Table of Content

20 April 2015, Volume 17 Issue 2

Previous Issue    Next Issue

UTILITY OF NATURAL MINERAL PLACER

APPLICATION AND OUTLOOK OF HEAVY MINERALS

DONG Guochen, LI Jingchao, ZHANG Hong, WANG Weiqing, PAN Yanning

2015, 17(2):  1-7.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.012

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1295KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Heavy minerals survey as an economic prospecting had been widely applied during 1960 to 1980 with regional survey. It accumulated large quantity of data, which had been systematically processed in recent ten years during national mineral resource assessment project. This paper analyzes its issues and outlook of heavy minerals prospecting, concludes that heavy minerals and their combination indicate many kinds of metals deposits including gold and silver, black metal and partial nonmetallic minerals, determine the genesis of deposits, and look for possible magmatic intrusions. It also can be used to study regional petrology, structures, regional structural framework. This paper presents approaches to heavy minerals and data application.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERALS COMBINATION OF LAILISHAN TIN DEPOSIT IN WESTERN YUNNAN

Pan Yanning, Dong Guochen, Wang peng

2015, 17(2):  8-13.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.015

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3209KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Heavy minerals are commonly used to explain sediments, transportation, source and geochemistry. Cassiterite, stable as its chemical components, is seldom used as an indicator of tin deposit in western Yunnan tin zone, China's vital tin concentrating area. Heavy minerals combination of tin deposits can indicate the deposit types and genesis, helps locate the new discovery. Heavy minerals of Lailishan tin deposit are composed of zicon, apatite, epidote, rutile and anatase, commonly found in granites, and tourmaline, a specific tinbearing granite mineral, totally less than 3% in weight. In a short transportation, heavy minerals combination includes cassiterite, pyrite and magnetite, also associated with monazite, hematite and limonite. Large quantity of pyrites implies a cassiteritesulfides ore body rather than Greisen type.

ORE MINERALS ENRICHMENT RULES AND HEAVY MINERALS PROSPECTING MODEL OF XIANGGUANG MN-AG DEPOSIT

ZHANG Dak, ZHANG Lin, ZHANG Guifeng, ZHANG Surong, TIAN Fenyin

2015, 17(2):  14-21.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.005

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3062KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Heavy minerals survey is an effective prospecting. In practice, however, target minerals can not be enough acquired in samples due to their physical and chemical features. How to find deposits according to heavy minerals combination is notable during minerals resource survey. This paper, based on Mn and Ag bearing minerals'occurrence forms, enrichment rules and coexisting relation of Xiangguang Mn-Ag Deposit, establishes a heavy mineral comprehensive prospecting model for volcanic hydrothermal filling Mn-Ag deposits in the northern margin of North China Craton.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERALS OF CUOMOLONG TIN POLYMETALLIC DEPOSIT

HE Yang, XU Tao, WEN Hui

2015, 17(2):  22-27.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.013

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2553KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Cuomolong Tin polymetallic deposit is one of major nonferrous metallic deposits in the West Sichuan Plateau. Natural heavy placer mineral displays obvious distribution characteristics. Anomaly is characterized by large scale and high intensity, closely related to the Triassic Tumugou, Qugasi and Dang’en formation of ore source bed, adamellite, kfeldspar granite and biotite granite of tinbearing granites and orecontrolling structures, consistent with Sn, Pb, Zn, Ag geochemical anomaly and comprehensive geochemical anomaly, which is a good response to the tin deposit. Cassiterite, galena and cerussite as the typomorphic mineral combination, their combination anomaly can be used as an important predictive factor to delineating the smallest prospecting area. Heavy minerals anomaly is a vital indicator of tin prospecting and exploration in this area and its vicinity.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERAL ANOMALY TO THE EXPLORATION OF ZHONGTIAOSHAN COPPER DEPOSIT

XUE Shengsheng, ZHANG Shuangkui, ZHAO Nan, SHI Lei

2015, 17(2):  28-34.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.001

Asbtract ( )   PDF (5379KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

This paper, based on Shanxi’s 1∶200k heavy minerals survey,uses copper heavy minerals to introduce the lineation of heavy minerals combination anomaly. Zhongtiaoshan copper zone is composed of five copper anomalies, 2 Class I, 2 Class II and 1 Class III. Chencun town Class I anomaly is located in Laojundian high anomaly zone, where possesses Henglingguan, Tongkuangyu and Xumaogongdian copper deposits, also in a low and gentle minus magnetic anomaly with HuBi type, Henglingguan and Tongkuangyu deposits, consistent with chemical anomaly after Fractal processing. This anomaly shows a good indication for copper potential combined with the geology and offers the guideline for next work.

