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    EXPLORATION SITUATION AND OUTLOOK OF SHALE GAS IN SOUTHEAST CHONGQING 
    WANG Lin, LIU Chong, ZHANG Jinchuan, et al
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (5): 46-52.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180926.001
    Abstract336)      PDF(pc) (4653KB)(242)       Save
    Shale gas was first discovered in southeast Chongqing, where is also the key place for shale gas exploration. Formation of shale gas reservoir is controlled by shale thickness, organic matters concentration, thermal evolution, porosity and preservation. Southeast Chongqing hosts two major shale units of rich organic matters, Niutitang formation of lower Cambrian and Wufeng-Longmaxi formation of upper Ordovician-lower Silurian, both bearing thick sediments, high organic matters concentration, high thermal evolution, especially in Wufeng-Longmaxi formation with favorable geology for potential economic shale gas, also in upper Proterozoic Doushantou formation, Permian Changxing formation, Longtan formatin (Wujiaping formation), and lower Silurian Shiniulan formation (Songkan formation), where shall be a good exploration target of shale gas.  
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    SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SHALE GAS ACCUMULATION OF SONGKAN FORMATION OF ANYE-1 WELL DISTRICT IN NORTHERN GUIZHOU 
    ZHANG Peng,ZHANG Jinchuan,LEI Huaiyu, et al
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (3): 34-41.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180615.001
    Abstract78)      PDF(pc) (1898KB)(332)       Save
    Songkan formation cores of Anye-1 well and outcrops, together with geochemistry, petrology and reservoir of Songkan formation shales, show dark gray thin-layered calcic shale interbeded with granular argillaceous limestone, with a rising lime and falling siltstone upwards. The TOC of Songkan formation in Anye-1 well district is generally lower than 1.0%, most at 0.1%. Its organic matters of calcic sandy mudstone are type II1, implying a higher thermal evolution with maturity at 2.75%-2.92%, average at 2.85%. The highly-interbeded mudstone and limestone can form a sealing layer in preserving shale gas. The horizontal cracks develop in mudstone, not in limestone, which is closely related to higher gas content indicated by the on-site tests. Although the organic carbon is not high in its mudstone and limestone, the gas has been enriched due to the sealing interbeded limestone. 
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    DEVONIAN SEDIMENTARY SYSTEM AND SHALE-GAS PROSPECTING ZONE OF NANPANJIANG BASIN 
    XIN Yunlu, WANG Jinzhu, JIN Chunshuang
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (3): 42-57.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180615.004
    Abstract95)      PDF(pc) (7337KB)(767)       Save
    Based on on-site cross sections, regional geology, publications, this paper discusses its sedimentary system types, features and distribution of Nanpanjiang basin, and forecasts the prospecting shale-gas zones on the basis of the distribution of deep water fine grained sedimentary facies. The Devonian in Nanpanjiang basin develops river delta, where holds eight sedimentary systems, continental debris offshore, continental debris inner shelf, continental debris outer shelf, restricted platform, open platform, platform margin, slope and deep sea. In the early Devonian, there is no sedimentation in most Nanpanjiang basin except the southern Qinfang area. The transgression northward forms a widely-spreading river delta, continental debris offshore sedimentary system. During the middle Devonian, the continental land diminishes with a decreased supply of continental source, river delta-debris offshore only distributes along the land margin as deep water sedimentation largely expands. Between them is widely-spreading constrained/open platform sedimentation, featured by carbonates. Entering the late Devonian, lands diminishes further, short of continental supply. River delta-debris offshore facies only distributes the margin of Yunkai continent, between them is also the carbonate-featured constrained/open platform sedimentation. According to the distribution and buried depth of deep water facies, Nandan, Ziyun, Fushui and Guangnan area are of shale gas potentials, also Yongfu-Luzhai-Pingle-Wuxuan area is worthy attention. 
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    F1 FAULT CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON COAL SEAM OF DENGJIACHONG SECTION 
    LIU Zhenqi, ZHENG Zhenhua
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (3): 58-62.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180615.003
    Abstract133)      PDF(pc) (1406KB)(186)       Save
    This paper discusses its geology, structure and formation of Dengjiachong section, concludes that faults are developed in Dengjiachong section, F1 is the largest fault in this area influencing the coal mine, which is regional thrust fault along the bedding located in the western flank of Yonglei syncline, distributing along its striking, dipping as the same with strata at an angle of 11-58°, average at 40°. The fault interface is gently wavy. F1 fault develops in the medium to upper Longtan formation, controlled by stratified weak structural plane, overlying the top loose sandstone of coal 6 bed. Under the strong structural stress field, F1 fault has a large displacement on its upper plate, leading to a complicated structure and missing of coal beds, or partially. Its lower plate has a simple structure with loose sandstone as a good protective layer to the lower coal seam, where coal seams are well preserved. Economic coal seams are successfully discovered by using the theory of thrust fault, overturning the points of no coal in this area, offering references for searching coal under the thrust faults in the new region. 
