Table of Content

20 December 2012, Volume 14 Issue 6

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES CITIES

PRESSURE OF ORE RESOURCES OVER ECONOMY IN THE URBAN  GROUP OF WESTERN BOHAI COAST

WANG Dian-ru，YAN A-na

2012, 14(6):  1-5. 

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For next 10 year , economic growth in the west coast region around Bohai sea will be at a rate of 8%-9%, the contradiction between demand and supply of mineral resources is still prominent, two kinds of resources and two markets are necessary for the urban group of western Bohai coast. This paper, based on the situation of development and utilization of ore resources, applies ore resources supply pressure index, matching pressure index to evaluate the pressure of ore resources over economy in the urban group of western Bohai coast, concludes that Hebei province bears the biggest pressure followed by Beijing, small in Tianjin. The supporting of ore resources to the regional economy can not be guaranteed without effective approaches.

REVIEW OF REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM IN RESOURCESBASED CITIES

YANG Mei

2012, 14(6):  6-10. 

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Scholars pay close attention on regional innovation system in resourcesbased cities. This paper combines resourcesbased cities transform with regional innovation system, reviews their transform and sustainable development, studies the trend and shortages in this domain. The innovation system is not mature due to the short researching time. The transform study in resourcesbased cities is focused on cases, definition and elements, lacks of examples and practical effects. The study in sustainable development lacks of systematic and scientific innovation.

LOWCARBON RECLAMATION OPTIMIZATION AND CONTROLS OF DAMAGED MINE LAND

DIAO Chu-qin,LV Jian-zhen,HU Yong-yi

2012, 14(6):  11-15. 

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Mine land use process leads to an increase in carbon. A effective reclamation can reduce the carbon emission, which is key for the sustainable development in mines. This paper attempts to use Markov process optimization of land use structure to improve the carbon sinking capacity in mines. The main reasons for the loss of mine carbon sinking capacity lie in a fussy top objective in Chinas mine land reclamation planning, and a pertinence to the damaged mine land. Mine lands are divided into encouraged, restricted and prohibited zones, aiming at maximizing benefits and not reducing carbon sinking level. To adjust the land use structure can raise the carbonsinking capacity in mine land.

RESOURCES STRATEGY

EFFECT OF EXERGY TO ECONOMIC GROWTH BASED ON 19 NATIONS PANEL DATA

AN Hai-zhong，JI hai，AN Qi-er

2012, 14(6):  16-24. 

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This paper, aiming at the relation between energy consumption and economy, selects inflation, capital stock, labor, R & D expenditures of World Bank and the electricity, coal, oil and natural gas consumption of U.S. Department of Energy as sample data, uses the dynamic panel model with the concept of exergy from thermodynamics to calculate the economic effect of four kinds of energy consumption exergy in 19 nations from four regions. The variables which have significant effect on economy are capital stock, coal, electricity and natural gas. For Argentina and Colombia, the variables are exergy consumption of coal and natural gas. For Europe, the variables are capital stock and inflation, the exergy consumption of coal, electricity and natural gas. For China and India, variables are only the exergy consumption of the gas. Based on a case study on China, this paper explains the effect of exergy to economy and aims to offer references in the sustainable economic growth through efficiently using energy.

Climate change and sustainable development in East Asia: impacts and policy challenges

Le Thi Thuy Van

2012, 14(6):  25-30. 

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Climate change emerges as a serious threat and challenge to the sustainable development of developing countries as well as developed countries in the world, especially in East Asia. The region is among the most vulnerable areas of climate change due to its long sea coast, high population concentration at the coastline and dependency on agriculture and resources. The climate changes impacts on economy and society are significant and longlasting, which cause negative effects on the sustainable development. It compounds the pressure on natural resources and environment associated with rapid urbanization, industrialization and economic development, which brings about policy challenges to this region such as food security, energy security, environment resources, carbon emissions reduction targets and social security.

DYNAMIC FEATURES OF CHINAS CRUDE OIL PRICE BASED ON MULTISCALE ENTROPY

WEI Jian-guo,LEI Ya-lin,AN Hai-zhong

2012, 14(6):  31-39. 

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This paper uses multi scale entropy methods to investigate the evolution of China’s crude oil price and its market efficiency, which non linearly depends on the time scale, higher at small time scale (day to month) and lower at big time scale (over one quarter), which means a higher predictability for a long term. Due to a change in outer impact or market drive, the market efficiency can vary largely with time and time scale. The market efficiency during 2003-2011 remained stable. It catches up with economy in a long term, higher during economic bloom and lower during recession.

REVOLUTIONARY CHANGE IN RESOURCES SAVING AND EXTENSIVE USE

SUN Xian-wei

2012, 14(6):  40-44. 

