Abstract:

This paper uses participatory rural appraisal to conduct a survey randomly among 107 household residents in Zudong mining district, Longnan county, Jiangxi province to understand the recognition of rare earth mining's impact on ecological environment, aiming at presenting references for administrators to make related policies. Rare earth mining contributes a little to local resident's income, but they understand and support the nation's protective rare earth mining policies. Most think rare earth mining will largely impact local ecological environment, but less 30% will consider taking measures to prevent harming environment. This paper presents suggestions in dealing with the mining rare earth and environmental protection, respecting local residents' desire, enhancing their supervision, boosting education of rare earth's sustainable development, and requiring mining companies to take responsibility in mine rehabilitation.

Key words: mining residents, rare earth mining, environmental impact, participatory rural appraisal

摘要：

解矿区居民对稀土开采及其对生态环境影响的认知程度，为政府制定相关政策提供参考。调查研究表明，虽然稀土矿开发对矿区居民收入增长的贡献不大，但矿区居民对当前国家实施的保护性开采稀土的政策表示理解和支持。绝大多数受访对象都认为稀土开采会对当地生态环境造成严重影响，但只有不到3成的人在稀土开采时会考虑采取措施防止破坏生态环境。正确处理稀土开采与环境保护的关系，应该充分尊重矿区居民的利益诉求，注重发挥矿区居民的环境监管作用，强化稀土资源可持续利用宣传教育，切实落实企业在矿山生态恢复治理中的责任。

关键词: 矿区居民, 稀土开采, 环境影响, 参与式乡村评估方法