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    DYNAMIC INTERACTION BETWEEN WATER RESOURCE USE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN HEBEI PROVINCE BASED ON VAR MODEL 
    LI Li, ZHAO Lianrong, WEI Xiaofang, et al
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (2): 26-32.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180508.001
    Abstract105)      PDF(pc) (3771KB)(170)       Save
    Hebei province lacks water resource, about 1/11 of water resource per capita in China, resulting in a rising conflict between water shortage and economic growth. This paper, based on VAR model and Hebei's gross water use, industrial waste use, agricultural water use, GDP, agricultural added values and industrial added values during 2000-2015, uses stability test, co-integration test, Grander causality, pulse response and variance decomposition to analyze the interaction between water resource use and economic growth in Hebei province, with results showing a co\|integration between economic growth and gross water use, agricultural water use and industrial water use, and a one-way Granger causality between water resource use and economic growth. The cumulative pulse response of economic growth to gross water use is negative, and vise verse, that of agricultural added value to agricultural water use is positive, but agricultural water use to agricultural added value negative, both industrial added value to industrial water use and industrial water use to industrial added value negative. Except a higher contribution in agricultural added value to agricultural water use and industrial water use to industrial added value, economic growth has a less contribution to water use.  
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    DIAGENESIS AND RESERVOIR FEATURES OF COMPACT SANDSTONE OF COAL-BEARING FORMATION IN SOUTHERN ORDOS BASIN 
    HE Mingqian, HUANG Wenhui, WANG Yuanzheng, et al
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (2): 33-40.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180423.004
    Abstract72)      PDF(pc) (4818KB)(480)       Save
    This paper, based on thin sections of coal-bearing formation of Ordos basin, studies the reservoir features and diagenesis of compact sandstone of coal-bearing formation of southern Ordos basin on cases of Memer 1 of Shanxi formation and Member 8 of Shihezi formation, Sulige area, and concludes that diagenesis largely influences reservoir. In the study area, the rock is mainly debris quartz sandstone with diagenesis of compaction, cementation and dissolution. It is concluded that the members has reached stage B of medium diagenesis combined with regional diagenesis evolution series. Comparison shows reservoir varies with diagenesis that compaction, cementation and dissolution destroy the pore structure in the early diagenesis, leading to a poor reservoir feature, and dissolution starts to produce secondary pores to improve the reservoir in the medium diagenesis.  
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    CHARACTERISTICS AND RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF RONGNA SUPER LARGE PORPHYRY-EPITHERMAL COMPOUND COPPER DEPOSIT, SOUTHERN TIEGELONG, GAIZE COUNTY, TIBET 
    LI Zhi, RAN Qilan
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (2): 41-51.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180507.001
    Abstract123)      PDF(pc) (20016KB)(449)       Save
    This paper introduces the geologic setting, deposit geology, geophysical/geochemical anomalies, alteration, ore body geology, ores quality, mineralization period and stages of Rongna super large porphyry-epithermal compound copper deposit, Gaize county, Tibet, and discusses the source of mineralization elements. Rongna copper deposit is a compound deposit with high-sulfur epithermal deposit on the top and porphyry deposit on the lower part, although it is in the same structure-magma. It is the largest copper deposit in Duolong mineralization concentration district, with 332+333+334 resource up to 11 million tons at a grade of 0.53%. This paper clarifies the deposit types, geology, structure and mineralization, establishes a geological model to predict ore deposit in Rongna deposit, southern Tiegelong, and summarizes its structure, and analyzes the further prospecting and resource potential combined with CSAMT.
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    QUANTITATIVE IDENTIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY MICROFACIES 
    ZHAO Guangyu
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (1): 28-33.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180212.002
    Abstract300)      PDF(pc) (1526KB)(647)       Save
    Quantitative description of sedimentary microfacies is an effective way to study reservoir. This paper selects natural gamma and spontaneous potential logging curve to use their  root-mean-square, skewness and the average amplitude between the upper and lower within bed limit to serve as indexes in quantitative identification of sedimentary microfacies. The average amplitude of logging curve is used to classify as small and medium curve. Data skewness within bed limit is used to be a quantitative parameter to determine the curve stability and shape, which is employed to identify the stable and unstable curves. The average range of the upper and lower amplitude within bed limit is used to further ensure the morphology of logging curve. By using this method,  many microfacies such as meandering stream channel, beach, crevasse splays, natural levees and flood plain, have been identified in meandering stream deposits of Shahejie formation, Qudi oilfield, which validates this method. 
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    SURFACE CBM DEVELOPMENT MODES OF LOW -RANK COAL IN BINCHANG COAL MINE IN SHAANXI PROVINCE 
    ZHANG Xufeng
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (1): 34-38.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180212.003
    Abstract78)      PDF(pc) (1269KB)(568)       Save
    This paper analyzes the geological structures, coal bed features, reservoir permeability, adsorption, gas content, resource potential of Dafosi coal field, Binchang mining district, Shaanxi province, studies the technology and adaption of the surface CBM development modes, and applies simulation and software CBM-SIM  to forecast the extraction effects of the vertical and branching horizontal wells of Dafosi coal field, offering the technical references for surface CBM development of  low-rank coal in Binchang coal mine or for other similar coal mines. Binchang coal mine is of classic  low-rank coal with its No.4 coal bed as the major producing bed, thick, low gas content with high permeability. The test acquired a good extraction result, up to 2 221.26 m^3 per day in vertical wells, and over  25 000 m^3 among the five horizontal wells. This paper suggests selecting the premium mode to develop CBM or to manage coal gas based on geology, extraction objectives, developing technology and investment cost. 