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Resources saving and extensive use is a vital guarantee for mitigating resources constraints and remain a stable economy, and a systematic program connected to human, nature and society. The constraint of resources to economy can be resolved from a change in human thinking, in resources use and social development. The new view on resources management can help increase the comprehensive benefits of resources use. The green, lowcarbon and environmentprotecting resources strategy reaches a reform in resources use that limited resources can bear the mission of Chinese nations renaissance and contribute to the sound and fast economic growth.

OPTIMIZING CHINA’S OCEANIC ECO-COMPENSATION LAW  VIEWING FROM ECOLOGICAL ADMINISTRATION

LIU Hui

2012, 14(6):  45-49. 

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Ecological administration is a new concept of Administrative Law in the 21st century. It is a new target for government to carry out ecological laws and to construct ecological government. The ConocoPhilips oil release disaster triggered a review on China’s oceanic eco-compensation law. The administrative legislation level of China’s oceanic ecocompensation law is low, without systematic integration and partial procedure law. Immature compensation means and program, combined without clear administrative execution and accountability, largely limit the practice in China’s oceanic eco-compensation. Viewing from ecological administration, it can be helpful to promote the practice in oceanic eco-compensation if optimizing the laws and procedure and constructing a supervision mechanism.

RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

A CASE STUDY ON BAODING CITY: SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF REGIONAL CONSTRUCTION LAND EXTENSIVE USE

CHEN Tian-tian,YIN Jun,WANG Jia,etl

2012, 14(6):  50-53. 

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In the process of urbanization, construction land plays an important role in the social and economic development, so construction land extensive use is related to the sustainable development of cities and towns. This paper, based on the features and factors of regional construction land use, establishes an evaluation system and employs to evaluate their construction land extensive use in Bodings cities and counties, and ranks their levels by using clustering analysis, and studies the spatial differentiation with GIS.

RESEARCH ON INFORMATION SERVICE MODEL OF GEOLOGICAL  ARCHIVES BASED ON COMPLEX NETWORK

Liu Ying-wei, An Hai-zhong, Gao Xiang-yun

2012, 14(6):  54-59. 

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In order to meet the information needs of geological data users, this paper, by using complex network theory, defines the concept of geological data information entity, constructs the complex network of geological data information entity, and put forward geological data information service model based on the complex network. To validate the model, this paper collects 513 geological data from National Geological Archives of China, chooses the applicable information entities, and construct the complex network of geological data according to the simulative user needs with the analysis results as feedback to the user. The results show that this model can provide the corresponding information service from vast geological data according to user needs.


LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION ON MINING INDUSTRY

Wu Wen-sheng.

2012, 14(6):  60-64. 

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It is an important function for local governments to control mining industry, which is closely related to mining order. This paper, based on a definition of regulation and local government’s functions, discovers through investigation that issues existing in regulation on mining industry, such as over and less regulation, nonstrict execution and monitoring, inappropriate responsibility-right-benefit and poor local regulation. It is necessary to adjust government’s organizations, to clearly determine functions, to reform benefit allocation, localize the control focus, and strengthen the government’s monitoring. 

APPROACHES OF MINERAL RESOURCES TO MACROECONOMIC CONTROL IN LOWCARBON ECONOMY

Zhang Ju-gang, Zhou Ji-guang, Ding Xin

2012, 14(6):  65-69. 

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 This paper, based on the theory and practice of mineral resources to macroeconomic control and combined with the new trend of low-carbon economy, presents the starting of mineral resources to macroeconomic control and discusses the approaches, beginning from exploration and development of new strategic resources, led by technical innovation, and breaking through from a change in resources consumption structure, and leveled by unit mining/processing energy consumption.

ON OPTIMAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION OVER HETEROGENEOUS REGIONS

Masamichi Kawano

2012, 14(6):  70-76. 

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This paper examined the optimal grant for each region from the central government to attain the optimal distribution of the population over the regions in a country. Under the assumption that all regions are homogeneous, the Henry George Theorem holds, i.e., all the land rents should be spent on the expenditure of local public goods in order to attain the optimal population of each region. We assume that the regions are heterogeneous in the size of the available land. Under this assumption, the Henry George Theorem does not hold. The central government should redistribute the tax income among regions in order to improve the welfare of each region. The government can make the Pareto improvement by introducing the transfer among the regions. We will derive the characteristics of this optimal transfer and the mechanism of this Pareto improvement. 

POLICY SYSTEM OF HIGHLEVEL TALENTS IN LAND AND RESOURCE SECTOR

LI Chuan-song

2012, 14(6):  77-80. 