INDICATION OF GOLD HEAVY MINERALS ANOMALY OF NORTHEASTERN CHINA

WEI Shaogang,DONG Guochen, MO Xuanxue,DONG Meiling,JIA Liqiong,NIE Fie

2015, 17(2):  35-46.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.004

Asbtract ( )   PDF (4735KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

This paper, based on a statistic analysis of gold heavy minerals in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Laoning's typical gold deposits, presents their typical heavy mineral combination in porphyry, skarn, orogenic and hydrothermal gold deposits. Gold heavy minerals are widely spreading, mainly confined by terrain and streams, showing center zoning. Study area can be divided into 12 anomaly zones, most near hidden faults with highly relativity with gold deposits from natural gold, pyrite, cinnabar and scheelite. Gold heavy mineral combination varies with gold deposit types. Porphyry gold shows an combination of natural goldpyritecinnabarscheelitegalenachalcopyriteziconrutile, skarn gold shows natural goldpyritecinnabargarnetapatite, orogenic gold shows natural goldpyritecinnabarscheelitegalenachalcopyrite, hydrothermal gold shows natural goldpyritecinnabarscheelitegalena. Heavy minerals anomaly is an indicator of ore deposit, their combination is related to certain gold deposits.

FORMATION MECHANISM OF GOLD HEAVY MINERALS ANOMALY AND ITS INDICATION OF QINBA AREA

ZHANG Yinlong, WAN Xiaoming, ZHANG Min

2015, 17(2):  47-54.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.008

Asbtract ( )   PDF (4119KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Heavy mineral method is an ancient and effective prospecting method, it had been adopted since two thousand years ago. This paper based on Qinba’s primary gold deposits, placer gold deposits and gold heavy minerals data, analyzes goldbearing minerals, gold particle size, grade, and texture from placer gold deposit, primary gold deposit and gold heavy minerals, uses physical and chemical transportation, sedimentary mechanism to study the relation between flow speed and debris or natural gold particle size under water dynamics, formation, decomposition and sedimentary process of gold complex in oxidized environment or in chloride ion solution, and discusses the relation between gold minerals anomaly and gold deposits (goldbearing geological units), and classifies gold minerals anomaly types, providing references for predicting gold types.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERALS ANOMALY OF BEISHAN AREA, WEINING, NINGXIA

Wang Meifang

2015, 17(2):  55-59.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.002

Asbtract ( )   PDF (4015KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Weining’s Beishan area of Ningxia is an important polymetallic metallogenic belt. Over years, a geological survey work has found more than 30 gold, copper, iron occurrences, but no breakthrough due to poor work and complicated geology and structures. This paper, by using heavy minerals survey data of Ningxia Resources Potential Assessment Project, overlaps Beishan’s gold, copper and lead single minerals (or combination), combined with geochemical anomaly, regional geology, compiles Beishan Area heavy minerals anomaly map and discusses their indication for prospecting.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERAL ANOMALY：PROBABILITY OF CONGLOMERATE GOLD DEPOSIT IN SOUTHEASTERN JIAOLAI BASIN

ZHANG Surong,YANG Junquan,ZHANG Yingde,HE Fuqing,XIANG Zhenqun,NIE Renxiang

2015, 17(2):  60-63.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.007

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1427KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Conglomerate gold deposit is an important gold category. The occurrence form of gold vary its category, making finding gold possible according to the gold heavy minerals. This paper summarizes the distribution of gold heavy minerals in eastern Shandong, showing clustering and zoning anomalies, which are closely related to strata, intrusives and gold deposits (occurrences). A field investigation on Dianzi gold heavy mineral anomaly, Xiaoyuan, Jiaozhou city reveals the anomaly is connected to the Ducun formation goldbearing conglomerate, indicating conglomerate gold potentials in southerneastern Jiaolai basin in its Laiyang group conglomerate.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERALS OF OPHIOLITE CHROMITE DEPOSIT IN TIBET