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    SITUATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS FOR LEAD RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA 
    GU Ya, WANG Jianping, WANG Xiu, et al
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (1): 39-46.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180212.001
    Abstract119)      PDF(pc) (1538KB)(633)       Save
    This paper, based on recent lead statistical data, analyzes the situation of  lead resource development in China from lead resource reserves, production, supply & demand, import & export, and price, presents the issues and according suggestions. China owns abundant lead resource with lead reserves ranking at the top, production and consumption at the foremost, but faces a few issues such as low lead resource guarantee degree, heavy dependence on imported ores, lagging lead recycling industry, and severe environmental pollution. Aiming at the above-stated issues, this paper presents suggestions on boosting geological exploration, increasing resource reserves, improving international cooperation, reducing ore dependence, fastening lead recycling industry development, efficiently using resource, strictly 
    supervising law enforcement, and protecting resource environment. 
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    DEVELOPMENT SITUATION AND INVESTING ENVIRONMENT OF MINING INDUSTRY IN KYRGHYZSTAN 
    HE Zixin, ZHANG Dandan, WANG Bin, et al
    Resources & Industries    2018, 20 (1): 47-54.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20180312.001
    Abstract155)      PDF(pc) (1248KB)(971)       Save
    Kyrghyzstan is located in the northeast of middle Asia, where is the core zone of "Silk Road Economy Belt" of advantageous geopolitical position. Kyrghyzstan possesses favorable geological conditions for mineral ores with abundance of mineral resources and good mining situation, which attract lots of Chinese investors. This paper introduces its general situation of mineral resources, analyzes its development situation and investing environment of mining industry from issues of mining right counts, mining investment data and development of large mining companies. It also analyzes its mining policies, laws, regulations and mining administration's evolution, and summarizes its advantages and disadvantages of mining investment, aiming at offering references for Chinese exploration units and mining companies. 
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    SITUATION AND SUGGESTIONS OF CHINA'S GRAPHITE RESOURCE
    Dong Mengmeng, Liu Chao, Zhao Ting, et al.
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (6): 49-56.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20171228.001
    Abstract99)      PDF(pc) (1909KB)(389)       Save
    Graphite, as an industrial mineral of scarcity, strategy and risk, is widely used in multiple applications by its special quality. This paper, based on graphite resource distribution, reserve, production, consumption structure and trading, discusses the issues in exports and fine processing, and presents suggestions to ensure the sound development of China's graphite industry from consolidating graphite mines for ordered mining, adjusting export policy in limiting export quantity, educating talents, improving fine processing technology and producing highend products, supporting from policy and capital, especially supporting institutes, and constructing the instituteenterprise  and enterpriseenterprise service platform.
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    EXPLORATION & DEVELOPMENT SITUATION AND VIEWS OF CHINA'S GRAPHITE RESOURCE
    Yang Wei, Wang Beibei, Zhou Jinsheng.
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (6): 57-63.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20171219.001
    Abstract98)      PDF(pc) (1167KB)(358)       Save
    This paper, based on application of graphite and demands of graphite products, concludes that graphite is a key high tech industrial mineral with huge economic and strategic values. China possesses abundance of graphite resource, and is a big graphite producer and a consumer as well, but not a giant. This paper analyzes graphite exploration & development situation, industrial development and global trading, and presents paths to optimizing graphite exploration & development, and to promoting China's graphite industrial development. Aiming at the issues in irrational mining rights, disordered development and low end industrial development, this paper suggests using planning to manage graphite exploration & development, boosting controls on supply & demand, and using technical innovation and management to upgrade China's graphite industry.
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    INDUSTRIALIZATION OF URBAN MINERALS DEVELOPMENT AND USE
    Cui Muhua.
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (6): 64-70.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20171226.004
    Abstract347)      PDF(pc) (1167KB)(311)       Save
    Some China's bulk mineral resources become less 50% in guarantee recently, largely depending upon imports, but the abandoned urban resources are hidden urban mines, which can not only mitigate the resource and environmental issues on China's economy, but also guarantee China's minerals safety if fully used. This paper, based on the status of recycling urban minerals, discusses the main factors in limiting China's urban minerals recycling, and presents paths to improving the urban minerals recycling system and to related laws and regulations, and to strictly excising urban minerals recycling permits viewing from perspective of China's mineral resources security, which is a strategy in promoting industrialization of China's urban minerals development and use. 
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     GEOLOGY AND MINERALIZATION DATING OF JIENAGEPU GOLD DEPOSIT IN SOUTHERN TIBET WITH IMPLICATION FROM ZHAXIKANG
    DONG Sui liang, HUANG Yong, LI Guangming, et al.
