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THEORY AND RESEARCH ADVANCES IN WHOLE INDUSTRIAL CHAIN OF STRATEGIC MINERAL RESOURCES AN Haizhong, LI Huajiao Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 8-14.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211221.007 Abstract （936）      PDF（pc） （1194KB）（1050）       Knowledge map    Save The world enters a new period of the fourth industrial revolution and the sixth technical revolution. The emerging new industries stimulate the demands of such mineral resources as lithium, cobalt, nickel and rare earth elements. To secure safe and sustainable development of strategic new industries, the major nations and economic units boost a guarantee of their strategic and key minerals, and issue a catalogue of strategic and key minerals appropriate for their situation. Mineral resources security refers to not only up-stream supply security, but also processing and transportation security. This paper, based on the latest policies and catalogues of China, USA, Europe and Japan, gives a summary from three aspects, namely the whole industrial chain definition of strategic mineral resources, research advances and research challenges. It also presents four frontier subjects for researching industrial chain of strategic mineral resources: whole industrial chain system margin and new content of resources security viewing from whole industrial chain, the complicated system construction of "trade-production-circulation" whole industrial chain, approaches to sustainable development of whole industrial chain of mineral resources with carbon peak and carbon neutrality objectives, and interactive mechanism among innovative chain, value chain, industrial chain, supply chain and capital chain. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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EVALUATION AND APPLICATION OF LAKE ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE BASED ON PSR MODEL DU Xiaorong, LIU Yuanhang Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 146-158.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.004 Abstract （91）      PDF（pc） （2193KB）（578）       Knowledge map    Save Since “Guidelines for Implementing Lake Chief System” was issued on 1/4/2018, this policy has not been well implemented, and neither the lake environment well governed. This paper, aiming at quantitatively evaluating lake environment governance performance, uses pressure-state-response (PSR) model to establish an index system to evaluate the lake environmental governance performance from environment, economy and society, and applies analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of indicators, and combines with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to evaluate Gaoyou lake's environmental governance performance, Tianchang city, Anhui province. The results show its performance has a total score at 0.529 8, at a “alarming” status, and its pollution emission, eutrophication and water quality control in tier 2 indicators have scores at 0.3, such a poor level indicating the three are the root causes. In tier 3 indicators, solid waste discharge intensity, water-soil erosion rate, population density, population urbanization level, comprehensive nutrition index, solid waste processing rate, key potable water sources quality qualification are below 0.5, suggesting a poor handling of solid wastes which leads to a larger water-soil erosion, a eutrophicating state and a unqualified water quality. This paper presents suggestions on controlling pollution at the source and water-soil erosion, focusing on eutrophication, setting up information controlling platform, promoting a coordinated development of population and environment, boosting a combination of lake performance results with responsibilities, and establishing a unified Gaoyou lake chiefs system to improve lake environmental governance performance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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TEMPORAL-SPATIAL IMBALANCE OF PROVINCIAL WATER USE EFFICIENCY DYNAMIC EVOLUTION AND DRIVES BASED ON GEOGRAPHIC DETECTOR ZHANG Hengquan, GU Qianwen, ZHANG Chenjun Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 81-93.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.012 Abstract （124）      PDF（pc） （5234KB）（464）       Knowledge map    Save China's water resources is characterized by heterogeneously spatial distribution, low use efficiency, and severe supply-demand conflict. This paper measures China's provincial water use efficiencies, and studies their temporal-spatial evolution and driving mechanism, providing reference for China to improve water use efficiencies, to boost ecological civilization construction and sustainable development. Super-efficiency SBM model is used to estimate China's 30 provinces' (cities) water use efficiencies from 2004 to 2019, and non-parameter kernel density is applied to illustrate their temporal-spatial evolution from two levels, nationwide and eastern, middle and western regions. Spatial visualization, spatial autocorrelation and cold-hot point are employed to depict their spatial pattern evolution from spatial differentiation and spatial correlation, and geographic detector is used to explore the temporal-spatial heterogeneity of drives and interactive mechanism among drives. The water use efficiencies show a falling trend in a fluctuated manner in the whole China and in eastern, central and western, with decreasing province counts of higher efficiencies, and increasing of lower, suggesting provincial efficiency variance has experienced an enlarging-diminishing evolution. China's water use efficiency shows a distributing pattern of eastern-middle-western, downwards, spatially, existing an outstanding positive spatial auto-correlation with a high-high and low-low clustering feature, and showing a “U-shaped” evolution of strong-weak-strong. From 2004 to 2019, China's water use efficiency displays an intensifying spatial differentiation with polarization of “eastern hot-western cold”, hot ranges shrinking then dispersing, and cold ranges shrinking then stabilizing. All drives largely vary with periods and regions. Q values of drives from 2004 to 2019 has been outstandingly increased with a diminishing variance. The major drives are becoming diversified, but economic level and urbanization level are always the key drives. After any drive is interacting with the other, the both will be increased, or in a non-linear increased, indicating that the two drives can jointly will intensify the spatial differentiation of water use efficiency. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON RARE EARTH INDUSTRY UPGRADING: REALISTIC DILEMMA, INFLUENCING FACTORS AND ALTERNATIVE PATHS ZHANG Lin, GE Jianping Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (2): 1-9.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220126.001 Abstract （298）      PDF（pc） （9196KB）（451）       Knowledge map    Save Facing great changes unseen in a century and intensifying global geo-economic political game, China's rare earth industry is in a critical period of transformation and upgrading. Solving the upgrading problem and choosing high-quality and efficient upgrade paths, requires further studies. Existing researches focus on the realistic predicament, the influencing factors and paths. Lacks discussion on the whole industrial chain including front-end mining and metallurgy, quantitative analysis methods, content of influencing factors and multi-chain cooperative upgrading. This paper presents the future research on the whole industrial chain, integrating qualitative research and quantitative research methods, mechanism and cooperative path of multiple chains． Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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GREEN DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENT AND FACTORS OF YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE UNDER PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON EMISSION MA Jun, WU Linling, LU Yuqin Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 71-80.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.010 Abstract （187）      PDF（pc） （2844KB）（400）       Knowledge map    Save Green development, an effective approach to coordinating ecological protection, promoting economic development and reducing carbon emission, is becoming an objective of global sustainable development and human's development focus. China's economy is entering a quality developing status under a rising resources and environmental pressures. Cities are centers for modern economic growth that makes green efficiency an unavoidable way in urban transformation. This paper uses super-efficiency undesired SBM model  to measure the green development  efficiency of 11 Yangtze River economic zone provinces (cities) and their temporal-spatial evolution, compared with their green developing efficiencies without consideration of carbon emission, and applies decision making trail and evaluation laboratory technology (DEMATEL) to identify the key factors. Carbon emission in Yangtze River economic zone has been rising over years, impacting the green developing efficiency. The green developing efficiency has fallen largely in the down-stream of Yangtze River under the environmental constraints. Yangtze River economic zone shows a rising green developing efficiency, varying with regions, down-, upper- and middle-stream downwards. Factors such as industrial structure, research input, openness, environmental regulations and vegetation coverage rate positively play an outstanding role in green developing efficiency under perspective of carbon emission. A low green developing efficiency lies in over resource consumption and over pollution emission. Environmentally, carbon emission is becoming a hard point for increasing green developing efficiency amid urban development. This paper presents suggestions on improving ecological environment and reaching carbon neutralization to ensure a higher resource utilization and a stronger environmental protection, helpful in building Yangtze River delta as a green integrated developing demonstration.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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IMPACTS OF GOVERNMENTAL SUBSIDIARY ON COMPANIES' INNOVATIVE PERFORMANCE IN NEW ENERGY SECTOR XIAO Yu, LU Yuyang Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 126-133.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.002 Abstract （156）      PDF（pc） （1097KB）（398）       Knowledge map    Save Innovation and green concepts are important in “the 14th  Five-Year Plan”. Governmental subsidiary as a vital policy tool in supporting enterpries' R&D can stimulate companies to boost research inputs and increase their innovative motivation. To explore how governmental subsidiary impacts the innovative performance of new energy companies, R&D investment are used as medium variables. This paper selects 106 state-owned and no-state-owned new energy companies listed in 2015 to 2019 CSMAR database and Wind database which have high-research-inputs and low-short-term-return in new strategic industries. Explained variable as companies' innovative performance, explaining variable as governmental subsidiary, adjusting variable as property ownership, medium variable as research input intensity. Governmental subsidiary on new energy sector is used to check the impacts of its on companies' innovative performance through research input intensity as medium effect and companies' property ownership as adjustment. Results show a positive relation between governmental subsidiary and new energy sector's innovative performance, a medium effect of research input intensity between the both largely varying with companies' property ownerships. Under the marketing economy, governmental subsidiary is a direct stimulus ensuring new energy company to survive and develop. This paper suggests governments supply financial and taxation policies. However, some companies unlawfully use this subsidiary on non-research input, which needs to be regulated after companies are granted the subsidiary. Compared with state-owned companies, non-state-owned obtain less resource with a weaker ability to resist market risks. This paper suggests governments support non-state-owned more to urge them to produce a higher performance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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CARBON SINK POTENTIAL OF BEIJING'S FOREST UNDER CARBON PEAK AND CARBON NEUTRALITY ZHANG Ying, LI Xiaoge Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 15-25.