DENG Wuzhong, CAO Zhenyu, TAN Jiangyun

2015, 17(2):  64-68.  DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20150324.011

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2194KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Heavy minerals prospecting is low cost but workable. Lots of clues and deposits (occurrences) were found through Tibet’s 1：200k heavy minerals survey, such as chromium, tungsten, tin, lead, zinc and molybdenum. Tibet’s chromites are chiefly hosted in the ultrabasic units of two ophiolite melange zones, one in south and one in north, in which heavy minerals anomalies are zoning, highly consistent with ultrabasic rocks and chromite deposits. The ultrabasic rocks contain large quantity of black chrome spinel, resistant to weathering, heavy, and stable, which is zoning as an outstanding prospecting. This paper discusses the prospecting direction in the two zones attempting to find new ultrabasic units or chromite resources.

Indication of heavy minerals anomaly in Xinjiang‘s Aixi gold deposit

Zheng Yujie， Chen Jianming, Chen Mingrong

2015, 17(2):  69-73. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2393KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Aixi gold deposit’s surrounding area possesses gold potential regarded one of vital gold forecasted areas. This paper, based on a study of its heavy minerals, reveals their distribution of heavy minerals anomaly, and highlights some indicative heavy minerals and determines their combination. This paper also discusses its response to gold mineralization in Aixi gold deposit and its surrounding area. Heavy minerals anomaly as a mark for deposit provides mineralogical basis for regional potential assessment and exploration.

PROCESSING FLOWCHART AND AUXILIARY TOOL DEVELOPMENT  OF HEAVY MINERALS DATA

YAN Xiang-jun, YANG Xiao-jun, ZHU Zhi-li, FENG Lei, WANG Xin-qing

2015, 17(2):  74-77. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3076KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

GIS is commonly used in processing heavy mineral data. This paper combined with professional data processing and GIS 2nd Development in information domain, presents an effective and fast data processing method that GeoTools developed in MapGIS can calculate in batch anomaly points, average, and maximum of heavy mineral anomaly, and help complete classification of anomalies. GeoTools had achieved good results in processing Qinghai and Shanxi’s heavy minerals data in rising efficiency and quality and accuracy, and can be processing data under MapGIS.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERALS ANOMALY OF DINGQING’S  CHROMITE DEPOSIT IN TIBET

SUI Zhen-long, DONG Guo-chen, DONG Liang-qiong, DENG Wu-zhong

2015, 17(2):  78-83. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2341KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Chromite heavy minerals and their combination have a good response to ultrabasic chromite deposits. There are many ophiolite belts holding ultrabasic rocks in the Tibetan plateau. It is worthwhile studying the indication of heavy minerals and their combination to chromite mineralization. This paper describes the anomaly distribution of chromite and its related mineral placers, summarizes their response extent to chromite mineralization around Dingqing of Tibet based on existing data, which would provide prospecting information to find the deposit. Research proves that the natural heavy placer combinations of ultrabasic chromite deposits are chromite and chromium spinel. Based on the heavy minerals survey, their anomalies in Dingqing area mainly distribute around the suture zone, closely related with ultrabasic rocks in genesis. Chromite high anomalies are highly response to chromite deposits (occurrences). These characteristics may provide indication for prospecting chromite ore deposits.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERALS ANOMALY OF KAISHANTUN  CHROMITE DEPOSIT IN JILIN

LI Ren-shi, YANG Fu-ding, XU Man

2015, 17(2):  84-89. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (4554KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Heavy minerals survey is a direct prospecting which can reveal clues to ore deposits. Kaishantun chromite deposit has a long mining history. This paper, based on a study on its typomorphic minerals related to basic to ultrabasic rocks, chromite, pyrite, natural gold and cinnabar by their anomaly spatial distribution and combination, combines with chemical prospecting to determine the heavy mineral anomaly and its indication, and establishes a heavy minerals prospecting model of Kaishantun chromite deposit.