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (5): 56-64.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20171106.003
    Abstract119)      PDF(pc) (5589KB)(326)       Save
     Jienagepu gold deposit is the latest discovery in Zhaxikang ore concentrating area in southern Tibet. This paper, aiming at studying its mineralization age and mechanism, dates the sericite's Ar-Ar ages in orebearing quartz vein, and H & O isotopes tracking, and compares the results with Pb-Zn-Au-Sb deposits within the same area. Result shows that mineralization age of Jienagepu gold deposit is 17.6±1.8 Ma, the same as the Pb-Zn-Au-Sb deposits and as light-colored granites and pegmatites in Cuonadong dome. Combined with H & O isotopes tracking, this paper thinks Pb-Zn-Au-Sb metallogenic system in Zhaxikang ore concentrating area is controlled by Cuonadong gneiss dome with mineralization age at 16.6~18.7 Ma. The Miocene magmatic events provided heat to drive the underground water circulation and extracted the mineralizing elements from strata or Himalaya, mixed with a small quantity of magmatic fluid and mineralizing elements, migrated along SN-striking faults and concentrated to form the deposit, forming a four-in-one dome-magma-strata-structure ore controlling system.

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     A CASE STUDY ON DASUJI MOLYBDENUM DEPOSIT IN INNER MONGOLIA: APPLICATION OF GEOSTATISTICS IN ESTIMATING MINE RESERVES
    Xu Lei, Liu Yongtuan.
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (5): 65-70.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20171106.002
    Abstract104)      PDF(pc) (4617KB)(499)       Save
     This paper uses mine 3D software to establish the 3D geological model of Dasuji Molybdenum deposit, and applies geostatistics to estimate the reserve and resource, offering references for next exploration and mining. MicroMine is used to set up geological database of Dasuji molybdenum deposit, topographical DTM, ore body model and grade model, 3D of drilling database, also shows the spatial position of morphology of ore bodies in reality. Based on geostatistics, drilling samples are composited and statistically analyzed. Grade and reserve is estimated on the basis of ordinary krigging. Compared to the traditional block and mine's production, this 3D software gives reliable estimation, which provides references for dynamic management of mine's resource.
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     DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD ZINC RESOURCES AND PROPOSALS FOR CHINESE MINING COMPANIES
    Liu Yongtuan, Xu Lei, Du Qingsong.
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (5): 71-77.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20171106.007
    Abstract138)      PDF(pc) (2604KB)(460)       Save
     This paper analyzes the global distribution and development of lead-zinc resources, aiming at intensifying China's mining companies' core competitiveness, based on their resource distribution and development in major countries and lists the main lead-zinc mines globally with large reserves. This paper, based on the world lead-zinc import & export and China's investment environment, presents suggestions for Chinese mining companies on prioritizing countries with favorable geology for lead-zinc mineralization, considering investment environment, using other countries' resource to set up Chinese lead-zinc industrial base, forming new mining development concept and mode so as to promote the sustainable development of Chinese capital, and to help Chinese mining companies out of the mining economy predicament. 

     

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    A CASE STUDY ON GUANZHAI COAL MINE: FEASIBILITY STUDY OF COALBED METHANE DEVELOPMENT IN COAL MINE BASED ON GEOLOGY AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
    ZHAO Long, RU Ting, HU Zheng-tian
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (3): 44-47.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20170516.010
    Abstract142)      PDF(pc) (1354KB)(492)       Save
    To study the feasibility of developing coalbed methane in coal mine and give guideline to application of this technology in coalbed methane development and gas control in coal mine, this paper evaluates the coalbed methane resource of Guanzhai coal mine based on its geology. Guanzhai coal mine has favorable geology and reservoir for coalbed methane with abundance of coalbed methane. Reservoir simulation software was used to forecast the single well gas production with result showing a higher rate, up to 932.00 m3/d in continuous 15 years. Gas from No.4 and No.9 coalbed decreased by 33.93% and 33.33%. Guanzhai coal mine has potential of large scale production of coalbed methane, and relatively safe. This feasibility study, combining geology and resource potential with production forecast, is effective in simulating coalbed methane in coal mine.
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    IDENTIFICATION OF POLLUTION AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL SITES BEFORE REDEVELOPMENT BASED ON A CASE STUDY ON REMAINED SITES BY ELECTROPLATING FACTORY
    Ma Ning, Gao Xian-ping, Qin Yong-jun,et al
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (3): 48-52.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20170523.002
    Abstract120)      PDF(pc) (1433KB)(590)       Save
    This paper, based on a case study on a remained site by relocated electroplating factory in Chongqing, analyzes the heavy metals concentration in the soil with results showing Cr concentration at 22.7 to 378 mg/kg, averaging 72.2 mg/kg, Ni at 19.8 to 1 220 mg/kg, averaging 127.8 mg/kg, 12.9% and 16.1% respectively over the standard, and 1.99 and 24.4 times at maximum by “Fair Land Soil Environmental Quality Appraisal Standard (HJ350-2007)”. According to “Risks Assessment Technical Guidelines of Polluted Sites (HJ25.3-2014)”, this paper conducted a health risk assessment on Cr (VI) with all samples over the acceptable level 1.0×10^-6 in comprehensive carcinogenic threshold limit, up to 1.41×10^-4. Exposure through mouth and breath. Measures must be taken to ensure the environmental safety before redevelopment of industrial sites. 