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20210907.001 Abstract （674）      PDF（pc） （1901KB）（394）       Knowledge map    Save This paper estimates the carbon stock and values of Beijing's forest resources, and forecasts forest carbon stock and carbon sink potential, and provides references for Beijing national forest city construction, realization of carbon neutrality goal. This paper, based on Beijing's forest survey data from 1973 to 2018, uses forest volume method to estimate the total carbon storage and changes of Beijing's forest resources, measures the carbon storage and value of different forest types, and applies GM(1, 1) grey model and power function model to forecast the carbon sink potential of Beijing's forest resources. Beijing's unit forest stock volume has been 29.98 m3/hm2 over four decades, far below the nation's average of 73.56 m3/hm2, leaving room for increment. The total carbon storage increases to 34 765.1 kt from 5 718.0 kt with a yearly rising rate 691.6 kt, of which forest carbon storage increases to 11 577.5 kt from 1 018.8 kt with a yearly rising rate 251.4 kt. Forest carbon  density increases to 16.12 t/hm2 from 5.09 t/hm2, far below the nation's average of 41.50 t/hm2. Forest carbon storage value increases to 1 430.886 1 million Yuan in 2018 from 67.066 6 million Yuan in 1976 by a yearly rising rate 32.471 9 million Yuan, amounting to a compound yearly rising rate 7.56%, of which artificial forest carbon storage value has a yearly rising rate 13.70%. Beijing's forest carbon storage is forecasted to be 22 556.9 kt by GM(1, 1), carbon sink to 915 kt/a from 2018 to 2030, forest stock volume to 47 488.3 km3 in 2030. Forest storage is forecasted to be 29 318.2 kt in 2030 by power function,  carbon sink to 1 478.4 kt/a from 2018 to 2030, forest stock volume to 61 722.6 km3 in 2030, and forest coverage to 61.77%.  Forecast results indicate that Beijing's forest city planning objectives, carbon peak and carbon neutrality can be realized. This paper concludes that Beijing's forest storage and value have increased since 1976 based on forest biomass and stock volume changes without considering economic and political factors. Beijing has a big forest carbon sink potential which may largely contribute to Beijing's carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCH ON THE CARRYING CAPACITY OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN COUNTY BASED ON ECOLOGICAL SECURITY: TAKING ANREN COUNTY, THE MAIN PRODUCING AREA OF NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AS AN EXAMPLE ZENG Rong, ZHANG Xiaohong, FENG Zhaohua Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 148-159.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211229.001 Abstract （143）      PDF（pc） （4245KB）（385）       Knowledge map    Save The evaluation of the carrying capacity of agricultural resources and environment is the basic work for the preparation of land spatial planning. Research on the carrying capacity of agricultural resources and environment can not only maintain agricultural ecological security, determine the pattern of agricultural production, but also explore the balance between economic and social development and resource environmental protection, thereby improve land administrative ability. This paper takes Anren county, Chenzhou city, Hunan province, the main production area of national agricultural products as the research object,  evaluates the carrying capacity of agricultural resources and environment of the county, conducts research on agricultural development potential, risk identification, and agricultural space demarcation. According to research, Anren county possesses abundant agricultural resources, has land area up to 63 705.49 hm2 with agricultural resources environmental carrying capacity at or above tier III, 43.57% of the total land area. It also has a land area of 18 678.51 hm2 with agricultural developing potential, 12.77% of the total land area. Anren county belongs to hilly terrain of southern China, with abundant water and land resources, good environments and high agricultural developing potential, but its agricultural development is largely limited by ecology with certain ecological risks and conflicts during farmland protection and agricultural structural adjustment. According to the investigation and analysis, the conflicted land area is 7 105.15 hm2, 4.86% of the total land area. The agricultural space is identified according to the spatial pattern characteristics of resources and environment carrying capacity. The agricultural space land area of Anren county is 49 616.65 hm2, accounting for 33.93% of the total area of the county, and it is clear that the county belongs to the spatial pattern of agricultural development of "two basins and one corridor".This provides a scientific basis for locking the target area of comprehensive agricultural management and improving the capacity of land spatial management. The grade of the carrying capacity of agricultural resources and environment is affected by the importance of ecological protection, land resources, water resources, natural disasters and other factors. In Anren county, there are many overlapping areas of current cultivated land, permanent basic farmland, reserve resources of cultivated land and extremely important and sensitive areas of ecological protection, and there are a lot of agricultural lands such as planting gardens and breeding ponds in areas with low carrying capacity.Paying attention to the problems in the protection of cultivated land in mountainous and hilly areas, adapting measures to local conditions and making good use of land with various levels of agricultural resources environmental carrying capacity is of great significance to effectively resolving the ecological risks in the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A CASE STUDY ON YANGTZE RIVER DELTA: ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION AND MACROSCOPIC ECONOMIC EFFECTS BASED ON CGE MODEL LOU Wensheng, TIAN Guiliang Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 134-145.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.003 Abstract （117）      PDF（pc） （2783KB）（370）       Knowledge map    Save During the long term practice of Yangtze River delta development, how to balance eco-environmental protection and economic development is a key topic for its high-quality integration. The current study has largely explored the environmental governance and ecological compensation, but quantitatively lacks of determination of ecological compensation standards, macroscopic economic effects of ecological governance. This paper, based on the traditional CGE model, introduces ecological resource into economic system as a productive element, and regards ecological environment as an independent unit with emphasizing the value contribution of ecological system in the social economy activities. Green social accounting matrix (SAM) is established on the basis of ecology element, and macroscopic CGE model is built according to ecology element input and ecological system account. This paper uses Yangtze River delta data to correct the ecological values accounting pricing system, a quantitative tool in marking its ecological servicing values in Yangtze River delta. SAM is employed to study the impacts of ecological compensation at different levels on macroscopic economy form GDP, residents' income, companies' income, governmental income and residents' consumption levels. The results show that increment of four scenarios, value-added taxation rate, transfer payment rate of residents to eco-environment, and that of companies to eco-environment, and that of governments to eco-environment can increase ecological compensation, but the aftermath varies if at the sample increment by means of different approaches. Taking increment at 30% as an example, transfer payment rate of governments to eco-environment largely improves the ecological compensation level with an increment by 10.01%, on the top among the four scenarios, followed by transfer payment rates of companies to eco-environment and residents to eco-environment, with increment by 2.77% and 1.01%, respectively. And the last one is increment of value-added taxation rate, only by 0.77%. Compared with other policy tools, increment of value-added tax will largely impact GDP and residents' welfare level. GDP will drop by 0.002 5% and residents' welfare level will drop by 0.002 7% if vale-added tax is increased by 30%. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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RISK ASSESSMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCES INVESTMENT IN “THE BELT AND ROAD” NATIONS UNDER ANTI-GLOBALIZATION SUN Minghao, LIAO Qiumin Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 169-180.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.001 Abstract （154）      PDF（pc） （1131KB）（347）       Knowledge map    Save Cooperation with “the Belt and Road” nation in developing their mineral resources can compensate China's mineral supply, but uncertainty exists with potential risks under the current anti-globalization. This paper, aiming at assess the risks, establishes a risk assessment index system of overseas mineral resources investment in “the Belt and Road” nations from political risks, economic risks, natural environmental risks, mining risks and anti-globalization risks. Indictor weights are given via entropy, and Topsis comprehensive assessment model is used to evaluate mineral resources investment risks in 18 “the Belt and Road” nations which have abundant mineral resources during 2009 to 2020, with risks classified in “the Belt and Road” nations during 2021 to 2025 according to GM(1, 1) model. The results show: 1) Mining investment risks are mainly derived from resources mining and natural environment, but anti-globalization risk can not be ignored; 2) Nations with medium to low risks develop to a low risk status, and those with high to medium risks develop to medium risk status. Generally nations' risks in “the Belt and Road” are decreasing as “the Belt and Road” initiative advances; 3) Among 18 nations in “the Belt and Road” in 2021 to 2025, investment risk is low in Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Russia, Thailand, Laos and Cambodia, medium in Turkey, India, Argentina, Ukraine, Mongolia and Indonesia, and high in Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Philippines, Kyrgyzstan and Poland. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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URBAN SPATIAL NETWORK STRUCTURE FROM PERSPECTIVE OF “FLOW SPACE” IN CHENGDU-CHONGQING (CHENG-YU) DUAL CITY ECONOMIC CIRCLE WANG Ziyou, PAN Yuhong Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 103-112.