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Reform and innovation in land and resource sector can not go further without high-level talents. Recently, high-level talent groups comprised of academicians, young scientists and excellent experts have been formed through policies such as “Thousand-People-Plan”, “Outstanding-Experts”, “National Hundred-Thousand-Ten Thousand Talents”, and “ExcellentEngineers”, providing a supporting policy and growing room for high-level talents. This paper, based on the principle of the Communist Party's leading, sets up a system advantage for high-level talents' growth, focuses on golden-aged high-level talents, optimizes the soft environment, and constructs an international platform, which guarantees the high-level talents organization construction and the effect of policy system.

RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

DEVELOPMENT AND EFFECT OF SHALE GAS IN THE UNITED STATES

LIU Hui-fang, AN Hai-zhong, MEI Jie

2012, 14(6):  81-87. 

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As a surging demand of oil and gas all over the world, shale gas and coal-bed methane as uncoventional energy can relieve the energy pressure. The United States, a pioneer in developing shale gas, has a top position in shale gas market. As shale gas has been largely discovered, the improving technology and maturing development and supportive policies stimulate the shale gas production in the United States, which guarantees the energy security, decreases the shale gas price and increases the employment, and changes the traditional framework of the world's gas market. Although there is a dispute in environment impact, the American's developing shale gas as an alternative energy drives a worldwide development.

REGIONAL EFFECTS OF THE EXPLOITATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES

GAO Li, SHEN Lei, WANG Yi

2012, 14(6):  88-92. 

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Abundant mineral resources could promote regional economic growth. However irrational exploitation of mineral resources may bring about various environmental, economic, social problems. This paper analyzes the adverse effects of the exploitation of mineral resources on environment, economy and society, with some practical examples of China’s western regions, and makes suggestions on how to escape the detrimental impacts. The solutions that are given include achieving sustainable development, promoting green mining, considering the benefits of the majority of local residuals, enhancing international exchanges and other related measures.
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RESOURCES EVALUATION

INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT AND PRIORITIZATION OF MIDDLE EAST OIL-GAS RESOURCES

GUO Si-jia, FANG Wei, ZENG Jin-fang, ZHU Yan-kong

2012, 14(6):  93-100. 

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This paper, based on MLR’s oil-gas investment environment projects, gives a brief introduction to oil-gas resource in Middle East, selects indexes according to data and references, and establishes an evaluation index system through expert evaluation, which is used to evaluate the oil-gas investment environment in Arabic 4 nations and Persian Gulf 6 nations. By using the clustering analysis, the prioritization shows that Saudi Arab ranks top, followed by Iraq, Iran and Kuwait if no political risks.

RESEARCH ON EVALUATION INDEX SYSTEM OF LAND RESOURCE SURVEY PROJECTS MANAGEMENT

FANG Wei, AN Hai-zhong, Yu Guang

2012, 14(6):  101-105. 

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Land resources survey project is funded by the central government, implemented by the Ministry of Land and Resources. A scientific evaluation of the projects management will help improve the management level. This paper, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of land resources survey projects management process, uses the PMBOK knowledge system of project management to build an evaluation index system of land resources survey project management. Based on case study on northern and northwestern China, this paper evaluates the land resources survey projects management from system, progress and results and concludes that the projects management in land and resources survey is quite well, but poor in risk management and less application.

VIEWS ON CHINA’S GREEN MINING INDUSTRY

PAN Dong-yang

2012, 14(6):  106-109. 

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As China’s fast economic growth and increasing natural resources consumption, the green developing mode of mining sector catches extensive attention. The concept of green mining has been gradually accepted. China established the code of green mining, which has been practiced in mining enterprises, but the code lacks an integrated attention for the mining industry. This paper, aiming at discussing the integrated framework of green mining, presents “energy value” and green GDP method from ecological economics. Viewing from the mining chain, the green mining shall consider the economy and environment in the up and down-stream chain industries. The paper attempts to give a comprehensive evaluation index system of green mining.

RESOURCES ENVIRONMENT

EVALUATION OF INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT FOR OIL-GAS RESOURCES IN ASIAPACIFIC

HE Bo,AN Hai-zhong, FANG Wei, ZENG Jin-fang,GAO Xi

2012, 14(6):  110-115. 

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China is a major importer of the oil and gas resources, “going out” strategy of using foreign oil and gas resources has become an important economic content of the sustainable development. AsiaPacific region has extensive oil and gas resources, where has a rapid gas production. This paper, based on the security of oil-gas supply and enterprises-profitability, analyzes and compares the investment environment of oil-gas resources in Asia-Pacific 16 nations, studies the macroscopic investment environment, trend and competitiveness in Asia-Pacific, aiming at offering references for China's strategy in investing oilgas resources in Asia Pacific.