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    CHINA’S LAND RECLAMATION CHANGES FROM 1979-2014 BASED ON REMOTE SENSING DATA
    ZHANG Yu, GUO Xin, DUAN Jia-hao
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (1): 35-40.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.2017.01.006
    Abstract271)      PDF(pc) (1379KB)(440)       Save
    This paper, based on Landsat’s MSS/TM/ETM+ and SPOT-5 and ZY-3 remote sensing images, acquires the land reclamation changes by using ArcGIS and ENVI to process the five periods’ image data from 1979—2014, analyzes systematically the temporal spatial changes in four stages in China’s land reclamation. By 2014 China’s coastal reclamation by land fill had reached up to 2156.77 km2, increasing by 61.62 km2 annually. Liaoning ranks the top, up to 18.41%; Hainan is the bottom of 0.99%. The area of the land fill converted from land enclosing is 405.28 km2, covering 18.79% of the total land reclamation area, and is 16.89 km 2 annually. The result shows a rising area of the land fill converted from land enclosing, of which the marine breeding contributes the most.
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    STRUCTURE CHANGE AND FACTORS OF URBAN CONSTRUCTION LAND IN HARBIN CITY
    ZHAO Wen-jia, DONG Hui-he, SUN Li-zheng, et al.
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (1): 41-47.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20170116.001
    Abstract274)      PDF(pc) (1095KB)(570)       Save
    This paper takes Harbin’s downtown as the study area, applies the backward and path analysis of regression method to select the main factors in urban construction land change, analyses the their intensity through correlated coefficient decomposition, and discusses rational allocating rules of urban land resources. Real estate investment is the biggest factor in urban land use with a direct coefficient of 0.592. The third industry and urban population also influence residential land through real estate. The gross industrial output influences the industrial land use the most with a direct path coefficient of 0.583, an indirect coefficient of 0.331 through urban population. Fixed investment is the leading factor in Harbin’s logistic and warehousing land use, and also a vital factor in roads and green lands. Urban population has a significant direct and indirect influence on all land use.
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    OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS ON GEOTHERMAL PUMP SYSTEM OF A FACTORY IN BEIJING
    LIU Jing, HUANG Xue-ting, LEI Ya-lin
    Resources & Industries    2017, 19 (1): 48-54.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.2017.01.003
    Abstract198)      PDF(pc) (2465KB)(507)       Save
    This paper, in order to analyze the operation and factors of geothermal pump system and improve its engineering, selects a factory’s geothermal pump project on the basis of project introduction and design to analyze the indicators of heat balance and temperature change of rock body, pipe input/output temperature and heat exchange per meter in single hole. The result shows that the theoretical heat balance in the rock body is close to the measured. The operation in winter and summer is better than the tested, with the actual heat exchange per meter in single hole less than the tested. This paper points out that geothermal pump project shall be boosted at its early exploration and heat response test, and at its later maintenance and monitoring.
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    BEIJING'S GEOTHERMAL EXPLORATION SITUATION AND ISSUES
    LIU Jing, LEI Ya-lin
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (5): 51-.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20161024.016
    Abstract379)      PDF(pc) (1149KB)(524)       Save
    As a request by the environmental protection and clean energy, Beijing is slowing down it geothermal development, both in pace and size. This paper, based on Beijing's geothermal exploration references and data, summarizes Beijing geothermal exploration history in 19712015 from drilling holes, depth and total footages, and analyzes its development history and historical trend from mined volume and uses. Issues regarding market environment, industrial basics and policy are existing in Beijing geothermal resources. This paper presents approaches to the sustainable development of Beijing's geothermal industry from exploration, activating the pending wells and improving management and service.
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    Cited: Baidu(1)
    CHINA'S SALINE LITHIUM RESOURCES AND SUGGESTION
    Hou Li-sheng, Li Xiao-guang, Jin Ruo-shi, et al.
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (5): 55-.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20161024.015
    Abstract434)      PDF(pc) (1159KB)(1144)       Save
    This paper studies China's saline lithium resources from resources and reserve, brine components, processing technology and saline location. China has abundance of saline lithium resources, but low probable reserve, high Mg/Li ratio and in remote area. Lithium resources can not meet nation's demands. This paper presents suggestions in aiming at supply demand conflict from national strategy, resources exploration and technical innovation. Nation should determine lithium as energy resources. Exploration shall be focused on Qaidam basin's saline brines, and Sichuan basin's deep brine as well. To protect intellectual property rights can help capital be used in technical innovation. 
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    GLOBAL RESEARCH SITUATION OF REE VIEWING FROM SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE ATLAS
    XU Zhen-liang, LIU Xi-mei, LIU Dong-xiao
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (5): 62-.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20161024.003
    Abstract350)      PDF(pc) (3215KB)(815)       Save
    This paper, based on Web of Science Database's 19852012 articles, uses VOS viewer and Sci2 to study by visualizing the REE research domains. REE knowledge basics are studied through references' quoted times, research advances through key words, and research trend through REE testing and assay. Chinese REE articles rank the top with Chinese Academy of Science contributing the most. References regarding REE knowledge basics are divided into three clusters, REE research advances into five clusters, luminescence materials, permanent magnetic materials, hydrogen storing materials, REE compounds and Chemical synthesis. REE research trend are marked by key words REE compounds and phosphors.
