Abstract: This paper studies the complicated institutions and their management process by federal government in America's oilgas resource management from reserve information, mining permits and operation. Many institutions are involved in America's oilgas management, a clear set of laws and regulations to mark their responsibilities. A precommunication mechanism ensures an effective operation in all management processes. USGS is responsible for the reserve information, and Energy Information Administration for market, information commercialization and electronization. Many institutions involve prebidding management of mining permits, but centralizes after.Quite simple in operation management. All these key processes improve their efficiency in managing oilgas resources.

Key words: America, oil gas resource management, reserve information, mining permit, operation, process

摘要： 梳理了美国油气资源管理体系中联邦层级复杂的机构设置及机构之间的工作流程，并从储量信息、矿业权和生产运营3个方面分析美国联邦层级油气资源勘查开发管理的具体工作流程。研究发现，美国油气资源管理涉及机构众多，部门之间通过详尽细致的法律法规划分权利责任，事前的沟通机制和法律法规保障了工作流程中各个节点的有效运行。储量信息由地质调查局负责技术信息获取，而由能源信息署负责向市场提供，促进信息商业化和电子化；矿业权竞标前管理多方参与，竞标及竞标后管理部门集中；生产运营管理流程简洁明确。通过实施这些关键流程，相关油气资源管理机构可以提高矿业的管理效能。

关键词: 美国, 油气资源管理, 储量信息, 矿业权, 生产运营, 流程