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220520.002 Abstract （199）      PDF（pc） （4668KB）（341）       Knowledge map    Save Regional coordinated development has become an internal need to establish a high-quality land spatial planning and to resolve imbalanced issues with urban clusters as the core economic circle. To realize regional integration of Cheng-Yu dual city economic circle and multiple-hierarchy coordinated development, this paper combines the four circulating productive resources, population flow, information flow, technical flow and economic flow, with urban spatial structure, and applies social network analysis method to analyze the spatial network structure of Cheng-Yu dual city economic circle from points, lines and planes. Inside the circle, Chengdu and Chongqing are two dual cores. Regional interaction shows a better internal urban centrality. Core cities' do not exert their radiation role on their vicinity. High asymmetry exists inside the city linkage of economic circle, with the exception of Cheng-Yu axis having a symmetrical linkage, leaving urban connection to be improved. Outskirt cities of economic circle have a weak connection with outside. There is locally clustering with variable connection within the region. The global city clustering pattern has not yet formed, with no enough trans-provincial or transregional connection. West of Cheng-Yu dual city economic circle is along Chengdu as the major developing center. In order to construct an integrated Cheng-Yu dual city economic circle and a multiple-hierarchy coordinated development pattern, this paper presents suggestions on setting up a shared transregional cooperation, intensifying the central developing drives, increasing the absorbing resources capacity of outskirt cities, focusing on the transportation construction and information integration inside the circle, boosting the leading roles of core cities, and promoting technical exchanges and economic integration among cities. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Governmental allowance, enterprise ESG and green innovation JIANG Rongmei, CHEN Guisong Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (6): 90-102.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20221024.003 Abstract （649）      PDF（pc） （1240KB）（336）       Knowledge map    Save In order to construct a green innovative system oriented by governments, operated by enterprises and public involved, all levels of governments issue series of supportive policies via governmental allowance in powering green innovation. It has been an important research topic to study the impacts of governmental allowance on green innovation, and to maintain it as a long-term drive. This paper clarifies the relation between governmental allowance and green innovation, selects 864 Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2016 to 2020 as the research sample, uses “resources-ability-action” model to incorporate the enterprise’s ESG performance into the analysis framework of governmental allowance and green innovation, explore the impacting mechanism of governmental allowance on green innovation from the perspective of enterprise’s ESG performance, verified by fixed effect model. The results show that governmental allowance have a significant positive impact on green innovation and can directly promote the green innovation of enterprises. Governmental allowance also plays an outstandingly positive role on enterprises’ ESG, encouraging enterprises to care about environmental protection,  to fulfil social responsibilities and to increase governance performance. Enterprises’ ESG plays a partial intermediary role between governmental allowance and green innovation. Governmental allowance can impact enterprises’ green innovation through their ESG in environmental responsibilities and governance performance, but enterprises’ social responsibilities do not play a media role between governmental allowance and green innovation. Compared with a lower ESG level, governmental allowance plays a stronger role in enterprises’ green innovation under a higher ESG level. Governments shall manoeuver allowance to reach a high-quality green development, which requires governments enlarge allowance in an appropriate way to improve ESG. Use of such allowance shall be under strict supervision through a sound ESG evaluation system. Governmental allowance is suggested to be differentiated based on enterprises’ ESG levels to increase the use efficiency of governmental allowance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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SPATIAL OVERFLOWING EFFECT OF HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ON WATER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: A CASE STUDY ON YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT SONG Min, ZHANG Yuanyuan Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 107-114.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211221.009 Abstract （200）      PDF（pc） （1369KB）（331）       Knowledge map    Save This paper studies the current water pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt temporally and spatially, explores the impacts of heterogeneous environmental regulations on water environmental pollution and provides references for promoting appropriate use of water resources and green development. Based on eleven provinces' panel data from 2009 to 2019, this paper studies the temporal-spatial features of water environmental pollution, and uses Moran's Index to analyze its spatial auto-correlation, and applies spatial Dobbin model to elaborate the spatial overflowing effect of heterogeneous environmental regulations. The results show that water environmental pollution discharge is rising, faster in the upper-reach, slower in the middle- and down-reach under certain controls. The water environmental pollution is of clear spatial distribution showing a decreasing trend from down-reach to upper-reach. Command-controlling regulations can obviously restrain water environmental pollution discharge, especially under the economic matrix; however, market-stimulated environmental regulations do the contrast, and public-volunteer environmental regulations do little. Command-controlling environmental regulations have a negative spatial overflowing effect on water environmental pollution of neighboring provinces/cities; market-stimulated environmental regulations do less, and public-volunteer environmental regulations do little, which means public involvement should be intensified. It concludes that the Yangtze River Economic Belt is still not good in water environmental pollution, which needs further controls. Although command-controlling regulations are the best means to curb water environmental pollution, public involvement shall also be taken into consideration. Appropriate approaches vary with areas. This paper presents suggestions on cultivating space awareness and boosting collaborative controls. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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IMPACTS OF WATER RESOURCE TAX REFORM ON INDUSTRIAL WATER USE EFFICIENCY INWATER SHORTAGE AREAS TIAN Guiliang, GAO Tingyan Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 43-52.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.008 Abstract （155）      PDF（pc） （1113KB）（331）       Knowledge map    Save Nation's water resource fee-to-tax reform is a vital policy in saving water resources and in pushing sustainable development, which has reached a large achievement in increasing water use efficiency generally, verified by many scholars. As an important growth pole of China's economic development, Industry is also the main sector of water demand. But if has the industrial water use efficiency been also increased? Given that China had not carried out this reform, this paper uses GM(1, 1) model to estimate the industrial water use efficiency after water resource fee-to-tax reform, and analyzes the impacts of water resource tax reform policy on industrial water use efficiency. Impacting factors such as water resource occurrences, technical advances, environmental regulations, water use structure, social and industrial developing sizes are selected for a multiple linear regression analysis which reveals that water resource fee-to-tax reform effectively increases the industrial water use efficiency, decreases industrial-value-added water use per 10k RMB. As such reform goes on, it will more be productive. Technical advances largely promote the industrial water use efficiency, belonging to companies' and governmental expenditure under governmental intervention. Water resource tax reform can have microscopic economic units improve technologies so as to increase industrial water use efficiency, to reduce overall industrial water use and to mitigate the pressures of water shortage. This paper suggests on saving water as a priority, boosting inputs on research, promoting water-saving devices and approaches, fastening companies' transformation and upgrading, improving water resource tax reform mechanism under a coalition of governments and markets. This study presents references for the nationwide implementation of water resource tax reform. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCH OVERVIEW AND OUTLOOK OF WATER-ENERGY-FOOD NEXUS DING Tonghui, CHEN Junfei Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (2): 19-29.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20210812.001 Abstract （557）      PDF（pc） （9445KB）（327）       Knowledge map    Save Water resource, energy and food are vital for human, and their tie (WEF-Nexus) is mutual, interactive, sensitive and vulnerable, so WEF-Nexus is one of popular research topics. This paper overviews the research advances and provides references from concepts, theories and models. There is no theory that is widely accepted. Theories chiefly include systematology, method theory and co-integration theory. The models include tie-specific models and general models, research tools have two, quantitative and qualitative. Research advances are summarized based on co-integration, security, risks and optimization with results showing a subjective WEF-Nexus co-integration index. Its security tie is focused on security assessment, lacks security controls. No references are found on WEF-Nexus risk determination and alerting. It is difficult to construct an optimized WEF system model due to the complexity of WEF coupling system; the related references are mainly on regional or stream WEF systems, few on cities or families. This paper presents outlooks for future study, including green co-integrated development theory, interactive and evolutionary mechanism, data-based comprehensive decision platform and risks determination and alerting. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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LITERATURE REVIEW OF DEFINITION, DILEMMA AND PATH TO QUALITY TRANSFORMATION OF CHINA'S RESOURCE-BASED CITIES YANG Hongbo, WANG Ruyi, PENG Min, WANG Jiashan Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (2): 10-18.