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    APPROACHES TO IMPROVING RESERVOIR I NVERSION ACCURACY: A CASE STUDY ON SHA'ER MEMBER OF CHENGBEI LOW STEP FAULT ZONE OF SOUTHERN QIKOU SAG
    Mao Lihua, Li Jun, Li Fengfeng.
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (4): 43-52.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.2016.04.016
    Abstract10555)      PDF(pc) (6058KB)(10877)       Save

    The Sha'er Member of Chengbei low step fault zone of southern Qikou Sag is braided river delta frontier sedimentation with thin reservoir and complicated sand bodies occurrence. To have a more precise description of sand bodies' dimension, this paper uses deterministic constrained sparse spike inversion and stochastic geostatistics to study the plan distribution of sand bodies, and applies high solution loggings to mark their vertical dimension by using optimized inversion parameters. Rock's properties are analyzed; gamma and sonic curve are used to reconstruct sonic curve. According to seismic data and sedimentary environment, multiple wavelet extraction and multiple fine calibration are used to recognize its sandmud structure. Appropriate variogram model is selected to simulate the spatial distribution of sand bodies. The inversion results combined with optimized parameters can increase the precision while reducing the uncertainty in predicting; it is an effective way in predicting the thin reservoir.

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    GROUND COALBED METHANE DEVELOPING POTENTIAL OF GUIZHOU'S BAIBU COALFIELD
    Liu Kaide
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (4): 53-59.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.2016.04.003
    Abstract10602)      PDF(pc) (1535KB)(10833)       Save

    This paper, based on Guizhou's Baibu coalfield's coalbed distribution, geology and resource, uses CBMSIM software to simulate the coalbed methane production capacity of the major coalbed, and analyzes its similarity with Guanzhai coalfield in reservoir and Guanzhai GZ01's ground coalbed methane test. Baibu coalfield owns many favorable conditions like many minable beds, high content of coalbed methane, high quality, good absorption, big resource and high concentration, but unfavorable in poor permeability, and lower pressure gradient. According to GZ01, Baibu may be of big production capacity where there are favorable geology and reservoir conditions. In general, Baibu coalfield is of good coalbed methane reservoir and geology, it is of potential to develop ground coalbed methane. This study offers technical supports and references for southwestern China in ground coalbed methane development and handling gas.

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    HEAVY OIL RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS AND RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF  GUANTAO FORMATION IN DU 84 BLOCK, SHUYI AREA, LIAOHE OIL FIELD
    Zhang Guo-lu
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (3): 43-50.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20160615.009
    Abstract7026)      PDF(pc) (9770KB)(9789)       Save
    This paper, based on drilling wells, logs and production data, compiles oil reservoir cross sections and oilbearing thickness map, determines the oilwater contact and oil concentration status, and remeasures the oilgas resource. Guantao oilbearing bed is a massive edge top water reservoir with partially bottom water, approximately in irregular oval or to round shape, thicker in the central, attenuate to the surrounding borders. The lithology has little influence on its distribution, with caprock missing and no unified oilgas interface. Rock composition and its structure changes lead to a decreasing physical property, which is the leading factor in sealing the oil reservoir. The safety limit to the water boundary is proposed to be 150m in allocating wells in accordance with actual steam stimulation wells, SAGD production wells and well temperature monitoring data.
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    MARINE ECONOMY VULNERABILITY AND ITS OBSTACLES OF ZHEJIANG COASTAL AREAS
    Su Fei, Wu Su-juan, Ying Rong-rong, et al
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (3): 51-58.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20160615.005
    Abstract6889)      PDF(pc) (1188KB)(9817)       Save
    This paper uses set pair analysis and obstacle degree to study the trend and leading factors of marine economic vulnerability in Zhejiang's coastal area during 2000-2013 with results showing a descending sensitivity with large fluctuation in the middle, rising trend of response, a decreasing marine economy vulnerability. Regression analysis shows the response ability is the leading factor to the marine economy vulnerability. Obstacle analysis indicates over developed oceanic resources, polluted oceanic environment, low oceanic science and technology, which are the main factors against the response ability. This paper presents approaches to reducing marine economy vulnerability of Zhejiang's coastal area, including altering the conventional marine development ways, rationally use marine resources, inputting on marine education and science and technology, and intensifying treating and protecting marine environment.
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    RESEARCH ON CHINA'S COAL INDUSTRY BASED ON SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX
    Zhou Xiao-dong,Sha Jing-hua,Zhong Shuai, et al
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (3): 59-66.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20160615.010
    Abstract6932)      PDF(pc) (1600KB)(9731)       Save

    This paper uses SAM to measure the multiple effect of coal supply change of coal area to other areas and other departments, which is decomposed via path analysis so as to identify the conducted basic path and compound path and key node departments. The main basic path is coalelectricity path, only limited inside the province. Changes in coal supply impact industrial sectors with multiple compound paths, such as coalchemicals path, coaloil path, coalmetallurgy path, etc. The major node departments include chemicals industry, metallurgy, nonmetallic mineral products, transportation, and warehousing. Reform of Chinas coal supply shall be focused on planning coalelectricity, differentiating coal uses, supporting technical innovation, establishing modern energy storage and transportation network, optimizing electricity transporting channels, differentiating coalrelated industries to reduce their impacts on macroscopic economy.

