP ANALYSIS

LI Cui-lin

2012, 14(3):  118-122. 

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This paper, based on 2010 survey data and interview talks, applies RMP to analyze the features of resources, market and property (RMP) of Qitai Silicified Wood & Dinosaur National Geopark, combined with natural and cultural ecology, presents the core competitiveness is to construct fossils scene by establishing geological ecology and cultural tourism industrial zone. Directed by tourism market, the development is based on an integration of geopark’s featured resources, visiting tourism, leisure tourism, scientific tourism and exploring tourism and cultural tourism, which can form a geopark tourism series to meet diversified needs of scientific exploration, cultural discovery and holiday.

RESOURCES ENVIRONMENT

A CASE STUDY ON DOWNTOWN OF XINING CITY: DRIVES TO SPATIAL CHANGES IN CONSTRUCTION LAND USE

QIU Chun-hui, DUO Mei-li, QIAO Lu-yi, et al

2012, 14(3):  123-127. 

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Expansion of urban construction land use is a complicated dynamic process which is limited by many factors. This paper, based on case study on the downtown of Xining city, Qinghai province, uses 1999, 2003 and 2009 Landsat images to study the land use information and uses GIS technology to analyze the ten-year’s construction land use change, and calculates the areas and distribution of construction land use occupied from farmland, grass land and other land, and then discusses the drives to spatial changes in construction land use from population change, economic growth and policies. This study indicates that population and economy are two major drives to urban construction land expansion, and that policies play a directing role in urban development.

A CASE STUDY ON EASTERN YANSHAN MOUTAIN: ECOLOGICAL SAFETY ALARMING AND CONTROLS IN HEBEI’S MOUNTAINS

ZHAO Li, GE Jing-feng, LIANG Yan-qing, et al

2012, 14(3):  128-133. 

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This paper, according to the nature and economy of Hebei’s mountains, applies APH to establish an ecological safety alarming system with 4 hierarchy and 17 levels based on population, resources, environment and economy, and employs multiple objectives fuzz selection mode to assess the ecological safety in the eastern Yanshan mountain from temporal and spatial scales, discusses the causes of alarming and presents controls, attempting to provide reference to study and manage the ecological safety system in mountains for a sustainable development.

WORLD HERITAGE PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT UNDER GEOLOGICAL DISASTERS IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

FAN Wen-jing, SUN Jian-hua, HUO Si-jia, et al

2012, 14(3):  134-140. 

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In recent years, natural disasters occur frequently all around the world. Especially earthquakes not only are destructive but also lead to serious secondary disasters.Sichuan Province is a wellknown geological disaster area in China. On May 12th, 2008, an earthquake struck Wenchuan area followed by avalanches, landslides and debris flows, threatening the very existence of the 5 World Heritage sites, designated by UNESCO, and reducing them to a vulnerable state. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the geological disasters such as short duration, strong chain reactions, clear patterns, etc. Based on geological principles and methods and on previous research results the paper introduces the logistic regression model to do quantitative analysis of disasters frequency. Also via the application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the potential damages and threats will be evaluated and analyzed together with heritage restoration and protective experience, attempting to provide theoretical and practical basis for heritage conservation and management of geological disaster areas.

REFERENCE OF FOREIGN APPROACHES TO BROWNFIELD AND REDEVELOPMENT TO CHINA

XUE Chun-lu, ZHOU Wei, ZHENG Xin-qi

2012, 14(3):  141-146. 

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This paper gives an introduction to the origin, general and specific definition of brownfield, specifies its features, and expands the significance of developing brownfield and possible issues. Based on a review on the policies in America, UK, Canada, Germany and Japan, this paper describes China’s policies on brownfield use, concludes that there is no specific policy on brownfield. According to China’s industrial structures and land regimes and foreign references, China’s brownfield use shall be combined with China’s system, optimizing land handling system and making specific policies and regulations stimulating brownfield use.

A CASE STUDY ON XIANFENG COUNTY, HUBEI PROVINCE: LAND USE  SCENE PATTERN FEATURES BASED ON FRACTAL THEORY

WANG Dan-tong, YUAN Chun, ZHOU Wei, et al

2012, 14(3):  147-152. 

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This paper, based on a case study on Xianfeng county, Hubei province, analyzes the land use scene pattern features by applying GIS and fractal theory. On the basis of typical scene pattern index, this paper focuses on a quantization of patch shape fractal dimension and spatial structure box dimension, shows an expanding patch area, decreasing quantity, unchanged Shannon diversity and dominance, rising Shannon average, resolution and spreading degrees in 2007—2010 land use scene pattern. Reasons are given. Patch shape fractal dimension and spatial structure box dimension show that fractal dimension can correctly reflect the complexity, stability of scene types and the intensity of human activities on scene pattern of land use impact.

RESOURCES INVESTIGATION

A CASE STUDY ON LILIN TOWN, JIYUAN CITY, HENAN PROVINCE: DISCUSSION AND PRACTICE OF VILLAGE CONSOLIDATION IN ZHONGYUAN AREA

LI Ying-chao

2012, 14(3):  153-157. 

