EMPLOYMENT CAPACITY OF JIANGSU’S
MANUFACTURING FROM PERSPECTIVES OF LAND OWNERSHIP AND SECTOR
CHARACTERISTICS

doi:10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20240305.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Manufacturing is a vital basis for entity economy, and is China’s major industry in employment as well. In order to mitigate Jiangsu’s employment issue and to realize an ordered manufacturing, this paper, based on Jiangsu’s 317 thousand companies’ data, estimates their employees in its prefectures, counties and in different sectors, analyzes its spatial distribution, locality variance and sector difference of employment capacity, and applies multiple linear regression model to study the impacts of land ownership, sector features and other factors on manufacturing’s employment capacity. Jiangsu’s manufacturing has a large employment capacity, higher in state-owned land than in collective land. Employment capacity of Jiangsu’s manufacturing varies geographically, in a decreasing trend from south to north, both in state-owned land and collective land. Employment capacity of high-tech and strategic new manufacturing is far above Jiangsu’s average. Manufacturing in state-owned land, of high-tech and of new strategy, as well as taxation, sales income and land capacity, has an outstandingly positive impact on employment capacity, while regional economic development has a little impact. This paper presents suggestions on optimizing manufacturing layout to fulfill resources’ advantages, promoting a rational allocation among capital, labor and technology, playing a leading role of manufacturing in state-owned land, high-tech and new strategic industries, minimizing the gap of manufacturing’s employment capacity on the basis of innovative development strategy.

Key words:

manufacturing, employment capacity, land ownership, sector characteristics, Jiangsu province

摘要： 制造业是实体经济的重要基础，也是我国拉动劳动力就业的主力军。为了缓解江苏省现今面临的劳动力就业问题，实现制造业的健康有序发展，以江苏省317万家制造业企业为样本，计算了江苏省各地级市、区县和不同行业的制造业地均从业人员数，分析制造业企业劳动力吸纳能力的空间分布特征、地域差异及行业差异，并运用多元线性回归模型探究用地权属特征、行业特征以及其他影响因素变量对制造业企业劳动力吸纳能力的影响。研究表明：1）江苏省制造业企业劳动力吸纳能力显著，国有用地权属的制造业企业吸纳劳动力能力明显高于集体用地权属的企业；江苏省制造业劳动力吸纳能力在空间上存在较大差异，国有权属和集体权属用地的企业劳动力吸纳能力总体上均呈现由南向北递减的态势，苏南地区的制造业劳动力吸纳能力高于苏中、苏北地区。2）高新技术和战略新兴产业的制造业企业吸纳劳动力的能力远高于全省平均水平，具有较大的优势。3）国有用地权属和高新技术、战略新兴产业的企业对劳动力吸纳能力均有显著正向影响，上缴税费、销售收入和容积率也有显著促进作用，区域经济发展水平具有一定的影响力。因此，建议优化制造业企业的布局，更好地发挥各地资源优势，吸纳劳动力就业，促进劳动力、资金、技术等要素在地区间合理配置；发挥国有用地权属的企业、高新技术企业及战略新兴产业企业的带动作用，缩小全省制造业吸纳就业水平的差距；坚持以创新发展战略作为战略支持，助力制造业实体经济发展。

关键词: 制造业, 劳动力吸纳能力, 土地权属, 行业特征, 江苏

CLC Number:

F4244

QI Yuning, ZHAO Xiaofeng, LI Jingye, et al.

EMPLOYMENT CAPACITY OF JIANGSU’S MANUFACTURING FROM PERSPECTIVES OF LAND OWNERSHIP AND SECTOR CHARACTERISTICS [J]. Resources & Industries, 2024, 26(2): 141-150.

齐玉宁, 赵小风, 李靖业, 等.

江苏省制造业劳动力吸纳能力研究——基于用地权属和行业特征视角

[J]. 资源与产业, 2024, 26(2): 141-150.