STUDY ON NATURAL PLACER MINERAL PROSPECTING CRITERIA OF  TANGSHAN GOLD MINE IN JIANGSU

YANG Yong-biao, HUANG Shun-sheng, HUANG Jian-ping, WANG Ji-shun

2015, 17(2):  90-95. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2810KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Tangshan gold mine is the only independent, miniature fine disseminated gold deposit found in Jiangsu Province. Followed by 1∶〖KG-*2〗200000, 1∶〖KG-*2〗50000 database of natural placer mineral survey in Tangshan gold district, and combined with the assemblage characteristics of minerals in deposit, we chose limonite, pyrite, arsenic minerals (like realgar, orpiment and arsenopyrite), cinnabar, native silver, lead minerals (including natural lead, galena and cerussite), sphalerite, native gold, copper minerals (such as chalcopyrite, bornite, azurite and malachite), barite and so on as the major typomorphic minerals. Through ZSAPS2.0 software and GIS platform, this paper finally delineates natural placer mineral combinaton anomalies, and finds out that pyrite and limonite are the direct indicative minerals, and native gold, sphalerite, cinnabar, arsenopyrite, barite are the secondary indicative minerals of Tangshan gold mine. Considering prospecting signs, we establish Tangshan gold mine geologicalnatural placer prospecting criteria, which provides some reference for indepth evaluation of Tangshan gold prospecting potential.

CASSITERITE HEAVY MINERALS ANOMALY AND ITS RESPONSE TO MINERALIZATION IN LIANGHE AREA, WESTERN YUNNAN

WANG Wei-qing, DONG Guo-chen, MA Teng

2015, 17(2):  96-99. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1776KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Cassiterite heavy minerals are indicator for tin deposits. The heavy minerals data shows a mineral combination of cassiterite, tungsten, lead, pyrite and magnetite in work area, which is compared with ore minerals and heavy minerals of Lianghe’s typical deposits. Indication of heavy minerals to tin deposits is summarized by their well relativity. This paper analyzes the deposit genesis implied from heavy minerals combination that can be used to determine the mineralization types and temperature and to find out a workable exploration model. Heavy minerals anomaly zones which are outlined based on magma, strata, structure, terrain and streams provide references for next exploration.

INDICATION OF HEAVY MINERALS ANOMALY OF PULANG AREA  IN NORTHWESTERN YUNNAN

LI Bo, DONG Guo-cheng, ZHANG Hong, MA Teng, LI Xue-feng, ZENG Yang

2015, 17(2):  100-105. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (5067KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Heavy minerals and their combination contain lots of source lithological units and provide abundant information of ore source. Geological prospecting and studies are chiefly focused on gold, tungsten ant tin, but less on copper, lead and zinc, etc. This paper studies the CuPbZn deposits and their genesis, compares their heavy mineral types and distribution in Pulang area, and finds out the copper mineralization and indication of prospecting. The heavy minerals and their combination are clustering, their anomalies are responsive to copper deposits, reflecting copper mineralization model and metallization and revealing metallization information of genesis, which is of indication to regional mineral resources prospecting. 

PREDICATION AND PRELIMINARY PROSPECTING OF GANSU’S MINGSHUIHEIYINGSHAN METALLOGENIC ZONE BASED ON HEAVY MINERALS SURVEY

TONG Xiao-hua,ZHANG Hong, WANG Xu, ZHANG Ming-jin, SUN Jia-yu

2015, 17(2):  106-113. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2233KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Gansu’s MingshuiHeiyingshan area is a third class metallogenic belt with AuCuNiFe (WSn) mineralization potentials. This paper, based on the orehosting foundation, uses natural heavy mineral placer data to predict metallogenesis in Hersynian stage AuCuNiFe (WSn) mineralization of MingshuiHeiyingshan belt. According to the foundation distribution and geology, the belt is divided into 50 geological units for assignment values by natural heavy mineral placer data, which is integrated with number and scale of ore deposits or occurrences. Totally, 5 predicted areas of A class, 12 of B class and 16 of C class were obtained. Through comparison, it is found that the known deposits (occurrences) all located in both A and B class prediction area, which is in accordant with regional mineralization. This study provides usefully information for metallogenic evaluation and mineral exploration.