VIEWS ON CHINA'S RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL LOADING CAPACITY

GAO Xiang-yun,AN Hai-zhong,LIU Hong-hong

2012, 14(6):  116-120. 

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The rapid economic growth has impacted the resources and environment, which makes resources and environmental loading capacity a hot research topic. This paper, reviews references in resources and environmental loading capacity, summarizes its contents, evaluation and application, and concludes that a poor research in theoretical contents needs a unified evaluation index system with potentials in regions and cities.

EMPIRICAL STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION FACTORS IN CHINA

LI Cong-xin, ZHANG Ju-gang,LI Guo-zhu

2012, 14(6):  121-125. 

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This paper, based on references study, attributes the pollution to population, scale, structure, technology and handling factors, and uses LMDI to decompose the waste gas change in 19912010. The population, economic scale and structure hamper the gas emission reduction, but technical improvement and environmental planning boosts it. This paper presents suggestions from population policies, industrial policies, and environmental management.

RESOURCES INDUSTRIES

ANALYSIS ON THE INDUSTRIAL RESTRUCTURING IN NORTHERN SLOPE ECONOMIC BELT OF TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS

SHI Le-le, ZHAO Jun

2012, 14(6):  126-134. 

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The Northern Slope Economic Belt of Tianshan Mountains as the most developed region of Xinjiang bears important mission to change the economic development mode and structural adjustment. Its development plan has been risen to a national strategy. By means of three-axis graph method, this paper studies the industrial restructuring and the regional differences in the northern slope economic belt of Xinjiang Tianshan Mountains, conducts a comparative analysis through SSM model to analyze its industrial structure, and concludes that the industrial structure evolutes to the right-handed mode. Urumqi is in the advanced stage of industrial structure's development, but the tertiary industrial competitiveness tends to decline. Wusu and Changji have a good base in their first industry with strong competitiveness and increasing potential in their second industry, such as Kuitun and Fukang. This paper proposes that the industrial structure adjustment shall follow its rules and be combined with the urban resources loading capacity and industrial competiveness advantages.

COMPARISON IN PRODUCTIVE SERVICES INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

WU San-mang, LI Shan-tong

2012, 14(6):  135-142. 

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This paper, based on input/output data in 1992, 1997, 2002 and 2007 in China’s 30 provinces, compares their productive and service industrial development and concludes that the economic growth is chiefly based on fixed input with little effect from productive and service industries, and that a higher input rate lies in logistics, stores, wholesale and retail business, accommodation and catering, and a lower rate in intelligence services, and that a rising heavy industrialization leads to a rising fixed input and a descend in productive and services to gross output rate, and that a leading OEM industrialization doesn't mean a higher input rate in productive and service industry in eastern China (with exception of Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin) to other provinces.

RESOURCES ECONOMICS

HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT DURING WESTERN CHINA'S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

GUO Hui-juan

2012, 14(6):  143-147. 

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Following by the intelligence economy, the developing mode by material resources becomes outdated. The western China's development shall be focused on human capital investment. This paper, based on rural human resources in educational, medical and cultural sectors in western China, applies quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the situation of development of human capital, discusses the reasons of lack of human capital investment in western China from education and health care, and presents a leading channel for human capital investment from economy, new rural united health care system and rural cultural industry.

ECONOMIC MEASUREMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL LOSS BROUGHT BY MINERAL RESOURCES EXPLOITATION IN HEBEI PROVINCE

ZHOU Ji-guang, DING Xin

2012, 14(6):  148-155. 

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Combined with the basic principle of Environmental Economics and market value, this paper evaluates the environmental loss brought by mineral resources exploitation in Hebei province from atmospheric pollution, water pollution, solid waste & gangue and geologic hazards. The environmental loss brought by mineral resources exploitation in 2007 is estimated to be 2.096 billion Yuan (RMB), 0.15% of GDP. Mining sector is not a major source for the severe environmental pollution, which comes from other industries. Environmental loss from mining amounts to 1.80% of the gross production, which is still underestimated. The importance of protecting mine environment can not be ignored.

VIEWS ON POLICY SIMULATION IN RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS

WANG Li-jun1, 2, 3,AN Feng4,SHI Yan-li3, 5

2012, 14(6):  156-160. 

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Economy increasingly depends upon resources, which makes policy simulation a hot research topic because of policy and its execution risks in resources and environmental economics. This paper reviews the worldwide policy simulations, and analyzes the references from CGE model, systematic dynamics and agent-based modeling. These simulations are reparation each other in precondition, modeling, and data dependence and forecast accuracy. An appropriate simulation shall be in accordance with research objects and available data. Due to the complexity of policy and factors during making policy, the integration of these simulations becomes a new trend.