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    COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION AND PLANNING SUGGESTIONS FOR XINJIANG'S EASTERN TIANSHAN'S MINERAL RESOURCES
    Wang Chun-yan, Su Yong-jin
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (2): 36-43.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20160315.017
    Abstract13332)      PDF(pc) (1658KB)(12521)       Save
    In order to improve the minerals exploration and regional planning in eastern Tainshan area, this paper conducts a comprehensive evaluation on miningrelated environment, technology and economy. From exploration, development and mine environmental protection and economic benefits, this paper selects 20 indexes in six aspects, and applies hierarchy analysis to establish comprehensive evaluation index system, which is used to measure the 19 mining districts by means of fuzzy method. Quantitative measurement combined with experts'experience to rank the 19 mining districts. Based on their actuality, this paper presents suggestions in minerals exploration and planning in Xinjiang's eastern Tianshan area.
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    ACTUALITY OF AND APPROACHES TO LAOS'S POTASH RESOURCES
    Zhu Yan-zhe, Wu Jun, Yan Cheng-min
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (2): 44-47.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20160316.001
    Abstract10394)      PDF(pc) (1179KB)(12876)       Save
    Laos possesses abundant potash resources, which are mainly distributing along the Mekong river plain. The potash bed is hosted in the upper E1tg1-1, a marinesourced continental deposit. Chinese mining companies acquired KCl resource of 4 billion tons by exploration, with over 10 billion tons in inferred resource, also set up processing facilities for producing KCl with a capacity of 770kt/a, up to 7 150kt/a for future planning. Issues in Laos's potash exploration and development chiefly include large mining license area, over exploration, large KCl reserve, long term mining life, but the processing carnallite is not a mature technology. The large investment, high cost and long pay back and shortage of energy impact potash development. This paper presents suggestions in diminishing exploration investment, controlling development size, paying attentions on demandsupply, boosting potash processing technology, recovering Br, searching for sylvite deposit, exploring coal resources.
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    OUTLOOK FOR LITHIUM RESOURCE IN SEA SALT FIELDS
    Li Xiao-guang, Hou li-sheng, Li Zhi-dan, et al
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (2): 48-52.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20160315.014
    Abstract9599)      PDF(pc) (1279KB)(12843)       Save
    This paper selects two large sea salt producers in Bo Sea bay to study the Li content changes in their salt making processes with results showing that Li is enriching from sea water to final brine. LiCl becomes 97.27 mg/L and 138.15 mg/L in final brines in these two fields, reaching the cutoff grade of the brine Li. During producing sea salt, the crystallization of salts has a low absorption to Li+. According to China's sea salt production and Bo Sea Bay sampling data, Li metal is estimated to be 455.95t in final brines of China's all sea salt fields in 2013, equivalent to 2430.23t in Lithium Carbonate. Li content is high sea water in sea salt fields and tends to be concentrating in the final brine. Extracting Li technology is universal, which provides a prosperous outlook in extracting Li from sea salt field's brines. Extracting Li directly from sea water, if matures, is the future technology.
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    A CASE STUDY ON NANSHAN DISTRICT,SHENZHEN CITY: QUALITY EVALUATION ON EXPANSION EVOLUTION SPACE OF URBAN RESIDENTIAL LAND
    Li Quan, Fen Yi, Guo Yan-yan, et al
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (2): 53-60.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20160315.010
    Abstract10884)      PDF(pc) (5916KB)(16860)       Save
    This paper, based on the Shenzhen's Nanshan community, adopts land load variable, land use intensity variable, land use structure variable and land use benefits variable to study the expansion evolution of residential land, and uses hierarchy analysis to evaluate its quality, aiming at disclosing the spatial use of urban residential land and at providing references for allocating urban residential land and improving land use efficiency. During 2009-2012, Nanshan district's had a rapid expansion rate in residential land with a lower quality in its spatial evolution, forming “SongpingshanAnle” center and “University CityLiuxian” sub-center, quality value diminishing outward.
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    DISCUSSION ON DEVELOPMENT MODES OF SHALLOW GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES
    Zhao Fang-shu, Liu Zhan-ning
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (1): 32-36.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20151230.017
    Abstract7217)      PDF(pc) (1198KB)(19607)       Save
    Geothermal resources, as clean renewable energy, contribute a lot to saving energy and reducing emission by their development. This paper, aiming at the barricades in mechanism, capital, information and technology in developing shallow geothermal resources,presents suggestions from franchising like heating company, making guidelines in heating fee and offering supportive policies. Three investment operation modes, project overall contract mode, contract energy management mode, and distributed thermal management mode, are discussed from a perspective of operation. The results show that the small shallow geothermal projects fit project overall contract mode,the new communities or new development zones fit contract energy management mode and the governmentoriented, city level projects fit the third mode. Their development modes shall match their development scales.