GOLD HEAVY MINERALS ANOMALY OF HUBEI PROVINCE

YAN Xiang-jun, ZHU Zhi-li, ZHENG Guo-quan, ZHANG Ye-hua

2015, 17(2):  114-121. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (5180KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

This paper studies the natural heavy minerals data of Hubei Province and the relationship between the anomalies and the regional gold deposits. By researching and dealing with natural heavy minerals data of 1∶〖KG-*2〗200k of Hubei Province, the author discusses the distribution of the gold minerals of natural heavy minerals of Hubei Province and the relationship between natural heavy minerals abnormal points and geological structures. According to mineral natural heavy minerals anomalies and geology and metallogenic background, this paper presents areas of attention for prospecting gold potential, ZhuxiBingying anomaly area south east, YaquelingSongzi anomaly area, XuanhuadianHekou gold anomaly area, Daqishan anomaly area, ShangbaheMeichuan anomaly area south east, TongchenFangshan anomaly area middle. Studying the application of natural heavy minerals results data can provides important information for geological prospecting and geological structure research on natural heavy concentrate.

RESOURCES STRATEGY

CONSIDERATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING STRATEGY OF PROSPECTING BREAKTHROUGH IN YUNNAN

JIANG Zheng

2015, 17(2):  122-128. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1169KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Geological prospecting to achieve milestones were defined in the Action Application Plan of Strategy of Prospecting Breakthrough in Yunnan Province including that, “geological prospecting should be made a significant progress in from now on three years, should be achieved a major breakthrough in the future five years, and should be remolded new patterns of geology and exploration and development of mineral resources for eight to ten years”. On the basis of the first stage of the Action Plan which have been terminated, this paper, based on Yunnans minerals resources, analyzes high risks, vast input, high profits, hightech, and longtime cycle of mineral resource exploration, integrating with achievements of prospecting in Yunnan in recent years. The global mining is falling, and exploration enters its ebb. Chinas geological and minerals survey turns into regional work. According to prospecting experiences and practice, this paper presents consideration and suggestions for Yunnan to reach twostaged objectives after breakthrough in prospecting strategy, aiming at fulfilling Yunnans prospecting strategy and supplying resources guarantee for Yunnans sustainable development of Yunnans mining sector as a pillar industry.

RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF MACROSCOPIC CONTROL POLICIES OF MINERAL RESOURCES

WU Wen-sheng, SHI Li-wei, ZHANG Ju-gang

2015, 17(2):  129-133. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1139KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

This paper presents the concept of microscopic analysis on macroscopic control policies of mineral resources, analyzes its necessity and details its approaches for different minerals, mineralization districts and mining stages. Control policies shall vary with commodities, resources, supply and demand, also with minerals in short, in rarity, and in rich. Controls on mining districts shall be differentiating key development zone, optimized zone, restrict zone and forbidden zone. Controls on development stages shall vary with exploration and mining.

RESOURCES ENVIRONMENT

LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF OILGAS RESOURCE INVESTMENT IN TURKMENISTAN

ZHAO Huan, WANG Li-yan

2015, 17(2):  134-139. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1492KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Turkmenistan has rich oil and gas resources and is an oilgas exporter. Since its independence in October 27, 1991, its political and economic pattern has been stable and relationship with China has been friendly, establishing cooperation with China in oilgas resources. This paper mainly expounds the relevant laws about ownership and management mechanism, exploration license, the contractor’s rights and obligations, signing and effect of oil operation contracts, oilgas mining tax, environmental protection. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the legal environment for investment in Turkmenistan’s oil and gas resources, and then summarizes the legal problems that should be paid attention by foreign investors about Turkmenistan’s cooperation in oil and gas resources, providing some law advices Chinese investors to oil and gas resource exploitation. 