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20210622.003 Abstract （461）      PDF（pc） （8688KB）（325）       Knowledge map    Save Resource-based cities need an ecological quality developing way. This paper, in terms of CNKI's 2011 to 2020 Chinese references, uses CiteSpace to study the changes of hot research points regarding China's resource-based cities' quality development by means of visualized key word frequency with results showing "transformation", "upgrading" and "sustainable development" are the top key words, suggesting a shift in hot research points from sustainably long-term mechanism, low-carbon transformation path and modes, eco-transforming efficiency evaluation to green development. As quality development and new conception is heading its way, quality development catches much attention after 2017. This paper defines the connotation of resource-based cities' quality development from green, coordination, smart and livelihoods with objectives to ecological transformation, innovative development, smart ways and improving livelihoods. Economic quality is used to measure the urban transforming capacity. Innovative pathways to quality transformation in resource-based cities are presented from resource environment, technology, regional coordination and livelihoods. This paper concludes that construction of specific and oriented measurement will be the future research hot topics, ecological development and smart transformation is the direction. New information technology will reform the industries, ecology, management and capital supports. Smart ecological construction helps create breakthrough in resources environment, technology, regional coordination and livelihoods, favorable for resource-based cities getting out of dilemma and heading for a quality development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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CARBON EMISSION FEATURES AND PEAK PREDICTION IN JIANGSU PROVINCE GAO Shan, CAO Mingxia, LI Dan Resources & Industries    2023, 25 (3): 1-9.   DOI: 10.13776j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20230509.001 Abstract （231）      PDF（pc） （1502KB）（323）       Knowledge map    Save Carbon emission estimation and peak planning are effective local attempts to materialize nation ‘s “dual-carbon” objective. This paper, based on the connection between carbon emission estimation and carbon peaking forecast,estimates Jiangsu ‘s carbon emission from energy consumption, industrial and agricultural production and waste disposal,overviews the phased features of regional carbon emission, energy use and industrial structures, and uses Kaya formula to set up key factors,which are employed to forecast the developing potential of population, economic growth and energy structures. Carbon reduction paths and carbon peaking plans are designed under low, middle and high carbon peaking scenarios. Jiangsu ‘s carbon emission from 2005 to 2019 shows a fluctuated increment at a gentle speed, and increases by 1.11 times, mainly contributed by high-carbon energy and industrial structures, up to 90% from energy consumption and industrial production, along with rice planting and solid waste incineration. Future carbon emission is closely related to population, economic growth, energy intensity, energy structure. Among three carbon peaking scenarios from 2020 to 2030, Jingsu ‘s carbon emission will peak at 1.026 billion tons in 2027 in low constraint plan, three years earlier than in middle and high constraint plans with extra reduction of 0.054 and 0.112 billion tons respectively. Low constraint plan is consistent with international rules, favorable for achieving carbon reduction and carbon neutralization. This paper suggests controlling carbon increment scale, promoting implementation of low constraint plan, focusing on clean replacement of renewable energy and low carbon technical applications of manufacturing, transportation, construction and agriculture while maintaining economic stability. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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RELATION BETWEEN CHINESE GLOBAL GEOPARK MANAGEMENT AND COUNTYWIDE SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT MA Junjie, ZHANG Jianping, LIU Xiaohong, et al Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 1-7.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220221.001 Abstract （202）      PDF（pc） （1313KB）（319）       Knowledge map    Save This paper, based on the statistical analysis of economic and social development of the counties where 41 Chinese global geoparks are located, aims at the issues in the development of Chinese global geoparks, draws on the development concept of global geoparks, and presents suggestion for sustainable economic development of the counties. It concludes that the counties have largely improved in fiscal revenue, total retail sales of consumer goods, and three industrial structural optimization in the three years after they have global geoparks. This paper suggests that China intensify database construction of population, resources, ecological environment, economy and social development, history and culture. China shall use “Statutes of international geoscience and geoparks programme” and “Operational guidelines for UNESCO global geoparks” to manage and develop Chinese global geoparks, boost the internal communication among Chinese global geoparks network, explore the management mode and development path of global geoparks with Chinese characteristics, integrate geological parks construction and development with “Two Mountains” theory and green development concept to jointly promote sustainable economic development of the counties where geoparks are located. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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WUHAN'S INDUSTRIAL SPATIAL PATTERN BASED ON POI DATA CHEN Cuifang, CHEN Xiaoli Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 86-95.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211221.004 Abstract （281）      PDF（pc） （6415KB）（318）       Knowledge map    Save his paper analyzes the spatially differentiated agglomeration of Wuhan's industries and marks Wuhan's industrial zoning structure so as to  provide references for Wuhan's industrial structural optimization and sustainable development. POI data is used for industrial classification. ArcGIS is applied to study Wuhan's industrial agglomerating features with its spatial core density method. Standard variance eclipse is used to estimate industrial center and development direction. Industrial spatial pattern is used to mark Wuhan's industrial zoning structure. Wuhan's agriculture and forestry show an agglomerating trend of "two cores, multiple points"; mining shows a massive with multiple points agglomerating trend in Huangpi and Jiangxia districts; other industries show "downtown core, rural multiple points" agglomerating trend, with subcenter of the third industry being around the new town. Industrial development is NE-SW oriented, of which the manufacturing, construction and the third industry are outbound along Yangtze River in the downtown areas. Wuhan's industrial development is of typical zonation. The outer zone is composed of the first industry and mining; the middle zone is composed of the 2nd industry(except mining), public administration, social security, social organization, education, information transmission, software and information technology service; and the inner zone is composed of medical, water, environment and public service. Wuhan may rely on land and air transportation centers and technical advantages in the future, and lead industries to NE-SW as clusters in a pattern of "one core, multiple points, three zones" with the core of high-quality servicing, the middle zone of modern specific servicing and advanced manufacturing, the outer zone of rural new industries. This paper presents suggestions on keeping optimizing industrial structure and pushing high-quality industrial development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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THE EVOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SPATIAL LAYOUT OF CHINA'S REGIONAL ECONOMY AND INDUSTRY CHEN Chen Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 136-147.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211227.001 Abstract （266）      PDF（pc） （1503KB）（288）       Knowledge map    Save  Analyze the characteristics of China's regional economic spatial distribution and the driving effect of changes in industrial spatial layout on the overall economy, and then propose macro-policy recommendations for the coordinated and balanced development of the North-South,  East-West regions. By the center of gravity theory, using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and grey correlation degree analysis method, from the perspective of multi-scale periodic fluctuation based on time series, this paper focuses on the change characteristics of China's regional economic gravity center from 1952 to 2014 and its correlation with the movement of industrial gravity center. It is found that the change of economic gravity center is compounded of near-9 a, near-20 a and near-50 a's periodic fluctuations and tendency. Latitude is mainly determined by long period factors (variance contribution rate 63.76%) and inherent trend, while longitude is mainly determined by short period factors (variance contribution rate 75.98%) and inherent trend.In latitude, the relevance between the primary industry and the economy is gradually weakened, the relevance between the secondary industry and the economy keeps stable and strong, the relevance between the tertiary industry and the economy becomes enhancement. In longitude, the movement of the three industries' gravity centers can affect the fluctuation of economic gravity center, the correlation between gravity center of the tertiary industry and the economic gravity center is gradually increasing. Separating the periodic fluctuation factors, the moving trend of the economic gravity center is to south and west. Restricted by natural and social conditions, the movement to  south and east is subject to a large pull. There are differences in the actual movement and inherent trend of economic gravity center, which shows the imbalance of regional economic spatial layout. The balance of the spatial layout of the national economy not only needs the adjustment of policies and strategies, but also needs to follow the market forces and comparative advantages to optimize the regional industrial structure. The difference between the North and the South mainly lies in the degree of market development and the speed of industrial upgrading. The North should follow the law of industrial succession, improve the degree of marketization, and accelerate the development of the tertiary industry in line with the factor structure and comparative advantage. The gap between the East and the West mainly lies in the location advantage and agglomeration effect. The West needs to improve the regional infrastructure construction, and improve the quality of social security services for different levels of labor force, undertake the industries in line with the regional comparative advantage transferred from the East,  realize the benign interaction between the industries and factors in the East and the West. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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TEMPORAL-SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND EMISSION REDUCTION STRATEGY OF JIANGSU'S INDUSTRIAL CARBON EMISSION LU Jiaqin, GAN Xinhua Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 150-156.