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    WHOLE HYDRAULIC FRACTURING TECHNIQUE OF METAMORPHIC BURIED HILL RESERVOIR
    ZHANG Zi-ming
    Resources & Industries    2016, 18 (1): 37-42.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20151230.007
    Abstract7091)      PDF(pc) (1261KB)(19584)       Save
    S628 block which is a metamorphic buried hill reservoir with low or no oil recovery may gain commercial oilgas only after being fractured.Due to a deep buried depth, high pressure and developed fissure, it is difficult to fracture to fill sand.In order to reduce engineering risks and to increase oilgas recovery, this paper, based on reservoir evaluation before pressuring, production evaluation after pressuring, and fracturing parameters optimization, determines to use the whole hydraulic fracturing technique by combining similar fracturing experience. This technique, according to fissure length and residual conductivity under different permeability, selects hydraulic fracturing system, optimizes the pad liquid percentage, emission, frac sand filling size, determines the engineering parameters in accordance with the block features. Fifteen times of hydraulic fracturing were proceeded in S628 block with 100% success. 35 000 t oil was totally increased.
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    TECHNICAL RESEARCH ON UTILIZATION OF ACID AND ALKALINE TAILINGS OF PETROLEUM REFINERY INDUSTRY
    ZHANG Xing-lin, XU Dong-mei
    Resources & Industries    2015, 17 (6): 67-72.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20151126.015
    Abstract1213)      PDF(pc) (1446KB)(3727)       Save
    This paper, aiming at circular economy, deals with acid and alkaline tailings from petroleum refinery industry, uses acid tailings to neutralize alkaline tailings by using acidalkaline neutralization theory, which innovates the conventional processing technology of alkaline tailings of petroleum refinery industry, solves the technical problems of severe erosion, complicated technology, and high cost in sulphuric acid neutralization, and gains highlyvalued light oil, feedstuffuse sodium sulfate and crude carbolic, which represents the new idea of wastehandlewaste, reusing waste, and provides references for nontoxic utilization and recycling of acid and alkaline tailings of petroleum refinery industry.
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    ACTUALITY OF INDIA’S MINERAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND ITS REFERENCES
    CHEN Xi-feng, YE Jin-hua
    Resources & Industries    2015, 17 (6): 73-81.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20151126.016
    Abstract2780)      PDF(pc) (3346KB)(3893)       Save
    India’s fast economic growth leads to a rising demand for mineral resources by its abundance of mineral resources. India’s mineral resources development and supply will largely influence the global mining markets. This paper, based on India’s mineral resources feature, major mineral production, price and gross values, supply, and export & import trading, combined with India’s economic trend, discusses its future developing trend of mineral products, and points out India may stay on the top for demanding mineral resources in the next ten years. This paper presents references for China’s two kinds of resources and two markets lying in a rising competitiveness in mineral resource supply source between China and India. China shall adjust India’s mineral supply, i.e. bauxites, and diversity export sources to guarantee minerals demands. India is still of investing potential due to its low-level mineral development.
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    ADAPTABILITY ANALYSIS FOR COAL BED METHANE DEVELOPMENT METHODS IN LISHU COAL FIELD OF JIXI MINING FIELD
    ZHANG Dingliang
    Resources & Industries    2015, 17 (4): 39-43.  
    Abstract1288)      PDF(pc) (1977KB)(1142)       Save
    Based on the successful implementation of coal bed methane(CBM) exploration and development experiment in Lishu coal field of Jixi mining field, the paper studies adaptability of various development methods for CBM development in Lishu coal field, from terrain, geology, technology and economic benefits, aiming at offering references for commercially developing CBM. It is appropriate to select cluster wells, horizontal wells, Utype wells and pinnate horizontal wells in terrain, vertical wells and cluster wells in geology, and not horizontal wells, pinnate horizontal wells and Utype wells in technology, cluster wells in economic benefits. This paper concludes that cluster wells are the preferred method in developing CMB in Lishu coal field of Jixi mining field at a large scale.
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    PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ZHONGFANG COUNTY`S CONSTRUCTION MINERALS IN HUNAN PROVINCE
    LIU Min, ZHAO Jianguang, FU Qunhe, ZHONG Qianqian, WU Sheng, MENG Guoqiang
    Resources & Industries    2015, 17 (4): 44-47.  
    Abstract1215)      PDF(pc) (1203KB)(1154)       Save
    In order to develop and protect mineral resources and to promote mining economy and to protect mine geological environment, this paper analyzes Zhongfang countys and nearby citys urban development planning and trend, establishes a mathematic model of construction mineral demand based on social development, which is used to forecast the demand of construction minerals in Zhongfang county during the period of “the 13th fiveyearplan”, giving guideline in developing Zhongfang countys construction minerals. Cementusing limestone resource needs to be further guaranteed; sand, sandstone and quartzite can basically meet the market; but for other minerals such as lime dimension stone, shale, consolidation is needed to decrease mine quantity and undertake largescale production so as to avoid surplus in production capacity and wasting resource.
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