References

丛屹, 范志莹, 2022. 我国制造业劳动力吸纳能力研究：基于行业结构调整和技术创新视角[J]. 财经问题研究(4): 47-54. 〔CONG Y, FAN Z Y, 2022. On labor absorption capacity of manufacturing industry in China: based on the perspective of industry restructuring and technological innovation[J]. Research on Financial and Economic Issues(4): 47-54.〕

崔艳, 2022. 人工智能对制造业就业的影响及应对研究: 来自微观企业和劳动者调查数据[J]. 当代经济管理, 44(3): 59-66. 〔CUI Y, 2022. Research on the influence of artificial intelligence on the employment of manufacturing industry in China and its countermeasures: survey data from micro enterprises and workers[J]. Contemporary Economic Management, 44(3): 59-66.〕

范巧, 2018. 国家级新区劳动力转移效应与劳动力吸纳能力[J]. 人口与经济(2): 16-24. 〔FAN Q, 2018. The outputs effects of labor force interregional transference and labor absorptive capacity of state-level new areas[J]. Population & Economics(2): 16-24.〕

方建国, 尹丽波, 2012. 技术创新对就业的影响—创造还是毁灭工作岗位: 以福建省为例[J]. 中国人口科学(6): 34-43, 111. 〔FANG J G, YIN L B, 2012. The impact of technological innovation on employment: hypothesis, theory and positive analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science(6): 34-43, 111.〕

耿鹏鹏, 檀竹平, 罗必良, 2022. “挤出”抑或“吸纳”: 农机服务如何影响农业劳动力转移[J]. 华中农业大学学报(社会科学版) (4): 24-37. 〔GENG P P, TAN Z P, LUO B L, 2022. “Squeezing out ” or “absorption” : how agricultural machinery services affect the transfer of agricultural labor[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition) (4): 24-37.〕

顾天竹, 纪月清, 钟甫宁, 2021. 城镇化、生活服务外包与低技能服务业扩张: 基于吸纳农村劳动力转移角度的讨论[J]. 南京农业大学学报(社会科学版), 21(2): 136-147. 〔GU T Z, JI Y Q, ZHONG P N, 2021. Urbanization, life service outsourcing and low-skilled service industry expansion: a discussion based on the perspective of absorbing rural labor transfer[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition), 21(2): 136-147.〕

黄宇虹, 樊纲治, 2020. 土地确权对农民非农就业的影响: 基于农村土地制度与农村金融环境的分析[J]. 农业技术经济(5): 93-106. 〔HUANG Y H, FAN G Z, 2020. The effects of land right confirmation on farmers’ non-farm jobs: analyses from rural land system and rural financial environments[J]. Journal of Agrotechnical Economics(5): 93-106.〕

姜金秋, 杜育红, 2015. 分行业技术进步对就业的动态影响研究: 基于中国34个工业行业1980—2011年的数据[J]. 工业技术经济, 34(7): 113-121. 〔JIANG J Q, DU Y H, 2015. Dynamic effects of industry-level technical progress on employment: based on 34 industries of China from 1980 to 2011[J]. Journal of Industrial Technological Economics, 34(7): 113-121.〕

李红波, 吴江国, 张小林, 等, 2018. “苏南模式”下乡村工业用地的分布特征及形成机制: 以常熟市为例[J]. 经济地理, 38(1): 152-159. 〔LI H B, WU J G, ZHANG X L, et al., 2018. The distribution characteristics and mechanism of the rural industrial land with the “Southern Jiangsu Pattern”: a case study of Changshu[J]. Economic Geography, 38(1): 152-159.〕

刘丽华, 赵小风, 黄贤金, 等, 2023. 企业特征、行业特征对工业企均用地规模的影响: 以江苏省为例[J]. 中国土地科学, 37(1): 48-58. 〔LIU L H, ZHAO X F, HUANG X J, et al., 2023. The influence of enterprise characteristics and industry characteristics on average land use scale of industrial enterprises: taking Jiangsu province as an example[J]. China Land Science, 37(1): 48-58.〕

隆云滔, 刘海波, 蔡跃洲, 2020. 人工智能技术对劳动力就业的影响: 基于文献综述的视角[J]. 中国软科学(12): 56-64. 〔LONG Y T, LIU H B, CAI Y Z, 2020. The study of the impact of artificial intelligence on labor’s employment from the perspective of literature review[J]. China Soft Science(12): 56-64.〕