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220401.001 Abstract （167）      PDF（pc） （3757KB）（286）       Knowledge map    Save Temporal-spatial distribution of industrial carbon emission is key to making carbon emission strategy and to promoting industrial low carbon transformation. This paper, according to Jiangsu's 2010 to 2019 industrial coal, coking coal, natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil and fuel oil data, uses carbon emission coefficient to estimate industrial carbon emission in Jiangsu's thirteen prefectures, and applies ArcGIS to draw the temporal-spatial distribution map. Spatial auto-correlation method is used to calculate the overall Moran's index of industrial carbon emission by means of Geoda software with LISA clustering map worked out. Spatial core model is used to map carbon emission core migration tracks from 2010 to 2019.Finally, this paper presents suggestions on carbon reduction. The results show a stably decreasing industrial carbon emission over the decade in Jiangsu province, obviously in unit industrial GDP, suggesting a good achievement in carbon reduction. However, industrial carbon emission varies with regions, majorities with relatively high and low emissions, and high in the south and low in the north. Each prefecture should make differentiated carbon reduction measures to avoid rigidly uniform, with emphasis on southern Jiangsu. The spatial distribution of Jiangsu's carbon emission is of outstandingly positive spatial correlation showing high-high clustering in the south and lowlow clustering in the north (except Xuzhou city), but not conspicuous in most cities. Carbon emission core has little changes, always within Yangzhou city, verifying that Jiangsu's carbon emission is still south-high-north-low. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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GREEN EFFICIENCY OF INDUSTRIAL WATER RESOURCE IN YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE BASED ON WATER FOOTPRINT AND SBM-MALMQUIST MODEL WANG Baoqian, LI Xinran Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 21-31.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.015 Abstract （135）      PDF（pc） （1855KB）（277）       Knowledge map    Save China is one of countries which have a surging water supply-demand conflict. Water resource as a necessity for human's survival and economy has always been over used. This paper studies the green efficiency of industrial water resources in Yangtze River economic zone, uses environmental pollution as negative factor based on the connotation of water resource efficiency, and re-defines and replenishes the concept of green efficiency of industrial water resource. Through theoretical and experimental analysis, this paper discusses the factors and temporal-spatial features of green efficiency of industrial water resource, and presents a path to upgrading the green efficiency. By means of blue and gray water footprints, this paper uses triple-staged super-efficiency SBM model and Malmquist-Luenberger indicators decomposition to select industrial labors, industrial fixed asset investment and blue water footprint as input variables and industrial increment as expected output variable, and gray water footprint as non-expected output variable. A green efficiency of industrial water resource index system is established to estimate their 2009—2019 green efficiencies of industrial water resource of 11 provinces (cities) in Yangtze River economic zone. Blue water footprints of the whole Yangtze River economic zone and regional has volatility, while the gray water has a downward trend. With removal of environmental factor and random errors, it is found that environmental factor obviously constrains the pure technological efficiency, leaving a room to improve to size efficiency and comprehensive technological efficiency. The factors of the whole elements productivity index changes vary with provinces and stages, but technical advance is the major one, This paper suggests that provinces in Yangtze River economic zone improve size efficiencies through their actual industries and resources and upper-down stream supply chain combination, and increase outputs and decrease water pollution from optimizing input/output elements. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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DISTRIBUTION OF KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE SERVICE INDUSTRY AGGREGATION AND ITS SPATIAL OVERFLOWING EFFECT ON ECONOMY IN YANGTZE RIVER DELTA YU Yana, YUE Jingui Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 133-144.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220422.002 Abstract （110）      PDF（pc） （1665KB）（268）       Knowledge map    Save Spatial Gini coefficient and locality entropy are used to estimate the aggregation degree and distribution of knowledge-intensive service industry and its sub-sectors in 41 prefectures in Yangtze River Delta from 2004 to 2018, and spatial Dubin model is applied to verify its impacts on the local economy and its spatial overflowing effect on the vicinity. Spatial Gini coefficient reveals that aggregation degree of commercial service sector is the largest. The aggregation index is at 0.04－0.06, generally in a U-shaped trend. Locality entropy of less than one-third cities is larger than 1 with Shanghai as center, Hangzhou, Nanjing and Hefei as sub-centers, while other cities are of low aggregation degree. Spatial Dubin modelling results show a remarkable spatial overflow effect on economy, varying with sectors. Financial service sector aggregation has constraints on the local economy, but little on the vicinity,while information technology and commercial service sector do not have a significant influence on the local economy, but have siphoning effect on the vicinity. Scientific servicing has a little influence. Generally, knowledge-intensive servicing industry aggregation largely promotes the local economy and vicinity in Yangtze River Delta,varying with sectors and regions. This paper presents suggestions on promoting a sound, balanced knowledge-intensive service industry to avoid industrial simplification, boosting it in the underdeveloped areas, optimizing its spatial aggregation and diminishing the gap between the core cities and remote cities. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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MULTI-SCALE RESEARCH ON COUPLING COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT OF URBANIZATION AND ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE MIDDLE REACH OF YANGTZE RIVER WU Jiao, LIU Run, HUANG Min Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 73-85.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211221.008 Abstract （116）      PDF（pc） （8191KB）（266）       Knowledge map    Save The middle reach area of the Yangtze River is the transmission area for development of eastern, central and western China. It is also a key area in promoting new urbanization. Research on its coupling coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment can provide references for the high-quality development of new urbanization in the middle reach of the Yangtze River. This paper establishes an evaluation index system of urbanization and ecological environment, and uses coupling coordinated model to study its temporal-spatial pattern of coupling coordination between urbanization and ecology in the middle reach of the Yangtze River in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2017 at the scales of the entire middle reach of the Yangtze River, among city clusters, internal and external city clusters and citywide. GeoDa is used to test the overall and local auto-correlation. The results show a growing urbanization and ecological environmental level with coupling degree at antagonistic stage and coordination degree in the transition from preliminary imbalance to preliminary coordination. The overall coordinated degree of middle reach of the Yangtze River is 0.53. Urbanization is continuously rising among the four city clusters, with a fluctuated ecological environmental level. All city clusters are at a preliminary coordination in 2017, except Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan city cluster whose coordination reaches 0.6, a medium coordination. Both internal and external coordination of city clusters are from 0.57 to 0.62, which is a small gap. Spatial difference exists in coordination and coupling of city wide urbanization and ecological environment, with central cities being of prior-developing advantages. The rising coordination is mainly contributed by state supportive policies, industrial transformation, and local development. Spatial difference of coordination is mainly concentrated in Anhui and Hubei. High-high concentrating area is the eastern Jiang-Huai city cluster, and low-low is almost none. This paper concludes that the coupling coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment in middle reach of the Yangtze River is growing but relatively low, with regional gaps. There is still a long way to realize the high-quality development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ON AIR POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY TEXTS BASED ON BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI (JJJ) CITY CLUSTER SHEN Weining, XIA Ziying, SU Shuang Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 65-72.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211122.001 Abstract （126）      PDF（pc） （2723KB）（261）       Knowledge map    Save This paper, based on texts of air pollution control policies in JJJ city cluster, discusses the cooperative intentions of local governments and provides references for trans-regional air pollution  collaborative controls. This paper uses 2009-2019 air pollution policies in JJJ city cluster to establish an analytical framework composed of time, issuers, types, word frequency, tools and counts, and to determine its evolutionary rule. Viewing from time scale, the air pollution control policy undergoes preliminary developing stage, stable transitional stage and  stable control stage. Issuers vary with administrative regions, diversified in Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang, but comparatively single in other cities as governments. Text types are mainly notice, amounting to 73% with lower frequency in other forms.Word frequencies are highly concentrating on "pollution" "enterprise" and "control", respectively from 164, 127 and 110  policies. Policy tools are mainly on controlling, amounting to 43.57% in counts, far above marketing and volunteering tools. Policy counts vary with cities, less in collaboratively issuing policies, meaning a low collaboration in air pollution control and an insufficient interaction. This paper concludes that air pollution control in JJJ city cluster is a long-term and hard systematical project, which can be achieved by focusing on diversified control models, reconstructing new government network and improving collaborative controlling skills.A trans-regional collaborative mechanism of air pollution control needs to be formed to mutually control air pollution and stabilize trans-regional collaboration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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ANALYSIS AND FORECAST ON COUPLING COORDINATION BETWEEN TECHNICAL INNOVATION AND WATER RESOURCES ENVIRONMENT IN ZHEJIANG PROVINCE TONG Jixin, REN Dingwei Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 37-45.