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Zhongyuan area is a traditional call of Henan province, where is of low village land use, scattered layout and big percentage of low-middle productive farmlands. This paper, based on experiences of trial villages, discusses the major modes of village consolidation in Zhongyuan area, based on a case study on Lilin town, including suburb integration mode, compressing newly-constructing mode, integration of many villages mode, poor village reconstruction mode. Under farmer ’s wills and protection of local features, new rural construction shall be based on land consolidation focusing on farmland, water, road, woods and villages, which can not only optimize the rural resource allocation, but also give solution to the limited funds in village construction. It promotes a mutual urban and rural development, a win-win mode.

CONSTRUCTION MODE OF DAJIN NATIONAL MINE PARK IN  LINXI COUNTY, INNER MONGOLIA

YANG Yan, WU Fa-dong, SUN Zhi-meng, et al

2012, 14(3):  158-162. 

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This paper, based on vast successful cases of mine parks, reviews the situation of Dajing national mine park from its connotation and core values, establishes the objectives of mine park construction, during which the “four issues regarding mining” must be handled. During planning, mine park construction shall be integrated into Dajing town urban construction as regional unified development. Mining heritages must be protected during mining activities, which achieves the objective of protection and development, ecological restoration and cultural inheritance, and a mine park. 

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES CITIES

APPLICATION OF GPS TECHNOLOGY IN SURVEYING BASED ON CORS BASE STATIONS

MIAO Xiao-li, SHI Sai-sai

2012, 14(3):  163-166. 

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This paper gives an introduction to the features and working principles of CORS, and illustrates its application in surveying from contents and technical routes. GPS bears merits in low cost, high precision, strong real time, and wide covering. The RTK surveying within CORS reformed the traditional surveying mode and largely increased surveying efficiency. This paper expands the application of CORS in surveying and clarifies the concrete requirements during using. 

RESOURCES INVESTIGATION

ISSUES IN AND APPROCHES TO HANDLING WUHAN’S LIVING WASTES

HUANG De-lin, LI Yuan-yuan

2012, 14(3):  167-173. 

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Handling scientifically the urban living wastes can not only provide solutions for eco-environmental and social-economic issues derived from living wastes, but also offer technology and resources to the urban sustainable development, which is a vial means of recycling economy. This paper, based on the status in handling Wuhan’s living wastes, analyzes the collection, transportation and handling of living wastes, discusses the issues, combined with Japan’s advanced experiences, presents a method in classifying, diversified collecting, charging and handling, which can promote the industrial development related to Wuhan’s living wastes and boost scientific development and progress in handling Wuhan’s living wastes.

SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY OF NEWLYINCREASED AND EXPANDING PROJECTS IN HENAN’S HIGHWAY

DUAN Yu-hang, WANG Tong-wen

2012, 14(3):  174-178. 

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At the end of the eleventh five-year plan, a new round of expressway construction is surging in Henan province, which is conflicting with land saving. This paper, combined with the existing land policies, aims at the newlyincreased and expanding projects, applies operation technology, engineering management and ecological prevention, and presents innovative views and workable suggestions from land saving, ecological protection and comprehensive benefits.

RESOURCES ECONOMICS

A CASE STUDY ON TAIZHOU, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE: INTERACTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES INDUSTRY AND TRADITIONAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

SHI Min-ying

2012, 14(3):  179-184. 

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As renewable resources industry develops,how to reach a concerted development between it and the traditional manufacturing industry has attracted much attention. This paper presents the contents that, at one hand, recovering resources from wastes shall convert to recovering products, and at the other hand, recovering resources and products. Five specific contents are illustrated. Based on a case study on Taizhou, Zhejiang province, this paper discusses the practice and achievements and four means, and approaches from increasing domestic recycling and importing, promoting in-situ renewing, developing renewable equipments, advancing a green manufacturing and constructing renewable industry park.

LAND RECLAMATION AND SYNERGISM IN TRANSPORTATION CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

ZIAO Yu, LIN He-ming, ZHU Zheng-Ye, et al

2012, 14(3):  185-188. 

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Temporary land use during land reclamation is characterized by widely distributing, hard reclamation, low reclamation benefit and difficult to be verified. This paper presents a land reclamation and synergism mode adaptable for transportation construction projects. Two modes are of land reclamation benefits, public benefit mode and market investment mode, which can reduce the burden of construction units, increase reclamation efficiency, and achieve land resource protection and development. Through public benefit ad and commercial ad, cultural values and commercial profits are gained together, not only promoting a social cultural construction, but also forming a new economic growing point. This paper gives reference for governments to make polices regarding land reclamation.

ISSUES AND APPROACHES TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-STANDARD OF BASIC FARMLAND

LI Shao-shuai, YUN Wen-ju

2012, 14(3):  189-193. 

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This paper summarizes the achievements of high standard farmland construction and analyzes the issues and presents approaches. The issues lie in unmatched farm investment with farmland resources, scattered investment mechanism, and fragmented farmlands and complicated ownerships as well. The approaches is to improve the mechanism, enhance national investment in agriculture and combination of land transfer, and to establish a system of government’s leading, land and resource department’s execution and other related department’s concentrated investment. 