骆永民, 张越, 2021. 城市土地使用策略对劳动力流动的影响[J]. 现代经济探讨(8): 72-84. 〔LUO Y M, ZHANG Y, 2021. Impact of city land-use strategies on labor mobility[J]. Modern Economic Research(8): 72-84.〕

秦放鸣, 范姣, 2016. 我国产业结构转型对农村劳动力转移吸纳效率的实证研究[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 37(11): 131-139. 〔QIN F M, FAN J, 2016. Empirical research on the absorption efficiency of the industrial restructuring on the rural labor transfer[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 37(11): 131-139.〕

王春雷, 2013. 乡镇企业对农业剩余劳动力转移的影响(1984—1992)[J]. 晋阳学刊(3): 135-140. 〔WANG C L, 2013. The effects of township enterprises on agricultural surplus labor (1984-1992)[J]. Academic Journal of Jinyang(3): 135-140.〕

王芳琴, 2022. 人力资本、资源集聚与产业结构协调发展的实证研究[J]. 资源与产业, 24(4): 113-123. 〔WANG F Q, 2022. Coordinated development empirical study on human capital, resources agglomeration and industrial structure[J]. Resources & Industries, 24(4): 113-123.〕

王蓉, 夏晓华, 黄桂田, 2022. 技能异质性劳动力选择性集聚的学习交流效应与地区生产效率: 来自制造业微观企业的证据[J]. 经济科学(1): 96-111. 〔WANG R, XIA X H, HUANG G T, 2022. Learning and idea-exchange effects of spatially-selective agglomeration of heterogeneously skilled workers and regional productivity: evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms[J]. Economic Science(1): 96-111.〕

王炜, 郑悦, 2019. 产业结构演进对东北三省人口流动的影响及对策分析[J]. 学术交流(6): 101-109. 〔WANG W, ZHENG Y, 2019. Industrial structure evolution: its impact on the population flow of the three northeast provinces and its measure analysis[J]. Academic Exchange(6): 101-109.〕

韦庆明, 赵欣欣, 冯馨, 等, 2022. 环境规制、绿色创新与产业结构升级: 基于省际面板数据的空间杜宾模型分析[J]. 资源与产业, 24(6): 54-63. 〔WEI Q M, ZHAO X X, FENG X, et al., 2022. Environmental regulation, green innovation and industrial structure upgrading: spatial Dubin model analysis based on provincial panel data[J]. Resources & Industries, 24(6): 54-63.〕

袁冬梅, 周磊, 袁礼, 2021. 技术创新模式转变对劳动力就业结构的影响: 基于制造业上市公司数据的分析[J]. 中国人口科学(6): 81-95, 128. 〔YUAN D M, ZHOU L, YUAN L, 2021. The influence of technological innovation mode transformation on labor employment structure: analysis based on data of listed manufacturing companies[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science(6): 81-95, 128.〕

袁洪亮, 2003. 当代中国农村土地产权制度变迁下的农民外出就业动因分析[J]. 长春工程学院学报(4): 14-16.

阳立高, 龚世豪, 韩峰, 2015. 新生代劳动力供给变化对制造业升级的影响研究: 基于新生代劳动力供给和制造业细分行业数据的实证[J]. 中国软科学(11): 136-144. 〔YANG L G, GONG S H, HAN F, 2015. Research on the effect of the change in new generation labors supply on manufacturing upgrading: an empirical analysis based on the data of the new generation labors supply and sub-sectors of Chinese manufacturing[J]. China Soft Science(11): 136-144.〕

姚先国, 郭东杰, 2004. 改制企业劳动关系的实证分析[J]. 管理世界(5): 97-107.

赵祥, 曹佳斌, 2017. 农村土地制度、劳动力流动与我国城市化模式[J]. 开发研究(6): 12-19.

朱翠华, 李建民, 2012. 技术进步就业效应新解[J]. 财经科学(4): 53-61. 〔ZHU C H, LI J M, 2012. The effects of technology progress on employment and its decomposition[J]. Finance & Economics(4): 53-61.〕

AGHION P, PETER H, 1994. Growth and unemployment[J]. The Review of Economic Studies, 61(3): 477-494.