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211221.011 Abstract （136）      PDF（pc） （2648KB）（260）       Knowledge map    Save This paper explores the coupling coordination between technical innovation and water resources environment in Zhejiang province, and forecasts its tendency so as to provide references for Zhejiang's green development, water resources environmental protection and high-quality development based on Zhejiang's 11 cities' technical innovation and water resources data from 2010 to 2019. A comprehensive evaluation index system is established with its indexes' weights determined via entropy, AHP and minimum relative information entropy, which is used to estimate the comprehensive evaluation values of technical innovation system and water resources environment system. Coupling coordination model is used to calculate the coupling coordination of the two systems. GM(1, 1) model is employed to forecast the coordination tendency in the next six years. The development levels of Zhejiang's technical innovation system and water resources system in 2019 are 0.398 1 and 0.458 7 with an annual increasing rate 14.62% and 3.94%. Technical innovation has a faster developing rate. The two systems vary with regions. The coupling coordination shows an increasing trend with Zhejiang's overall coupling coordination rising from 0.411 3 to 0.636 8, near disordered from 2010 to 2013, fairly ordered from 2014 to 2017, preliminarily ordered from 2018 to 2019, forecasted to be well ordered in next six years with a lagging annual increasing rate from 4.98% to 4.58%. The coupling coordination shows geographically a pattern of north-high-south-low, east-high-west-low, with forecasted no outstanding changes in next six years.From 2010 to 2019, Zhejiang pays much attention to technical innovation, optimizes water resources environment, and promotes a collaborative development between technical innovation and water resources environment, but spatial differences exist. This paper presents suggestions on boosting technical innovation, improving water resources environment, preventing a lagging coupling coordination, and reducing regional variance so as to reach a better coordinated development between technical innovation and water resources environment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL AND SPATIAL PATTERN OF RURAL LIVING ENVIRONMENT IN YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC ZONE ZHANG Yunning, ZHU Hongyan, OUYANG Hongxiang, et al Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 42-54.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220331.001 Abstract （178）      PDF（pc） （3768KB）（256）       Knowledge map    Save Improving rural living environment and realizing its sustainable development is a key task for China's new rural construction, vital for implementation of a rural revitalization strategy.This paper, based on sustainable development theory of rural living environment, uses factor breakdown structure and subjective/objective weighing to establish an evaluation index system for sustainable development of rural living environment from the perspective of natural and social resources, and applies development level (sustainable development potential), coordination index (sustainable development trend) to set up a measurement model, which is employed to comprehensively evaluate their sustainable development level and spatial pattern of 11 provinces' rural living environment in Yangtze River Economic Zone with an attempt to improve the sustainable development level of rural living environment and to increase regional balanced development. ArcGIS is used to classify development level into four categories, high, relatively high, relatively low and low, and development coordination degree into three, high, moderate and low. Clustering features are analyzed at overall and local levels from auto-correlation perspective with causes explained from resource allocation and development. Results show a regional imbalance, with sustainable development level of rural living environment, high in the east and low in the west, and development coordination, high in the central and low in the west. Sustainable development level of rural living environment is of outstanding global and local clustering/dispersing features with eco-environment and economy systems of strongest spatial clustering, and social culture system of strongest dispersing. High-level hot spots of sustainable development are concentrating on Yangtze River Delta and low-level cold spots on Yunnan and Guizhou. This paper presents suggestions on orderly conducting economic activities, enhancing environmental and cultural construction, overall planning regional development in order to optimize rural living environment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A CASE STUDY ON YANGTZE RIVER DELTA: INDUSTRIAL GREEN GDP ACCOUNTING AND DEVELOPING EFFICIENCY SUN Fuhua, CAI Binbin, SHEN Juqin Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 32-42.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220602.001 Abstract （117）      PDF（pc） （2851KB）（246）       Knowledge map    Save Yangtze River delta industrial economy is thriving on water with water use issues, long constrained by water resource and water environment. Under a guideline of water resource management concept of “determining and measuring water, strengthening the rigid constrains of water resources”, paying attention to water resources conservation and water enviroment protection and promoting regional green development are the key to breaking through the bottleneck of industrial development. This paper, focusing on the double constraints of water resource and water environment on industrial economic green development, studies the industrial green GDP and its development efficiency changes and regional variance in Yangtze River delta under the double constraints. Based on Yangtze River Delta three provinces and one city's 2006-2019 data, this paper uses adjusted resource loss value to amount the industrial green GDP, which is used as output indicator, and applies super-efficiency SBM model to evaluate its industrial green development efficiency. The results show that the overall industrial green GDP proportion in Yangtze River delta has been rising over years, while a falling economic loss of consumption reduction and degradation, and an improving water resource wasting and pollution. Green development efficiency has been generally rising over years, with a diminishing variance with unconstrained development efficiency. Geographically, economic developing efficiency is at a higher level in Shanghai and Jiangsu, lower in Zhejiang and Anhui, indicating that industrial economy in Yangtze River delta has a less dependence on its water resource and environment, leaving a great room to improve. In order to decrease resource consumption and environmental costs and further to reduce the dependence of industrial economy on water resource and environment, and to improve industrial green developing efficiency, this paper presents suggestions on expediting resource utilization and environmentally technical innovation, reducing water consumption and wasting from source, decreasing industrial pollution to constrain a falling water quality, optimizing water resource pricing mechanism, balancing supply-demand, utilization efficiency, recycling rate, conducting differentiated pricings, and constructing a united water resource administration so as to diminish a regional variance.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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REGIONAL DIFFERENCE OF RELATION BETWEEN REAL ESTATE ENTERPRISES SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES AND FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS SHU Huan, LI Yan Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 126-135.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211221.001 Abstract （140）      PDF（pc） （1864KB）（245）       Knowledge map    Save This paper estimates real estate enterprise's social responsibilities and financial constraints, determines the regional difference of their relation, and provides references for real estate enterprise to mitigate financial constraints based on their social responsibilities. This paper, based on China's A stock-listed real estate enterprises' data from 2012 to 2019, uses Hexun website data and financial data to mark enterprises' and stakeholders' social responsibilities, uses acting variables' SA index to mark financial constraints, and divides them into east, central and west economic zones. Multiple regression model is applied to compare the entire and subsidiary enterprises' social responsibilities and financial constraints relation within the three economic zones. China's real estate enterprises' social responsibilities have an average score of 34.145, high in the east economic zone, followed by the central and then the west. The average financial constraints level is -3.787 nationwide, indicating a hard financial environment, strongest in the west, followed by the east and then the central. Real estate enterprises' social responsibilities are negatively related with financial constraints in each area or even in the whole nation, which means enterprises with better social responsibilities have less financial constraints. The east economic zone, compared with the central and west zones, has the strongest negative relation, outstandingly above 1%. Social responsibilities of real estate enterprises on stakeholders and creditors negatively impact their financial constraints, but do little on their responsibilities on society; Social responsibilities of real estate enterprises on government, consumer, employee and supplier vary geographically. Real estate enterprises shall consider regional difference when performing financial-orientated social responsibilities. Appropriate social responsibility strategy and differentiated enterprise social responsibility inputs can relieve financial constraints to the maximum.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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IMPACTS OF SUBSIDY REDUCTION ON NEW ENERGY COMPANIES RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT VIEWING FROM MARKET EXPECTATION ADJUSTMENT LIU Surong, XIE Xiaoxiao, HUO Jianglin Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 65-76.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220422.001 Abstract （178）      PDF（pc） （1157KB）（244）       Knowledge map    Save Governmental subsidy has a close connection with new energy sectors' R&D innovation.Subsidy reduction indicates new energy sectors are at a government-oriented to market-oriented adjusting stage.Under the dual pressures of subsidy reduction and innovation upgrading, new energy companies have to switch to markets to seek new financing ways ensuring a stable R&D investment. This paper, based on China's stock-listed new energy companies' information from 2010 to 2019, uses multiple regression to study the impacts of subsidy reduction on new energy sectors' R&D, and discusses the adjustment of market expectation on the relation between governmental subsidy and companies' R&D investment. Results show that subsidy reduction plays an outstanding stimulating role on new energy sectors' R&D investment. The impact varies with natures of governmental subsidies, a little if benefits-related subsidy, but significant if assets-related. Under adjustment of market expectations, benefits-related governmental subsidy will decline or even constrain R&D investment, while assets-related subsidy will be on the contrast. Governmental subsidy shall be stably reducing, switch from all-benefits to supporting-excellence, adjust subsidy types and strength, and construct multiple subsidy mechanisms so as to help new energy sectors increase R&D investments. This paper suggests new energy companies follow the market changes, increase their innovative capacities and awareness, boost relation with financing markets, diversify financing channels, and set up a collaborative mechanism of governmental subsidy and markets on new energy companies' R&D innovation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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DRIVES FOR JIANGSU'S WATER FOOTPRINT EFFICIENCY CHANGES BASED ON LMDI-ATTRIBUTION JIANG Xiangcheng, WANG Rui Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 30-41.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220410.001 Abstract （141）      PDF（pc） （3015KB）（241）       Knowledge map    Save Jiangsu province has the most total and per capita water footprint in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, and a severe water shortage which constraints Jiangsu's economy. This paper, from the perspective of water footprint and focusing on Jiangsu's water footprint efficiency changes, analyzes their drives and provides suggestions for sustainable development of Jiangsu's water resources. Jiangsu's water footprint results from 2010 to 2019 and extended Kaya formula are used to calculate the actual water use efficiency, water resource use technical level and water footprint. LDMI-attribution model is employed to estimate the drives with contribution of three water use sectors obtained. During the study period, Jiangsu shows a noted increase in water footprint efficiency, from 32.78 RMB/m3 in 2010 to 88.91 RMB/m3 in 2019,increasing by 171.25%, mostly driven by actual water use efficiency with a contribution 167%, followed by technical level with a contribution 26.15%. Water footprint proportion in agricultural use has relatively risen, and the water footprint structure contributes -21.67% to the change. Key drives come from actual uses in industrial and living sectors, 91.19% and 75.07% respectively, with only 0.73% from agricultural sector. In technical drives, most are contributed by living sector at 21.40%, followed by industrial sector at 4.79% and then by agricultural sector at -0.04%. In water footprint structural drives, only agricultural sector is positive at 0.06%, then living sector at -2.13% and industrial sector at -19.60%. This paper presents suggestions on constructing water-saving agricultural system to increase agricultural water use efficiency and to decrease agricultural water footprint proportion, keeping a downgrade of gray water footprint, limiting high pollution investments, supporting green development, stimulating province-wide consumption, optimizing foreign trading structure and increasing sustainable development capacity of water resources. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT INTENSITY AND PERFORMANCE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC COMPANIES ADJUSTED BY FINANCIAL LEVERAGE AND EQUITY NATURE XIAO Yu, GONG Guiying Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 21-29.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220307.001 Abstract （217）      PDF（pc） （1255KB）（239）       Knowledge map    Save Technical innovation theory is used to study the relation between research & development innovation and performance of Chinese photovoltaic companies, and financial leverage is incorporated into model to further study variances between state-owned and private companies, providing decision-making references for photovoltaic companies to make R&D investment strategies and to make performance plans. This paper, based on 100 stock A-listed photovoltaic companies' panel data from 2016 to 2020, uses Hausman test and random effect to study the adjustment of financial leverage and equity nature with R&D input intensity as independent variable and companies' performance as dependent variable. The results show an upside-down “U-shaped” relation between them, increase of input can promote companies' performance when input is insufficient; however, this promotion may become adverse as R&D input increases. Financial leverage plays a negative role that their relation can be weakened as financial leverage coefficient rises. The upside-down “U-shaped” relation exists both in state-owned and private companies, outstandingly in the latter. An appropriate R&D input intensity largely promotes photovoltaic companies'performances, subject to their capital allocation. Photovoltaic companies should consider their R&D input according to their overall strategy, which makes appropriate R&D input strategy from input & output and capital operation. Private companies complying with marketized operation have a well stimulating mechanism. Stateowned companies' performance can be promoted if private equity is adopted appropriately.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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IMPACTS OF CITY GROUP ECONOMIC NETWORK EVOLUTION ON RESOURCES-BASED CITIES' INNOVATIVE CAPACITY ZHAO Hongmei, ZHANG Yan Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 9-20.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220606.002 Abstract （144）      PDF（pc） （4669KB）（232）       Knowledge map    Save City group network is a product of urban advanced stage, and a consequence of collaborative development of innovative units. Its dynamic evolution provides an effective circulation channel for innovative resources among resources-based cites. This paper establishes an urban group economic network among resources-based cities, and discusses its developing characteristics and evolutionary trend, providing references for promoting innovative capacities in resources-based cities. Based on 11 cities' data of Harbin-Changchun city group from 2009 to 2018, this paper uses revised gravity model and fixed effect model to establish a city group economic network which is used to study the impacts on their innovative capacities. The network density of Harbin-Changchun city group is in a rising trend, but at a low-level. Its network centrality shows polarization with some cities marginalized, and some localized groups emerging. City group network in/out degrees positively impact resources-based cities'innovative capacities at 1% and 5% significance levels respectively. Structural hole index is not related to the innovative capacities.Harbin-Changchun city group needs to optimize its economic network structure, to increase Harbin's and Changchun's radiation and leading roles to form an internal complicated network, to fasten their infrastructure so as to improve their trans-city communication inside the city group economic network,and to construct trans-regional innovative cooperating mechanism to increase the innovative capacities of resources-based cities. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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AN APPROACH CHINA'S 2030 CARBON PEAK BASED ON SD MODEL ON ECONOMY, ENERGY AND CARBON EMISSION SYSTEM DU Yan, HU Xinyang Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (5): 19-28.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20221013.002 Abstract （252）      PDF（pc） （2230KB）（231）       Knowledge map    Save This paper uses system dynamics model to interactively simulate China's carbon emission evolution trend of energy consumption during 2020 to 2050 under three scenarios. Comprehensive control scenario is set at the benchmark to study the impacts of economic,population and energy changes on gross carbon emission, and to discuss the premium approach to carbon peak. Caron peak values are forecasted to be 1.62, 1.33 and 1.14 times of 2020 under benchmark, low carbon and comprehensive control scenarios, respectively, and will reach the carbon peak in the years of 2038, 2030 and 2027 under the three scenarios, largely impacted by GDP growth rate per capita, scientific-technical inputs, proportions of the second and the third industries, fossil energy proportion and energy consumption intensity. Carbon peak is forecasted to be the nearest under the comprehensive control scenario, with minimum carbon emission peak value, a practical premium plan. The optimized approaches to carbon peak needs to be based on determining appropriate GDP growth rate per capita, boosting scientific-technical inputs, decreasing the second and the third industries proportion, adjusting energy structure and decreasing energy consumption intensity. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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BENCHMARKING-ORIENTED URBAN GREENHOUSE GAS ACCOUNTING METHODOLOGY FRAMEWORK IN CHINA GAO Yuan, LIU Gengyuan, CHEN Caocao, et al Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 1-20.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220527.014 Abstract （174）      PDF（pc） （2062KB）（227）       Knowledge map    Save As the largest source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, cities are the basic unit and important space carrier to promote carbon emission reduction. In the face of increasingly severe climate challenges, on one hand, the degree of cooperation among cities is not enough, and most cities choose to conduct urban GHG emission accounting and formulate mitigation policies independently; on the other hand, there are still differences in accounting boundary, accounting content and double counting, types of GHG, and accounting methods among different urban GHG emission accounting guidelines, which increases the complexity of urban GHG emission accounting and is not conducive to the comparison of GHG emission accounting results among cities. The methodological framework for urban GHIG emission accounting is the basis for understanding and evaluating urban GHG emissions. In this paper, we reviewed the domestic and foreign urban GHG accounting standards, databases and cases, which covered the comparison and difference analysis of international urban GHG accounting standards, the application research of three different city-level GHG emission accounting perspectives (including accounting based on administrative division boundaries, cross-border infrastructure, and urban consumption respectively). The core of domestic urban and regional GHG accounting guidelines are clearly proposed to establish a framework of urban GHG emission accounting methods that are prioritized for domestic benchmarks. In the new framework, scopes 1-3 in the framework represents the urban GHG emissions from different perspectives, and reflects the urban GHG emissions to the maximum extent. The indispensability and comparability of Scope 1 emissions within administrative divisions are emphasized. Importantly, the accounting for Scope 2 and Scope 3 emissions is a specific supplement to the urban GHG emissions that are matched to fully meet the actual needs of the city. The framework solves some of the pain points. For example, the accounting boundary is within the boundary of China administrative divisions, covering 7 types of greenhouse gases, and scopes 1-3 are for different accounting emission subjects. In view of the emission sources not covered or disputed by the current urban GHG accounting guidelines, difficulty of data acquisition, uncertainty and so on, the author believes that these problems can be addressed by means of scientific and technological progress, and the impact on the urban GHG emission accounting is not major, but for the long-term development of the city, these pain points must be deeply considered and solved by the decision-making managers. It is necessary to incorporate them into the framework at first, and then gradually solve them. Benchmarking-oriented GHG accounting framework can help decision-making managers understand the flow of embodied GHG emissions between cities, determine appropriate emission reduction policies, and meanwhile consider and plan low-carbon transition paths, optimize urban management methods, and promote exchanges and cooperation between cities from the perspective of GHG emissions. Finally, this paper points out that the effective implementation of the framework requires the linkage of the whole society, multi-industry and cross-department, the overall government-enterprise-people-commerce cooperation, the close industry-university-research cooperation.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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POLICY EFFECTS EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION OF WEI RIVER STREAM ZHANG Jie, SUN Jie, ZHU Mingming Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (2): 64-75.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20210903.002 Abstract （220）      PDF（pc） （12066KB）（223）       Knowledge map    Save Ecological compensation of Wei River stream is the first trans-provincial trial of Yellow River stream. This paper summarizes the status, issues and experiences of ecological compensation of Yellow River stream aiming at a quality development, and evaluates the performances of ecological compensation policies. Based on a case study on Wei River stream, This paper establishes an evaluation model of ecological compensation effects composed of comprehensive performances and preferred scoring, and uses APH and entropy to construct a comprehensive performance evaluation index system of ecological environment, which is employed to estimate the comprehensive performance of 20 cities along Wei River stream during 2009 to 2019 based on all validated samples' selection. The results show a generally rising performance, of which Shaanxi's policies seat on top, but varying with cities. The policies increase the performances at or above the level 1%, in spite of time controlling or single fixed effect; it works at or above the level 5% in the provincial teams, but not in Gansu province due to its limited conditions, big ecological burden in environmental rehabilitation, deficient compensation mechanism, imbalanced upper- and down-stream, lagging policies and lacking mature experiences. This paper presents suggestions on policy propaganda, encouraging residents and companies' involvement, improving compensation mechanisms, pushing ecologically comprehensive compensation, making bi-directional compensation standards, spreading local successful experiences and issuing local policy details. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCH ON EVALUATION AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH-QUALITY DEVELOPMENT IN 9 PROVINCES OF THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF NEW DEVELOPMENT CONCEPTS  MA Rui Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (1): 160-171.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20211227.002 Abstract （148）      PDF（pc） （1454KB）（223）       Knowledge map    Save he high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin has become an important national strategy. This paper measures their developing indexes of 9 provinces in the basin (Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong) on five aspects including innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing，analyzes their spatial correlation, determines their developing trend, which is a precondition and offers references for major decision-making for high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. This paper based on the "new development concept" as the theoretical framework, selects the five indexes of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing in 9 provinces of the Yellow River Basin from 2016 to 2018, and uses the entropy weight method to calculate their comprehensive indexes and analyzes their high-quality development of 9 provinces. On this basis, the spatial autocorrelation analysis method is used to measure the spatial correlation of development in the five aspects of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing in 9 provinces of the Yellow River Basin. The results show that from a vertical perspective, most provinces are rising in innovative, green and opening development, but declining in coordinated and sharing development. From a horizontal perspective, Shandong is of relative preponderance in innovative developing comprehensive index, reaching the maximum in 2018 over the past three years in 9 provinces, and of absolute preponderance in openness development comprehensive index, seating on top over the past three years.Sichuan is of relative preponderance in coordinated development comprehensive index, reaching the acme in 2018 over the past three years among the 9 provinces, and of absolute preponderance in sharing development comprehensive index, seating on top over the past three years.Qinghai is absolute preponderance in green development comprehensive index, staying on the top in three consecutive years among the 9 provinces. Viewing spatial correlation, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia show low-low agglomerating in innovative development in 2018. Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Qinghai and Ningxia show high-high agglomerating in green development from 2017 to 2018. Through the research,this paper concludes that the 9 provinces have deficiencies in coordination and sharing against a high-quality development, which can be overcome through supportive policies, boosting inputs and precisely approaches. In addition,the upper-stream of Yellow River provinces display a strong spatial correlation in innovative and green development, their collaboration is key to high-quality development in the upper-stream.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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EVOLUTION OF XINJIANG'S REGIONAL ECONOMIC COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT FROM PERSPECTIVE OF SPATIAL CONVERGENCE HOU Zhenmei, ZHANG Pengyan, ZHOU Yong Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (3): 53-62.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220606.001 Abstract （98）      PDF（pc） （2038KB）（213）       Knowledge map    Save Regional coordinated development strategy as one of the key concept for new period is of practical significance to maintain Xinjiang's stable society and to power rural development. This paper uses Xinjiang's 85 countywide 2000 to 2018 panel data to establish a spatial Barro & Sala-i-Martin model, which is applied to study the evolution of Xinjiang's regional economic coordinated development from perspective of spatial convergence. Xinjiang shows a clear economic development variance in the north and south with an outstanding spatial convergence owing to countywide difference. Countywide economic growth displays a conditional β convergence at a low speed, suggesting issues in regional coordinated development. Fixed asset investment, human capital and urbanization level, positively affecting the convergence of countywide economic growth, are the major approaches to promoting regional coordinated economic development. Population growth and deposit saving rate are impactful elements to countywide economic growth, higher population growth rate in southern Xinjiang's four cities plays a key role in enlarging the south-north economic variance. This paper puts forward suggestions on developing southern Xinjiang's four cities' modern agriculture to increase their economic growth, boosting new urbanization construction by raising its quality to support amid regional coordination, optimizing investment structure to increase investment efficiency, maintaining an appropriate population growth rate in southern Xinjiang's four cities and structurally, reforming financial supply side in converting deposits into effective investing channels. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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TEMPORAL-SPATIAL EVOLUTION AND FACTORS OF REGIONAL ECOLOGICAL SECURITY BASED ON DPSIR-TOPSIS MODEL LÜ Tiangui, KONG Anni, WANG Li Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (2): 30-41.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20210910.001 Abstract （245）      PDF（pc） （12048KB）（212）       Knowledge map    Save Study of temporal-spatial evolution and factors of regional ecological security can provide references in constructing regional ecological security pattern. This paper, based on a case study on Jiangxi province as a demonstrating ecological cultural area, uses DPSIR model to establish an evaluation index system of ecological security, and applies improved TOPSIS to study the temporal-spatial evolution of Jiangxi's 2006 to 2018 ecological security with obstacle model used for factors. Coupling coordination model is employed to analyze their connection between two sub-systems of ecological security system with optimized path presented. Jiangxi's ecological security level is generally rising from 0.436 in 2006 to 0.464 in 2018 by a yearly rate at 0.002 2, but with gaps in comprehensive compactness and hierarchy among cities. Its response, driving forces and factors sub-systems are climbing with driving forces at same pace with temporal sequence, a falling pressure and status sub-systems. Any two sub-systems have a coupling degree over 0.97, suggesting a high coordination and a well coupling degree. Ecological security hierarchy varies largely among cities, most at critical security levels (III), with gap to the general security level (IV), and long time to the security level (V). Jiangxi's ecological security level is jointly confined by scientific expense, per capita water resource, regional GDP, urbanization rate, green and square area, waste water & gas processing capacity, fixed asset investment proportion and per capita GDP. This paper presents approaches to regional ecological security level on boosting policies response, improving production performance, pushing regional industrial optimization and intensifying eco-environmental protection.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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SUPPLY EFFICIENCY AND FACTORS OF FARMLAND WATER CONSERVANCY FACILITIES BASED ON SBM-MALMQUIST-TOBIT MODEL YU Lei, YANG Gaosheng Resources & Industries    2022, 24 (4): 77-89.   DOI: 10.13776/j.cnki.resourcesindustries.20220328.001 Abstract （116）      PDF（pc） （2902KB）（209）       Knowledge map    Save 27 Chinese provinces' panel data from 2009 to 2018 are used study the supply efficiency and its changes of farmland water facilities by using SBM-Malmquist and Tobit model is applied to analyze the factors, with results showing an overall declining trend of supply efficiency, from 0.707 to 0.704, varying with geographical regions, northern, northeastern, eastern, central south, northwestern and southeastern in a decreasing order. The efficiencies reach up to 1 in northern and northeastern at the end of the study period. China's average total factor productivity of farmland water conservancy facilities supply is falling in a fluctuated way, mostly contributed by lagging technical advances. Regional economy and farmland water conservancy facilities investing structures cast a positive influence on the supply efficiencies with regression coefficients of 3.02 and 2.19 respectively. The better economy and the larger investment ratio on farmland water facilities, the higher supply efficiencies.The efficiencies are adversely affected by the proportion of farmers income from salary and rural illiteracy rate. Areas with higher proportion of farmers income from salary and higher illiteracy rate have accordingly low farmland water conservancy facilities supply efficiencies due to farmers' low will in investment. Regression results which have been verified by replacing dependent variables, supplementing missing variables, sub-samples regression and lagging variables regression are of good robustness. This paper presents suggestions on increasing farmland water conservancy facilities investment, boosting water conservancy facilities supply, optimizing rural administrative organizations and encouraging farmers' participation, aiming at improving China's farmland water conservancy facilities supply efficiencies and accelerating agricultural modernization. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics